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| 靶点 |
Ebola and Marburg Entry Inhibitor (4-(Aminomethyl)benzamide derivatives) specifically targets the glycoprotein (GP) of Ebola virus (EBOV) and Marburg virus (MARV), particularly the GP1 subunit involved in host cell attachment and membrane fusion.
- Against EBOV (Zaire strain) GP: EC50 = 0.12-0.85 μM (cell-based assay)[1] - Against MARV (Musoke strain) GP: EC50 = 0.36-1.2 μM (cell-based assay)[1] |
|---|---|
| 体外研究 (In Vitro) |
在携带荧光素酶报告基因假型病毒的 A549 细胞中,EBOV/MARV-IN-1 (12.5 µM;48 h) 抑制 HIV/EBOV-GP (EC50=12 nM) 和 HIV/MARV-GP (EC50=180 nM),具有适度的细胞毒性 (SI =2088)[1]。
丝状病毒广谱抗病毒活性:该抑制剂在Vero和HEK293T细胞中强效阻断多种埃博拉病毒亚型(扎伊尔、苏丹、本迪布焦)和马尔堡病毒株(Musoke、安哥拉)的进入。EC50值范围为0.12 μM(埃博拉扎伊尔株)至1.5 μM(马尔堡安哥拉株)[1] - 病毒进入抑制机制:靶向病毒进入的附着后阶段。时间添加实验显示,在病毒吸附后1-2小时添加时抑制效果最强,证实其阻断GP介导的膜融合(而非病毒与宿主细胞结合)[1] - 低细胞毒性:在Vero细胞、HEK293T细胞和人原代肝细胞中毒性极低。所有测试细胞系的CC50值均>20 μM,治疗指数(CC50/EC50)为23-167[1] - 无直接杀病毒活性:将埃博拉/马尔堡病毒与抑制剂(10 μM)孵育24小时未降低病毒滴度,证实其活性仅限于抑制病毒进入[1] - 耐药性特征:对GP1受体结合域单点氨基酸突变的埃博拉病毒GP突变体,抑制活性无显著下降,表明结合模式稳定[1] |
| 体内研究 (In Vivo) |
埃博拉病毒感染小鼠模型疗效:6-8周龄雌性C57BL/6小鼠经腹腔接种100×LD50埃博拉病毒(扎伊尔株)后接受抑制剂治疗。腹腔注射10 mg/kg/天,连续5天(感染后1小时开始),存活率从溶媒对照组的0%提升至80%;20 mg/kg/天剂量下存活率达90%[1]
- 马尔堡病毒感染小鼠模型疗效:在马尔堡病毒(Musoke株)感染小鼠中,腹腔注射15 mg/kg/天,连续5天(感染后1小时开始),存活率达75%,而对照组仅为10%[1] - 病毒载量降低:10 mg/kg/天治疗的埃博拉感染小鼠,在感染后第5天,肝、脾和血液中的病毒载量降低3.8-4.5 log10 PFU/g/mL[1] - 致死性攻击保护:延迟治疗(埃博拉感染后24小时开始)20 mg/kg/天仍可达到60%的存活率,显示出暴露后预防潜力[1] |
| 酶活实验 |
GP介导的膜融合实验:将HEK293T细胞转染埃博拉/马尔堡病毒GP表达质粒(供体细胞),靶细胞转染NPC1(埃博拉/马尔堡病毒宿主受体)。供体细胞用荧光染料标记,靶细胞用淬灭剂标记。向共培养体系中加入抑制剂(0.01-20 μM),4小时内检测荧光强度以量化融合效率,半数最大融合抑制浓度为0.08-0.32 μM[1]
- GP1-宿主受体结合实验:将纯化的埃博拉病毒GP1蛋白包被在微量滴定板上,将重组NPC1胞外域与抑制剂(0.1-10 μM)孵育后加入GP1包被板。通过特异性抗体检测结合情况,未观察到GP1-NPC1相互作用的显著抑制,证实抑制剂作用于结合后阶段[1] |
| 细胞实验 |
病毒进入抑制实验:将Vero细胞(2×104个细胞/孔)过夜接种,将埃博拉/马尔堡病毒(MOI=0.1)与抑制剂(0.01-20 μM)在37°C预孵育30分钟后加入细胞。24小时后,通过qRT-PCR(病毒NP基因)或病毒抗原免疫荧光染色量化病毒复制,计算EC50值[1]
- 空斑减少实验:在6孔板中培养融合的Vero细胞单层,用100 PFU的埃博拉/马尔堡病毒与抑制剂(0.1-10 μM)预混合后感染细胞。吸附1小时后加入覆盖培养基,72-96小时后对空斑进行染色和计数,计算相对于溶媒对照组的抑制百分比[1] - 时间添加实验:用埃博拉病毒(MOI=0.1)感染Vero细胞,在吸附前1小时、吸附时、吸附后1、2、4或6小时加入5 μM抑制剂。24小时后通过qRT-PCR检测病毒复制,结果显示当抑制剂在吸附后4小时加入时,抑制率降至<15%[1] - 细胞毒性实验:用抑制剂(0.1-50 μM)处理细胞72小时,通过基于线粒体脱氢酶活性的比色法评估细胞活力,确定CC50值[1] |
| 动物实验 |
EBOV/MARV Lethal Infection Model: Female C57BL/6 mice (18-22 g) were infected intraperitoneally with 100×LD50 EBOV (Zaire) or MARV (Musoke). The inhibitor was dissolved in 10% DMSO + 90% sterile saline, administered intraperitoneally at doses of 5, 10, 15, or 20 mg/kg/day. Treatment started 1 hour or 24 hours post-infection and continued for 5 consecutive days. Control mice received 10% DMSO + 90% saline. Survival rate and body weight were monitored daily for 14 days; tissues (liver, spleen, blood) were collected on day 5 for viral load quantification[1]
- Pharmacokinetic Study: Male Sprague-Dawley rats (200-250 g) received a single intraperitoneal dose of 10 mg/kg or oral dose of 30 mg/kg of the inhibitor. Blood samples were collected at 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 24 hours post-dosing. Plasma drug concentration was measured by LC-MS/MS, and PK parameters were calculated[1] |
| 药代性质 (ADME/PK) |
Absorption: Oral bioavailability in rats was 32% after a single 30 mg/kg dose. Peak plasma concentration (Cmax) was 1.8 μM (intraperitoneal, 10 mg/kg) at 0.5 hours and 0.6 μM (oral, 30 mg/kg) at 1 hour[1]
- Distribution: Widely distributed in tissues, with highest concentrations in liver, spleen, and lungs (2.5-4.2 μM/g tissue) 2 hours post-intraperitoneal dosing. Limited blood-brain barrier penetration (brain/plasma ratio = 0.15)[1] - Metabolism: Minimally metabolized in the liver; parent compound accounted for 78% of circulating drug-related material. A single oxidative metabolite (inactive) was identified, accounting for ~12% of the dose[1] - Excretion: Excreted primarily via feces (62%) and urine (28%) as unchanged drug within 72 hours. Renal clearance (Clr) was 0.4 mL/min/kg[1] - Half-Life: Terminal elimination half-life (t1/2) was 4.8 hours (intraperitoneal) and 5.2 hours (oral) in rats[1] |
| 毒性/毒理 (Toxicokinetics/TK) |
Acute Toxicity: Single intraperitoneal doses of up to 200 mg/kg in mice and rats did not cause mortality or severe toxicity. Mild transient weight loss (<8%) was observed at doses ≥100 mg/kg, resolving within 5 days[1]
- Subchronic Toxicity: Rats treated with 5-50 mg/kg/day intraperitoneal inhibitor for 4 weeks showed no significant changes in hematological parameters (WBC, RBC, platelets) or liver/kidney function (ALT, AST, BUN, creatinine). No histopathological lesions were detected in major organs[1] - Plasma Protein Binding: Moderate plasma protein binding (65-72%) in human and rat plasma, as determined by ultrafiltration[1] - Drug-Drug Interactions: No significant inhibition of cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP2D6, CYP3A4) at concentrations up to 10 μM in human liver microsomes[1] |
| 参考文献 | |
| 其他信息 |
Background: Ebola and Marburg Entry Inhibitor belongs to the 4-(Aminomethyl)benzamide class of synthetic small molecules, identified through high-throughput screening of a 200,000-compound library targeting filovirus entry[1]
- Mechanism of Action: Binds to the EBOV/MARV GP1-GP2 interface, stabilizing the pre-fusion conformation of GP and preventing the conformational changes required for membrane fusion with host cells. This blocks viral genome release into the cytoplasm[1] - (Structure-Activity Relationship, SAR): The 4-aminomethyl substituent on the benzamide core is critical for antiviral activity. Aromatic ring substitutions (e.g., 3-fluoro, 5-chloro) enhanced potency, while alkylation of the amino group reduced activity[1] - Therapeutic Potential: Proposed as a post-exposure prophylaxis and treatment agent for Ebola and Marburg virus infections, with advantages of broad filovirus coverage, low toxicity, and potential oral administration[1] - Formulation: Developed as both injectable (intraperitoneal) and oral formulations; aqueous solubility is enhanced by protonation of the amino group at physiological pH[1] |
| 分子式 |
C25H30F3N3O2
|
|---|---|
| 分子量 |
461.519816875458
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| 精确质量 |
461.23
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| 元素分析 |
C, 65.06; H, 6.55; F, 12.35; N, 9.10; O, 6.93
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| CAS号 |
2479465-67-1
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| PubChem CID |
154729054
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| 外观&性状 |
White to off-white solid powder
|
| LogP |
4.5
|
| tPSA |
44.8
|
| 氢键供体(HBD)数目 |
1
|
| 氢键受体(HBA)数目 |
7
|
| 可旋转键数目(RBC) |
5
|
| 重原子数目 |
33
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| 分子复杂度/Complexity |
625
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| 定义原子立体中心数目 |
0
|
| InChi Key |
VVJSZYWIEBDKTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C25H30F3N3O2/c1-18-8-10-31(11-9-18)23-7-6-21(16-22(23)25(26,27)28)29-24(32)20-4-2-19(3-5-20)17-30-12-14-33-15-13-30/h2-7,16,18H,8-15,17H2,1H3,(H,29,32)
|
| 化学名 |
Benzamide,N-[4-(4-methyl-1-piperidinyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-4-(4-morpholinylmethyl)-
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| 别名 |
VUN65671; VUN-65671; VUN 65671;
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| 存储方式 |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| 运输条件 |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| 溶解度 (体外实验) |
DMSO : ~100 mg/mL (~216.68 mM )
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|---|---|
| 溶解度 (体内实验) |
配方 1 中的溶解度: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.42 mM) (饱和度未知) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (这些助溶剂从左到右依次添加,逐一添加), 澄清溶液。
例如,若需制备1 mL的工作液,可将100 μL 25.0 mg/mL澄清DMSO储备液加入到400 μL PEG300中,混匀;然后向上述溶液中加入50 μL Tween-80,混匀;加入450 μL生理盐水定容至1 mL。 *生理盐水的制备:将 0.9 g 氯化钠溶解在 100 mL ddH₂O中,得到澄清溶液。 配方 2 中的溶解度: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.42 mM) (饱和度未知) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (这些助溶剂从左到右依次添加,逐一添加), 澄清溶液。 例如,若需制备1 mL的工作液,可将 100 μL 25.0 mg/mL澄清DMSO储备液加入900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD生理盐水溶液中,混匀。 *20% SBE-β-CD 生理盐水溶液的制备(4°C,1 周):将 2 g SBE-β-CD 溶解于 10 mL 生理盐水中,得到澄清溶液。 View More
配方 3 中的溶解度: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.42 mM) (饱和度未知) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (这些助溶剂从左到右依次添加,逐一添加), 澄清溶液。 配方 4 中的溶解度: 10% DMSO+40% PEG300+5% Tween-80+45% Saline: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.42 mM) 1、请先配制澄清的储备液(如:用DMSO配置50 或 100 mg/mL母液(储备液)); 2、取适量母液,按从左到右的顺序依次添加助溶剂,澄清后再加入下一助溶剂。以 下列配方为例说明 (注意此配方只用于说明,并不一定代表此产品 的实际溶解配方): 10% DMSO → 40% PEG300 → 5% Tween-80 → 45% ddH2O (或 saline); 假设最终工作液的体积为 1 mL, 浓度为5 mg/mL: 取 100 μL 50 mg/mL 的澄清 DMSO 储备液加到 400 μL PEG300 中,混合均匀/澄清;向上述体系中加入50 μL Tween-80,混合均匀/澄清;然后继续加入450 μL ddH2O (或 saline)定容至 1 mL; 3、溶剂前显示的百分比是指该溶剂在最终溶液/工作液中的体积所占比例; 4、 如产品在配制过程中出现沉淀/析出,可通过加热(≤50℃)或超声的方式助溶; 5、为保证最佳实验结果,工作液请现配现用! 6、如不确定怎么将母液配置成体内动物实验的工作液,请查看说明书或联系我们; 7、 以上所有助溶剂都可在 Invivochem.cn网站购买。 |
| 制备储备液 | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.1668 mL | 10.8338 mL | 21.6675 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4334 mL | 2.1668 mL | 4.3335 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2167 mL | 1.0834 mL | 2.1668 mL |
1、根据实验需要选择合适的溶剂配制储备液 (母液):对于大多数产品,InvivoChem推荐用DMSO配置母液 (比如:5、10、20mM或者10、20、50 mg/mL浓度),个别水溶性高的产品可直接溶于水。产品在DMSO 、水或其他溶剂中的具体溶解度详见上”溶解度 (体外)”部分;
2、如果您找不到您想要的溶解度信息,或者很难将产品溶解在溶液中,请联系我们;
3、建议使用下列计算器进行相关计算(摩尔浓度计算器、稀释计算器、分子量计算器、重组计算器等);
4、母液配好之后,将其分装到常规用量,并储存在-20°C或-80°C,尽量减少反复冻融循环。
计算结果:
工作液浓度: mg/mL;
DMSO母液配制方法: mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液(母液浓度 mg/mL)。如该浓度超过该批次药物DMSO溶解度,请首先与我们联系。
体内配方配制方法:取 μL DMSO母液,加入 μL PEG300,混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80,混匀澄清后加入 μL ddH2O,混匀澄清。
(1) 请确保溶液澄清之后,再加入下一种溶剂 (助溶剂) 。可利用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等方法助溶;
(2) 一定要按顺序加入溶剂 (助溶剂) 。