Metronidazole

别名:
目录号: V1480 纯度: ≥98%
甲硝唑(商品名 Flagyl、Metro、Trichopol、Vigilen)是一种基于咪唑的合成抗菌和抗原虫药物,属于硝基咪唑类,通常用于治疗原虫和其他细菌感染。
Metronidazole CAS号: 443-48-1
产品类别: DNA(RNA) Synthesis
产品仅用于科学研究,不针对患者销售
规格 价格 库存 数量
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5g
10g
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Other Forms of Metronidazole:

  • 苯酰甲硝唑
  • 甲硝唑盐酸盐
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InvivoChem产品被CNS等顶刊论文引用
纯度/质量控制文件

纯度: ≥98%

产品描述
甲硝唑(商品名Flagyl、Metro、Trichopol、Vagilen)是一种基于咪唑的合成抗菌和抗原虫药物,属于硝基咪唑类,通常用于治疗原虫和其他细菌感染。甲硝唑可单独使用或与其他抗生素联合使用,治疗盆腔炎、心内膜炎、细菌性阴道病等各种感染。对麦地那龙线虫病、贾第鞭毛虫病、滴虫病和阿米巴病也有效
生物活性&实验参考方法
靶点
DNA synthesis
Anaerobic bacterial DNA (MIC range: 0.125-8 μg/mL for Bacteroides fragilis group) [1][3]
- Trichomonas vaginalis DNA (MIC = 0.25 μg/mL) [2]
- Entamoeba histolytica DNA (MIC = 1 μg/mL) [2]
- Giardia lamblia DNA (MIC = 0.5 μg/mL) [2]
体外研究 (In Vitro)
甲硝唑在宿主或微生物细胞内代谢之前相对无活性。当甲硝唑收到来自铁氧还蛋白或黄伏氧还蛋白的电子时,甲硝唑被激活,该电子在厌氧或微需氧细菌或管腔寄生虫中被 POR 还原。甲硝唑通过形成蛋白质和 DNA 加合物来损害细胞。甲硝唑对溶组织阿米巴、贾第鞭毛虫和阴道毛滴虫等原生动物具有活性,该药物首次被批准作为有效治疗药物。甲硝唑对肠道厌氧菌群的活性已用于预防和治疗可能出现感染性并发症的克罗恩病患者。甲硝唑在厌氧菌相关感染中发挥着重要作用。甲硝唑对治疗厌氧性脑脓肿具有显着疗效。甲硝唑耐药性往往是由于驻留 rdxA 基因的从头突变引起的,而不是由于来自不相关但 Mtzr 菌株的突变 rdxA(或其他)基因的横向转移。甲硝唑部分抑制 rdxA(+)(甲硝唑(s))和 rdxA(甲硝唑(r))幽门螺杆菌菌株中利福平耐药性的生长刺激正向突变,并且 rdxA 在大肠杆菌中的表达导致等效的 Mtz 诱导突变。甲硝唑在纯人类杆菌的生长培养物中导致细胞凋亡样特征,包括程序性细胞死亡(PCD)的关键形态和生化特征,即。核浓缩和核内 DNA 缺口、细胞质体积减少、磷脂酰丝氨酸外化以及随着通透性增加而维持质膜完整性。
Metronidazole(甲硝唑)在厌氧条件下经细菌硝基还原酶(nim基因编码)激活,产生破坏细菌DNA链的硝基自由基,导致细胞死亡[1][3]
- 针对脆弱拟杆菌临床分离株,Metronidazole 的MIC值为0.125-2 μg/mL,98%的菌株敏感(MIC ≤ 4 μg/mL)[1]
- 对艰难梭菌菌株,Metronidazole 表现出抑制活性,MIC范围为0.5-4 μg/mL,可抑制孢子萌发和营养体生长[3]
- 在阴道毛滴虫培养物中,Metronidazole(0.25 μg/mL)在孵育48小时内清除99%的滋养体[2]
- 在浓度高达64 μg/mL时,对需氧菌(如大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌)无显著活性[1][3]
- 耐Metronidazole的拟杆菌菌株(MIC > 32 μg/mL)表现出硝基还原酶活性降低和nimA基因过表达[1]
体内研究 (In Vivo)
甲硝唑(135 mg/kg/d;口服;28 d)可穿透血脑屏障,长期给予大鼠时会表现出神经毒性[3]。
甲硝唑(1 g/L;口服;28 d)可穿透血脑屏障。 po;4 周)会导致骨骼肌萎缩,并改变与代谢调节和肌肉外周昼夜节律机制相关的基因表达[4]。
在腹腔感染脆弱拟杆菌(1×10⁸ CFU/只)的小鼠中,口服Metronidazole(20 mg/kg,每日两次,连续5天)使腹腔液中细菌载量降低5 log10 CFU/mL,存活率从0%提高至90%[1]
- 在艰难梭菌诱导的结肠炎大鼠模型中,Metronidazole(30 mg/kg,口服,每日三次,连续7天)缓解腹泻并减轻结肠黏膜炎症,粪便培养证实细菌清除[3]
- 在阴道毛滴虫感染的小鼠中,Metronidazole(10 mg/kg,口服,每日一次,连续3天)在85%的动物中清除阴道滋养体[2]
- 临床研究中,口服Metronidazole(250-500 mg,每日三次)治疗厌氧菌感染的治愈率为95%,治疗滴虫病的治愈率为90%[2]
酶活实验
硝基还原酶激活实验:将重组细菌硝基还原酶(来自脆弱拟杆菌)与Metronidazole(0.1-10 μg/mL)及NADPH在厌氧缓冲液中37°C孵育30分钟。通过电子自旋共振(ESR)光谱检测硝基自由基代谢产物的生成[1][3]
- DNA损伤实验:将纯化的细菌DNA(脆弱拟杆菌)与激活的Metronidazole(由硝基还原酶+NADPH生成)在37°C孵育60分钟。通过琼脂糖凝胶电泳分析DNA链断裂,密度法定量损伤程度[1]
- 厌氧菌MIC测定实验:在厌氧肉汤中制备Metronidazole的系列稀释液(0.0625-64 μg/mL),接种细菌悬液(5×10⁵ CFU/mL)。平板在37°C厌氧条件下孵育48小时,MIC定义为抑制可见生长的最低浓度[1][3]
细胞实验
细胞系:芽囊菌 sp。细胞
浓度:0.1 μg/mL-0.01 mg/mL
孵育时间:12、24、48、60、72、84、96 小时
结果:细胞直径减小,作为凋亡的标志细胞,并导致细胞收缩。
阴道毛滴虫活力实验:将阴道毛滴虫滋养体以1×10⁵个/mL悬浮于培养基中,与Metronidazole(0.0625-4 μg/mL)在37°C孵育24-48小时。通过台盼蓝排斥法计数存活滋养体,计算MIC值[2]
- 厌氧菌生长抑制实验:将脆弱拟杆菌或艰难梭菌与Metronidazole(0.1-32 μg/mL)在厌氧平板中培养48小时。计数菌落形成单位(CFU)以确定生长抑制率[1][3]
- 耐药性实验:将耐Metronidazole和敏感的拟杆菌菌株在含0.5-16 μg/mL Metronidazole的培养基中培养72小时。通过分光光度法测定硝基还原酶活性,RT-PCR定量nimA基因表达[1]
动物实验
Sprague-Dawley (SD) 大鼠 (200-220 g)
135 mg/kg
灌胃;每日一次;28 天
脆弱拟杆菌腹腔感染模型:雌性瑞士小鼠 (20-25 g) 腹腔注射 1×10⁸ CFU 的脆弱拟杆菌。甲硝唑溶于生理盐水,以 10、20、40 mg/kg 的剂量灌胃给药,每日两次,连续 5 天。记录存活率,并收集腹腔液进行细菌计数 [1]
- 艰难梭菌结肠炎模型:雄性 Wistar 大鼠 (180-220 g) 预先用抗生素处理以破坏肠道菌群,然后通过灌胃感染艰难梭菌孢子 (1×10⁶ 孢子/只大鼠)。将甲硝唑(30 mg/kg)溶于 0.5% CMC-Na 溶液中,每日三次口服,连续 7 天。评估腹泻评分和结肠组织病理学[3]
- 阴道毛滴虫感染模型:将雌性 BALB/c 小鼠(18-22 g)阴道内感染阴道毛滴虫滋养体(5×10⁴ 个细胞/只)。将甲硝唑(10 mg/kg)溶于生理盐水中,每日一次口服,连续 3 天。收集阴道冲洗液以检测活滋养体[2]
药代性质 (ADME/PK)
吸收、分布和排泄
静脉输注1.5g剂量后,1小时内达到峰浓度,峰浓度为30-40 mg/L。静脉注射500mg,每日三次,约3天后达到稳态浓度,峰浓度为26 mg/L。口服片剂时,甲硝唑完全吸收,生物利用度大于90%。有资料显示,单次口服500mg甲硝唑后的Cmax为8-13 mg/L,Tmax为25分钟至4小时。单次口服500mg甲硝唑后的AUC为122 ± 10.3 mg/L·h。
关于外用制剂吸收的说明:局部涂抹1%甲硝唑乳膏后,甲硝唑的经皮吸收微乎其微。健康志愿者在完整皮肤上涂抹100毫克14C标记的2%甲硝唑乳膏。12小时后,血浆中未检测到甲硝唑。尿液和粪便中检测到的甲硝唑量约为给药剂量的0.1%至1%。
甲硝唑及其代谢物60%至80%经尿液排出,6%至15%经粪便排出。
甲硝唑广泛分布于全身及各种体液中,包括胆汁、唾液、母乳、脑脊液和胎盘。成人体内甲硝唑的稳态分布容积为0.51至1.1升/公斤。甲硝唑在各种组织(例如中枢神经系统)中的血浆浓度可达 60% 至 100%,但在胎盘组织中未检测到高浓度。
肝功能不全患者可能需要调整剂量,因为这些患者的清除率降低。甲硝唑在肾脏的清除率估计为 10 mL/min/1.73 m²。血清总清除率约为 2.1 至 6.4 L/h/kg。
口服吸收良好;生物利用度至少为 80%。
分布于唾液、胆汁、精液、乳汁、骨骼、肝脏和肝脓肿、肺和阴道分泌物中;也能穿过胎盘和血脑屏障。
至少 80% 的口服甲硝唑剂量经胃肠道吸收。健康空腹成年人单次口服250毫克、500毫克或2克速释(常规)甲硝唑制剂后,原药及其活性代谢物的血浆峰浓度分别在1-3小时内达到,平均分别为4.6-6.5微克/毫升、11.5-13微克/毫升和30-45微克/毫升。健康空腹成年女性单次服用750毫克甲硝唑(两粒375毫克胶囊或三片250毫克常规片剂)后,原药及其活性代谢物的平均血浆峰浓度在1.4-1.6小时内达到,平均为20.4-21.4微克/毫升;单次750毫克剂量下,甲硝唑胶囊和常规片剂具有生物等效性。与食物同服甲硝唑片剂或胶囊会降低其吸收率和血浆峰浓度;然而,药物总吸收量不受影响。健康成年女性连续7天每日口服一次750毫克甲硝唑缓释片后,空腹服用时,稳态血浆峰浓度平均为12.5微克/毫升,平均在给药后6.8小时达到;非空腹服用相同剂量时,稳态血浆峰浓度平均为19.4微克/毫升,平均在给药后4.6小时达到。与食物同服甲硝唑缓释片可提高药物的吸收率和血浆峰浓度。据生产商称,空腹服用750毫克甲硝唑缓释片和普通片剂具有生物等效性。
有关甲硝唑(共12种)的更多吸收、分布和排泄(完整)数据,请访问HSDB记录页面。
代谢/代谢物
甲硝唑在肝脏中通过羟基化、氧化和葡萄糖醛酸化进行代谢。甲硝唑代谢产生5种代谢物。羟基代谢物1-(2-羟乙基)-2-羟甲基-5-硝基咪唑被认为是主要的活性代谢物。血浆中含有未代谢的甲硝唑以及少量2-羟甲基代谢物。尿液中含有多种甲硝唑代谢物。它们主要是侧链氧化和葡萄糖醛酸结合的产物。尿液中仅20%的甲硝唑为原形药物。甲硝唑的两种主要氧化代谢产物是羟基代谢物和乙酸代谢物。口服或静脉注射甲硝唑后,约30-60%的药物在肝脏中通过羟基化、侧链氧化和葡萄糖醛酸结合等代谢途径代谢。主要代谢产物2-羟基甲硝唑具有一定的抗菌和抗原生动物活性。此外,还鉴定出四种含硝基的代谢产物,它们均来源于乙基和/或甲基的侧链氧化。这些代谢产物包括1-乙酸-2-甲基-5-硝基咪唑和1-(2-羟乙基)-2-羧酸-5-硝基咪唑盐。肝脏是甲硝唑的主要代谢部位,其代谢清除率超过50%。两种主要代谢产物是侧链氧化产生的,分别为羟基衍生物和酸。羟基代谢产物的半衰期较长(约12小时),且具有甲硝唑近50%的抗滴虫活性。此外,还观察到葡萄糖醛酸苷的形成。肠道菌群会产生少量还原代谢产物,包括开环产物。部分患者的尿液可能呈红棕色,这是由于尿液中存在源自药物的未知色素所致。
主要通过肝脏羟基化、氧化和葡萄糖醛酸化代谢。
半衰期:6-8小时
生物半衰期
健康受试者单次静脉注射500mg甲硝唑后,其消除半衰期为7.3 ± 1.0小时。另一项研究表明,甲硝唑的消除半衰期为 6 至 10 小时。
据报道,肾功能和肝功能正常的成年人,甲硝唑的血浆半衰期为 6 至 8 小时。一项使用放射性标记的甲硝唑盐酸盐的研究表明,未代谢甲硝唑的平均半衰期为 7.7 小时,总放射性的平均半衰期为 11.9 小时。甲硝唑的血浆半衰期不受肾功能变化的影响;然而,肝功能受损患者的半衰期可能会延长。一项针对患有酒精性肝病和肝功能受损的成年人的研究显示,甲硝唑的平均半衰期为 18.3 小时(范围:10.3 至 29.5 小时)。
半衰期:新生儿 25 至 75 小时;其他:6-8 小时,肝功能损害时延长。
犬的消除半衰期为 4.5 小时,马为 1.5-3.3 小时。
口服生物利用度:口服 250-500 mg 后,人体的生物利用度为 80-90% [2]
- 血浆蛋白结合率:人血浆中为 10-20%(浓度范围:1-20 μg/mL)[2]
- 代谢:经肝脏氧化和葡萄糖醛酸化代谢,主要代谢产物为 2-羟基甲硝唑(活性成分)[2]
- 消除半衰期:人体为 8-10 小时;小鼠为 4-6 小时;大鼠体内半衰期为 6-8 小时 [2]
- 分布:在人体内,分布容积 (Vd) 为 0.8-1.0 L/kg,广泛分布于组织(肝脏、肾脏、脑、阴道分泌物)[2]
- 排泄:60-80% 的剂量以代谢物的形式经尿液排出;10-15% 经粪便排出;<5% 以原形排出 [2]
毒性/毒理 (Toxicokinetics/TK)
毒性概述
甲硝唑是一种前药。非离子化的甲硝唑对厌氧菌具有选择性,因为厌氧菌能够在细胞内将甲硝唑还原为其活性形式。还原后的甲硝唑随后与DNA共价结合,破坏其螺旋结构,抑制细菌核酸合成,最终导致细菌细胞死亡。
毒性数据
LD50=500 mg/kg/天(大鼠口服)。
药物相互作用
建议甲硝唑不要与酒精同时服用,或在饮酒后至少1天内服用;因为干扰酒精氧化可能导致乙醛积累,从而产生类似双硫仑样作用,例如腹部绞痛、恶心、呕吐、头痛或潮红;此外,据报道,同时服用时酒精饮料的味道会发生改变。
当甲硝唑与香豆素或茚满二酮衍生物类抗凝剂同时使用时,由于甲硝唑会抑制抗凝剂的酶促代谢,因此其作用可能会增强;治疗期间可能需要定期测定凝血酶原时间,以确定是否需要调整抗凝剂的剂量。
当甲硝唑与西咪替丁同时使用时,甲硝唑的肝脏代谢可能会降低,这可能导致清除延迟和血清甲硝唑浓度升高;建议监测血清浓度以指导剂量调整,因为在西咪替丁治疗期间和之后可能需要调整甲硝唑的剂量。
建议酒精中毒患者不要同时服用甲硝唑和双硫仑,或在服用双硫仑后2周内不要同时服用甲硝唑。由于联合毒性,此类使用可能导致意识混乱和精神病反应。
有关甲硝唑(共 12 种)的更多相互作用(完整)数据,请访问 HSDB 记录页面。
非人类毒性值
白化大鼠口服 LD50 > 5 g/kg
急性毒性:小鼠口服 LD50 = 1900 mg/kg;大鼠口服 LD50 = 2500 mg/kg [2]
- 胃肠道毒性:人类出现恶心 (25%)、呕吐 (15%) 和腹泻 (10%);轻微且可逆[2]
- 神经毒性:长期使用(>2周)或高剂量(>2克/天)的患者中,<5%报告出现周围神经病变(感觉异常、麻木)[2]
- 肝毒性:<10%的患者出现短暂的ALT/AST升高;无明显的肝细胞损伤[2]
- 双硫仑样反应:与酒精合用时出现潮红、心动过速和低血压(由于醛脱氢酶抑制)[2]
- 肾功能正常的患者未见明显的肾毒性[2]
参考文献

[1]. Antimicrob Agents Chemother . 1999 Jul;43(7):1533-41.

[2]. Drugs . 1991 Sep;42(3):428-67.

[3]. J Bacteriol . 2000 Sep;182(18):5091-6.

其他信息
治疗用途
MeSH标题:抗感染药、抗原生动物药、放射增敏剂
兽药:抗原生动物药(滴虫);抗阿米巴药;抗菌药
兽药:甲硝唑在治疗人类贾第虫病、阴道和口腔滴虫病以及肝脏和肠道阿米巴病方面的成功,促使人们研究其在治疗某些家畜原生动物疾病方面的潜在用途。这些疾病主要包括牛泌尿生殖道滴虫病以及犬、猫或灵长类动物的肠道贾第虫病、滴虫病、阿米巴病或巴兰氏虫感染。 ...
口服甲硝唑(缓释制剂)用于治疗由阴道加德纳菌、动杆菌属、人型支原体和厌氧菌(消化链球菌属和拟杆菌属)引起的细菌性阴道炎。/包含在美国或加拿大产品标签中/
有关甲硝唑(共25种)的更多治疗用途(完整)数据,请访问HSDB记录页面。
药物警告
甲硝唑可穿过胎盘并迅速进入胎儿循环。尚未进行充分且对照良好的人体研究。……但是,不建议在妊娠早期使用甲硝唑治疗滴虫病。如果在妊娠中晚期使用甲硝唑治疗滴虫病,建议仅用于局部姑息治疗无法控制症状的患者。此外,不应采用1天疗程,因为这会导致母体和胎儿血清药物浓度过高。目前尚无关于年龄与甲硝唑对老年患者疗效关系的信息。然而,老年患者更容易出现与年龄相关的肝功能下降,这可能需要调整接受甲硝唑治疗的患者的剂量。口服或静脉注射甲硝唑后,罕见地有周围神经病变(表现为肢体麻木、刺痛或感觉异常)和惊厥的报道。如果停用甲硝唑,周围神经病变通常是可逆的,但对于长期用药或剂量高于推荐剂量的患者,周围神经病变可能会持续存在。服用甲硝唑还可能出现头晕、眩晕、运动不协调、共济失调、意识混乱、易怒、抑郁、乏力、失眠、头痛、晕厥、耳鸣和听力下降等症状。在接受口服甲硝唑(缓释片)治疗细菌性阴道炎的非妊娠女性中,18%出现头痛,其中10%的患者描述头痛剧烈。
口服甲硝唑还可能出现尿道灼痛或不适、排尿困难、膀胱炎、多尿、尿失禁、盆腔压迫感、阴道或外阴干燥、性交疼痛和性欲减退等症状。由于药物代谢产生的水溶性色素,口服或静脉注射甲硝唑后,尿液可能呈深色或红褐色。在一项比较细菌性阴道病治疗的研究中,接受口服甲硝唑(缓释片)治疗的非孕妇中,有 15% 报告出现外阴阴道念珠菌病(或酵母菌性阴道炎);而接受磷酸克林霉素(2% 克林霉素)阴道乳膏治疗的非孕妇中,有 12% 报告出现外阴阴道念珠菌病(或酵母菌性阴道炎)。虽然尚未确定与该药物存在明确的因果关系,但在接受口服甲硝唑(缓释片)治疗细菌性阴道炎的非妊娠女性中,分别有 5%、3% 和 2% 的患者报告出现生殖器瘙痒、痛经和尿路感染。
有关甲硝唑(共 18 条)的更多药物警告(完整)数据,请访问 HSDB 记录页面。
药效学
甲硝唑可治疗阿米巴病、滴虫病和贾第虫病,具有抗菌和抗原生动物活性。甲硝唑对某些厌氧菌感染也有效。甲硝唑对大多数专性厌氧菌具有抗菌活性,但体外研究表明,其对兼性厌氧菌或专性需氧菌的抗菌作用并不显著。厌氧菌对甲硝唑硝基的还原可能是其抗菌细胞毒性作用的原因,可导致微生物DNA链损伤。关于惊厥、神经病变和致癌性的注意事项:必须注意甲硝唑可能引起周围神经病变和惊厥的风险,尤其是在高剂量下。如果出现惊厥或肢体麻木,应立即停药。甲硝唑已被发现对小鼠和大鼠具有致癌性,但其对人类的致癌作用尚不明确。建议仅在临床必要时且仅用于其批准的适应症时才使用甲硝唑。
甲硝唑是一种硝基咪唑类抗菌药物,对厌氧菌和原虫具有选择性活性[1][2][3]
- 其作用机制需要细菌/原虫硝基还原酶的厌氧激活,该酶将硝基还原形成细胞毒性自由基,从而损伤DNA[1][3]
- 适应症包括治疗厌氧菌感染(腹腔内、盆腔、皮肤和软组织感染)、艰难梭菌相关性腹泻、滴虫病、阿米巴病和贾第虫病[2]
- 耐药性罕见,但在拟杆菌属中可通过硝基还原酶活性降低或nim基因过度表达而产生[1]
- 有口服、静脉注射和外用制剂;对于轻度至中度感染,首选口服给药[2]
- 妊娠分级为B级(人体数据显示无胎儿风险),但建议在妊娠早期谨慎使用[2]
*注: 文献方法仅供参考, InvivoChem并未独立验证这些方法的准确性
化学信息 & 存储运输条件
分子式
C6H9N3O3
分子量
171.15
精确质量
171.064
元素分析
C, 42.10; H, 5.30; N, 24.55; O, 28.04
CAS号
443-48-1
相关CAS号
1460293-84-8 (sodium); 13182-82-6 (acetate); 443-48-1 (free); 13182-89-3 (benzoate); 69198-10-3 (HCl); 443-48-1
PubChem CID
4173
外观&性状
White to light yellow crystalline powder
密度
1.5±0.1 g/cm3
沸点
405.4±25.0 °C at 760 mmHg
熔点
159-161 °C(lit.)
闪点
199.0±23.2 °C
蒸汽压
0.0±1.0 mmHg at 25°C
折射率
1.612
LogP
-0.01
tPSA
83.87
氢键供体(HBD)数目
1
氢键受体(HBA)数目
4
可旋转键数目(RBC)
2
重原子数目
12
分子复杂度/Complexity
170
定义原子立体中心数目
0
SMILES
O([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])N1C(=C([H])N=C1C([H])([H])[H])[N+](=O)[O-]
InChi Key
VAOCPAMSLUNLGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C6H9N3O3/c1-5-7-4-6(9(11)12)8(5)2-3-10/h4,10H,2-3H2,1H3
化学名
2-(2-methyl-5-nitroimidazol-1-yl)ethanol
别名

Metro; Flagyl; Trichopol; Vagilen; Metronidazole

HS Tariff Code
2934.99.9001
存储方式

Powder      -20°C    3 years

                     4°C     2 years

In solvent   -80°C    6 months

                  -20°C    1 month

注意: 本产品在运输和储存过程中需避光。
运输条件
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
溶解度数据
溶解度 (体外实验)
DMSO: 34~35 mg/mL (198.7~204.5 mM)
Water: <1 mg/mL
Ethanol: <1 mg/mL
溶解度 (体内实验)
配方 1 中的溶解度: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (12.15 mM) (饱和度未知) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (这些助溶剂从左到右依次添加,逐一添加), 澄清溶液。
例如,若需制备1 mL的工作液,可将100 μL 20.8 mg/mL澄清DMSO储备液加入400 μL PEG300中,混匀;然后向上述溶液中加入50 μL Tween-80,混匀;加入450 μL生理盐水定容至1 mL。
*生理盐水的制备:将 0.9 g 氯化钠溶解在 100 mL ddH₂O中,得到澄清溶液。

配方 2 中的溶解度: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (12.15 mM) (饱和度未知) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (这些助溶剂从左到右依次添加,逐一添加), 澄清溶液。
例如,若需制备1 mL的工作液,可将 100 μL 20.8 mg/mL澄清DMSO储备液加入900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD生理盐水溶液中,混匀。
*20% SBE-β-CD 生理盐水溶液的制备(4°C,1 周):将 2 g SBE-β-CD 溶解于 10 mL 生理盐水中,得到澄清溶液。

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配方 3 中的溶解度: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (12.15 mM) (饱和度未知) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (这些助溶剂从左到右依次添加,逐一添加), 澄清溶液。
例如,若需制备1 mL的工作液,可将 100 μL 20.8 mg/mL 澄清 DMSO 储备液加入到 900 μL 玉米油中并混合均匀。


配方 4 中的溶解度: 12.5 mg/mL (73.04 mM) in PBS (这些助溶剂从左到右依次添加,逐一添加), 澄清溶液; 超声助溶 (<60°C).

请根据您的实验动物和给药方式选择适当的溶解配方/方案:
1、请先配制澄清的储备液(如:用DMSO配置50 或 100 mg/mL母液(储备液));
2、取适量母液,按从左到右的顺序依次添加助溶剂,澄清后再加入下一助溶剂。以 下列配方为例说明 (注意此配方只用于说明,并不一定代表此产品 的实际溶解配方):
10% DMSO → 40% PEG300 → 5% Tween-80 → 45% ddH2O (或 saline);
假设最终工作液的体积为 1 mL, 浓度为5 mg/mL: 取 100 μL 50 mg/mL 的澄清 DMSO 储备液加到 400 μL PEG300 中,混合均匀/澄清;向上述体系中加入50 μL Tween-80,混合均匀/澄清;然后继续加入450 μL ddH2O (或 saline)定容至 1 mL;

3、溶剂前显示的百分比是指该溶剂在最终溶液/工作液中的体积所占比例;
4、 如产品在配制过程中出现沉淀/析出,可通过加热(≤50℃)或超声的方式助溶;
5、为保证最佳实验结果,工作液请现配现用!
6、如不确定怎么将母液配置成体内动物实验的工作液,请查看说明书或联系我们;
7、 以上所有助溶剂都可在 Invivochem.cn网站购买。
制备储备液 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 5.8428 mL 29.2141 mL 58.4283 mL
5 mM 1.1686 mL 5.8428 mL 11.6857 mL
10 mM 0.5843 mL 2.9214 mL 5.8428 mL

1、根据实验需要选择合适的溶剂配制储备液 (母液):对于大多数产品,InvivoChem推荐用DMSO配置母液 (比如:5、10、20mM或者10、20、50 mg/mL浓度),个别水溶性高的产品可直接溶于水。产品在DMSO 、水或其他溶剂中的具体溶解度详见上”溶解度 (体外)”部分;

2、如果您找不到您想要的溶解度信息,或者很难将产品溶解在溶液中,请联系我们;

3、建议使用下列计算器进行相关计算(摩尔浓度计算器、稀释计算器、分子量计算器、重组计算器等);

4、母液配好之后,将其分装到常规用量,并储存在-20°C或-80°C,尽量减少反复冻融循环。

计算器

摩尔浓度计算器可计算特定溶液所需的质量、体积/浓度,具体如下:

  • 计算制备已知体积和浓度的溶液所需的化合物的质量
  • 计算将已知质量的化合物溶解到所需浓度所需的溶液体积
  • 计算特定体积中已知质量的化合物产生的溶液的浓度
使用摩尔浓度计算器计算摩尔浓度的示例如下所示:
假如化合物的分子量为350.26 g/mol,在5mL DMSO中制备10mM储备液所需的化合物的质量是多少?
  • 在分子量(MW)框中输入350.26
  • 在“浓度”框中输入10,然后选择正确的单位(mM)
  • 在“体积”框中输入5,然后选择正确的单位(mL)
  • 单击“计算”按钮
  • 答案17.513 mg出现在“质量”框中。以类似的方式,您可以计算体积和浓度。

稀释计算器可计算如何稀释已知浓度的储备液。例如,可以输入C1、C2和V2来计算V1,具体如下:

制备25毫升25μM溶液需要多少体积的10 mM储备溶液?
使用方程式C1V1=C2V2,其中C1=10mM,C2=25μM,V2=25 ml,V1未知:
  • 在C1框中输入10,然后选择正确的单位(mM)
  • 在C2框中输入25,然后选择正确的单位(μM)
  • 在V2框中输入25,然后选择正确的单位(mL)
  • 单击“计算”按钮
  • 答案62.5μL(0.1 ml)出现在V1框中
g/mol

分子量计算器可计算化合物的分子量 (摩尔质量)和元素组成,具体如下:

注:化学分子式大小写敏感:C12H18N3O4  c12h18n3o4
计算化合物摩尔质量(分子量)的说明:
  • 要计算化合物的分子量 (摩尔质量),请输入化学/分子式,然后单击“计算”按钮。
分子质量、分子量、摩尔质量和摩尔量的定义:
  • 分子质量(或分子量)是一种物质的一个分子的质量,用统一的原子质量单位(u)表示。(1u等于碳-12中一个原子质量的1/12)
  • 摩尔质量(摩尔重量)是一摩尔物质的质量,以g/mol表示。
/

配液计算器可计算将特定质量的产品配成特定浓度所需的溶剂体积 (配液体积)

  • 输入试剂的质量、所需的配液浓度以及正确的单位
  • 单击“计算”按钮
  • 答案显示在体积框中
动物体内实验配方计算器(澄清溶液)
第一步:请输入基本实验信息(考虑到实验过程中的损耗,建议多配一只动物的药量)
第二步:请输入动物体内配方组成(配方适用于不溶/难溶于水的化合物),不同的产品和批次配方组成不同,如对配方有疑问,可先联系我们提供正确的体内实验配方。此外,请注意这只是一个配方计算器,而不是特定产品的确切配方。
+
+
+

计算结果:

工作液浓度 mg/mL;

DMSO母液配制方法 mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液(母液浓度 mg/mL)。如该浓度超过该批次药物DMSO溶解度,请首先与我们联系。

体内配方配制方法μL DMSO母液,加入 μL PEG300,混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80,混匀澄清后加入 μL ddH2O,混匀澄清。

(1) 请确保溶液澄清之后,再加入下一种溶剂 (助溶剂) 。可利用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等方法助溶;
            (2) 一定要按顺序加入溶剂 (助溶剂) 。

临床试验信息
A 'Screen and Treat' Helicobacter Pylori Eradication Trial in Adolescents in Three Regions of Chile
CTID: NCT05926804
Phase: N/A    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-11-18
Fecal Microbiota Transplant and Re-introduction of Anti-PD-1 Therapy (Pembrolizumab or Nivolumab) for the Treatment of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer in Anti-PD-1 Non-responders
CTID: NCT04729322
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Active, not recruiting
Date: 2024-11-08
Optimal Duration of Bismuth Quadruple Therapy for Helicobacter Pylori Eradication in Females As Compared with Males
CTID: NCT06509139
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Enrolling by invitation
Date: 2024-11-07
Probiotic Efficacy in Postmenopausal Women with Bacterial Vaginosis
CTID: NCT06659380
Phase: N/A    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-10-28
Rescue Therapy for Helicobacter Pylori Infection
CTID: NCT05874544
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-10-22
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Date: 2024-10-21


Comparison of Dequalinium Chloride (Fluomizin) vs Oral Metronidazole for the Treatment of Bacterial Vaginosis
CTID: NCT05788991
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Terminated
Date: 2024-10-16
Modulation of the Gut Microbiome With Pembrolizumab Following Chemotherapy in Resectable Pancreatic Cancer
CTID: NCT05462496
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-10-15
Study to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of Meropenem and Pralurbactam in CIAI
CTID: NCT06633718
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Not yet recruiting
Date: 2024-10-09
Antibiotic Treatment Effects on Intratumoral Bacteria Modulation in Surgical Patients With Oral Cancer
CTID: NCT06627270
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Not yet recruiting
Date: 2024-10-04
Phase II Trial Targeting Gut Bacterial Androgen Production to Reverse Therapeutic Resistance to Abiraterone in Patients With Metastatic Prostate Cancer
CTID: NCT06616597
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Not yet recruiting
Date: 2024-09-27
A Phase II Trial Utilizing Metronidazole to Optimize the Microbiome of Rectal Adenocarcinoma Undergoing Neoadjuvant Therapy
CTID: NCT06569368
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-09-19
Metronidazole SC Penetrance With Moisturizers
CTID: NCT06434519
Phase: N/A    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-09-19
Parasitic Infections and Ulcerative Colitis: Combining Anti-parasitic and Immunomodulatory Treatments May Achieve Remission
CTID: NCT06583863
Phase: N/A    Status: Completed
Date: 2024-09-04
Bioequivalence of Metronidazole Gel, 0.75% in the Treatment of Bacterial Vaginosis
CTID: NCT01020396
Phase: Phase 1/Phase 2    Status: Completed
Date: 2024-08-19
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CTID: NCT04186247
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Completed
Date: 2024-08-05
Improvement of PPROM Management With Prophylactic Antimicrobial Therapy (iPROMPT)
CTID: NCT06396078
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-07-29
Vaginal Microbiota Transplant
CTID: NCT04046900
Phase: Phase 1/Phase 2    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-07-29
Surgical Access Combined With Systematically Administered Antibiotics in the Treatment of Peri-implantitis
CTID: NCT05444218
Phase: N/A    Status: Completed
Date: 2024-07-18
The Efficacy of 10-day and 14-day Bismuth-based Quadruple Therapy in First-line H. Pylori Eradication
CTID: NCT04527055
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Enrolling by invitation
Date: 2024-06-24
Comparison Between Oral Clindamycin Vs Metronidazole for the Treatment of Abnormal Vaginal Flora in High Risk Pregnancies
CTID: NCT01722708
Phase: N/A    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-06-21
Optimization of Bacterial Vaginosis Treatment in Women of Reproductive Age
CTID: NCT06458543
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-06-13
Shaping the Indications for Periodontal Adjunctive Antibiotics in Dental Practice
CTID: NCT06131021
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-05-31
Evaluation of the Effect of Systemic Proteolytic Enzyme Therapy on Postoperative Inflammatory Response and QoL After Surgical Extraction of Impacted Mandibular Third Molars
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Date: 2024-05-08
ORal Antibiotics In Acute Mesenteric Ischemia
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Date: 2024-04-26
Systemic Amoxicillin Plus Metronidazole in Peri-implantitis Treatment
CTID: NCT04149327
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
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Phase: Phase 2    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-04-19
Screen-and-treat Strategy for Vaginal Flora Abnormalities in Pregnant Women at High Risk of Preterm Birth
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Study to Assess Efficacy and Safety of PF-06947386 in Japanese Adult Patients With Complicated Intra-abdominal Infection
CTID: NCT04927312
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2024-03-13
Pharmacokinetics of Transdermal Metronidazole
CTID: NCT05929794
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-03-13
Comparisons Of Different Antiplaque Agents On Gingivitis In Orthodontic Patients
CTID: NCT06305546
Phase: N/A    Status: Completed
Date: 2024-03-13
Refined Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT) for Ulcerative Colitis (UC)
CTID: NCT04968951
PhaseEarly Phase 1    Status: Terminated
Date: 2024-02-26
Refining Treatment Options for Trichomonas Vaginalis Infection: A Comparative Analysis of Metronidazole and Secnidazole
CTID: NCT06261840
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Not yet recruiting
Date: 2024-02-15
Feasibility Study of the Proposed Test-and-treat Screening Program in Younger Participants With H. Pylori Infection
CTID: NCT06216639
Phase:    Status: Enrolling by invitation
Date: 2024-02-09
Treatment of Bacterial Vaginosis Prior to Active Labor and Infectious Morbidity
CTID: NCT03954990
Phase: Phase 1    Status: Terminated
Date: 2023-12-12
Diagnostics of Chronic Endometritis in Infertility
CTID: NCT05946655
Phase: N/A    Status: Completed
Date: 2023-11-18
Vaginal lIve Biotherapeutic RANdomized Trial
CTID: NCT06135974
PhaseEarly Phase 1    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2023-11-18
Anti-protozoal Effect of Steroid Hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone
CTID: NCT04827537
Phase: Phase 2/Phase 3    Status: Active, not recruiting
Date: 2023-11-18
Antibiotic Treatment foLlowing Surgical drAinage of Perianal abScess; the ATLAS Trial
CTID: NCT05385887
Phase: N/A    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2023-11-13
Combination Study of Antibiotics With Enzalutamide (PROMIZE)
CTID: NCT06126731
Phase: Phase 1/Phase 2    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2023-11-13
The Use of Low Dose Metronidazole to Decrease Postoperative Pain After Endometriosis Surgery
CTID: NCT04554693
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2023-10-27
Flagyl Microbiome in Crohn's Disease
CTID: NCT04682522
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2023-10-23
Immature Granulocyte [IG] Count and Percentage for Medical Treatment of Uncomplicated Acute Appendicitis
CTID: NCT04462588
Phase:    Status: Completed
Date: 2023-10-17
Doxycycline for Helicobacter Pylori Rescue Treatment
CTID: NCT05874570
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2023-09-25
Comparing the Efficacy of Metronidazole and Minocycline Gels for the Treatment of Diabetic Periodontitis Patients
CTID: NCT06027151
Phase: N/A    Status: Completed
Date: 2023-09-07
The Observation on the Efficacy of Dual Therapy Based on Vonoprazan in Eradicating Helicobacter Pylori
CTID: NCT06004401
Phase: N/A    Status: Not yet recruiting
Date: 2023-08-22
Prophylactic Antibiotics After Cesarean
CTID: NCT03187106
Phase: Phase 1    Status: Completed
Date: 2023-08-16
Safety and Tolerability of Metronidazole Gel 1.3%
CTID: NCT02392026
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2023-08-15
Bismuth-containing Quadruple Therapy for Helicobacter Pylori Eradication
CTID: NCT05049902
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2023-07-19
Piperacillin/Tazobactam Versus ceftriAxone and Metronidazole for Children With Perforated Appendicitis (ALPACA)
CTID: NCT05943223
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Not yet recruiting
Date: 2023-07-13
Probiotic and Antibiotic Therapies in Women With Unexplained Infertility
CTID: NCT04955574
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Withdrawn
Date: 2023-06-28
A Randomized Controlled Trial of Treatment of Bacterial Vaginosis
CTID: NCT04578015
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Terminated
Date: 2023-06-15
Responses to Rabies Vaccine in Adults With or Without Antibiotics
CTID: NCT03557008
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2023-06-08
PROJECT PREVENT: Metronidazole Antibiotic Per Vagina Before Hysterectomy: Is Additional Antibiotic Prophylaxis Beneficial?
CTID: NCT04478617
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Active, not recruiting
Date: 2023-05-17
MK-7625A Plus Metronidazole Versus Meropenem in Pediatric Participants With Complicated Intra-Abdominal Infection (cIAI) (MK-7625A-035)
CTID: NCT03217136
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Completed
Date: 2023-05-06
The Efficacy of the 7 Days Tailored Therapy as 2nd Rescue Therapy for Eradication of H. Pylori Infection
CTID: NCT02359331
Phase: N/A    Status: Terminated
Date: 2023-04-13
Quintuple Method for Treatment of Multiple Refractory Colorectal Liver Metastases
CTID: NCT05774964
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Not yet recruiting
Date: 2023-03-20
Early Blocking Strategy for Metachronous Liver Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer Based on Pre-hepatic CTC Detection
CTID: NCT05720559
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Not yet recruiting
Date: 2023-02-09
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam (MK-7625A) Plus Metronidazole Versus Meropenem for Participants With Complicated Intra-abdominal Infection (MK-7625A-015)
CTID: NCT03830333
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2023-01-17
Is it Effective to Treat Patients With Blastocystis Hominis Infection?
CTID: NCT01521403
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Unknown status
Date: 2022-08-23
'Overlap Syndrome and PSC: Evaluating Role of Gut Microflora and Its Identification With Antibiotics in Children'
CTID: NCT03069976
Phase: N/A    Status: Completed
Date: 2022-08-05
Split-Face Tolerability Comparison Between MetroGel® 1% Versus Finacea® 15% in Subjects With Healthy Skin
CTID: NCT01139008
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2022-08-01
Split-face Tolerability Comparison Between MetroGel® 1% vs Finacea® 15% in Subjects With Healthy Skin
CTID: NCT01139047
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2022-08-01
Evaluation of Relapse, Efficacy and Safety of Long-term Treatment With Oracea® vs Placebo
CTID: NCT01426269
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2022-08-01
An Evaluation of the Cosmetic Appearance of Metronidazole Gel (MetroGel®) 1%
CTID: NCT00668655
Phase:    Status: Completed
Date: 2022-07-29
Efficacies of Hybrid and High-dose Dual Therapies for the First-line Anti-H Pylori Treatment
CTID: NCT05152004
Phase: N/A    Status: Completed
Date: 2022-07-20
Topical Analgesia Post-Haemorrhoidectomy
CTID: NCT04276298
Phase: Phase 2/Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2022-05-18
Pharmacokinetics of Metronidazole Dermal Products
CTID: NCT03271983
PhaseEarly Phase 1    Status: Completed
Date: 2022-05-17
Preoperative Oral Antibiotics With vs Without Mechanical Bowel Preparation to Reduce Surgical Site Infections Following Colonic Resection: an International Randomized Controlled Trial.
CTID: NCT04161599
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Unknown status
Date: 2022-04-26
Treatment Comparison of Antibiotics Versus Vaginal Lactic Acid in Non-pregnant Women With Acute Symptomatic Bacterial Vaginosis
CTID: NCT02042287
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2022-04-08
Susceptibility-Guided Therapy for Helicobacter Pylori Infection Treatment
CTID: NCT05250050
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Unknown status
Date: 2022-03-18
A Randomized Controlled Trial of Three Antibiotic Regimens for First Trimester Abortions
CTID: NCT02756403
Phase: N/A    Status: Completed
Date: 2022-02-11
Two Different Antibiotic Agents to Treat Generalized Aggressive Periodontitis
CTID: NCT02969928
Phase: Phase 2/Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2021-12-28
Efficacy Study of Preconception Treatment of an Asymptomatic Bacterial Infection in an Infertility Population
CTID: NCT01322971
Phase: N/A    Status: Terminated
Date: 2021-12-20
Bowel Preparation in Elective Pediatric Colorectal Surgery
CTID: NCT03593252
Phase: N/A    Status: Unknown status
Date: 2021-12-09
Helicobacter Pylori Rescue Treatment in Patients Allergic to Penicillin
CTID: NCT05135182
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Unknown status
Date: 2021-11-30
Helicobacter Pylori First-line Treatment Containing Tetracycline in Patients Allergic to Penicillin
CTID: NCT05129176
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Unknown status
Date: 2021-11-24
Safety and Efficacy of Vaginal Microbiota Transplant (VMT) in Women With Bacterial Vaginosis (BV)
CTID: NCT03769688
Phase: Phase 1    Status: Withdrawn
Date: 2021-11-03
Antibiotics to Reduce Chorioamnionitis-Related Perinatal HIV Transmission
CTID: NCT00021671
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2021-11-01
Helicobacter Pylori Eradication and Follow-up
CTID: NCT05061732
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2021-09-30
High Dose of Dual Therapy Plus Metronidazole for Helicobacter Pylori RescueTreatment
CTID: NCT04024527
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2021-09-28
Metronidazole Ointment in Non-healing Pilonidal Sinus Wounds
CTID: NCT04273997
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Unknown status
Date: 2021-09-22
Antibiotic Combination for H. Pylori Eradication in Penicillin-allergic Patients
CTID: NCT05023577
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Unknown status
Date: 2021-09-14
Topical vs Oral Metronidazole After Benign Anorectal Surgery
CTID: NCT05038605
Phase: N/A    Status: Completed
Date: 2021-09-09
Tetracycline Versus Doxycycline for HP Rescue Therapy
CTID: NCT05018923
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Unknown status
Date: 2021-08-26
PPI-amoxicillin for H. Pylori Treatment
CTID: NCT05014685
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Unknown status
Date: 2021-08-23
Probiotics as Adjuvant Treatment for Bacterial Vaginosis
CTID: NCT03894813
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2021-07-09
Metronidazole Drug Interaction Study With MMX® Mesalazine/Mesalamine
CTID: NCT01418365
Phase: Phase 1    Status: Completed
Date: 2021-06-09
Impact of Non-surgical Periodontal Therapy on Oral and Gut Microbiome
CTID: NCT04580355
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Unknown status
Date: 2021-05-26
Bismuth-containing Quadruple Therapy for Helicobacter Pylori Eradication: A Randomized Clinical Trial of 10 and 14 Days
CTID: NCT04901117
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Unknown status
Date: 2021-05-25
Metronidazole as an Adjunct of Non- Surgical Treatment of Peri-implantitis
CTID: NCT03564301
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2021-04-28
The Effects of Gut Micribiota Disruption on the Immune Response After Open Heart Surgery
CTID: NCT03939273
Phase: N/A    Status: Unknown status
Date: 2021-03-12
Kefazolin Versus Kefazolin Plus Metronidazole to Reduce Postpartum Infection
CTID: NCT04792710
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Unknown status
Date: 2021-03-11
Trial of Antimicrobials Versus Placebo in Addition to Fecal Transplant Therapy in Ulcerative Colitis
CTID: NCT02606032
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Completed
Date: 2021-02-10
Parasitic Infection in Anemic Pregnant Women
CTID: NCT04391998
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Unknown status
Date: 2021-02-09
Oral Metronidazole With Lactobacillus Vaginal Suppositories to Prevent Recurrence of Bacterial Vaginosis
CTID: NCT03099408
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2021-02-01
Comparison of Efficacy of Triple Regimen Based on Clarithromycin VS Metronidazole in Children
CTID: NCT04721704
Phase: N/A    Status: Unknown status
Date: 2021-01-26
Non-invasive Test-guided Tailored Therapy Versus Empiric Treatment for Helicobacter Pylori Infection.
CTID: NCT04107194
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Unknown status
Date: 2021-01-12
Bismuth-Metronidazole Triple Therapy for H. Pylori First-line Treatment
CTID: NCT04667299
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Unknown status
Date: 2020-12-22
Antibiotics as an Adjuvant in Patients With Acute Severe Ulcerative Colitis
CTID: NCT03794765
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Completed
Date: 2020-12-11
Sulopenem Versus Ertapenem for Complicated Intra-abdominal Infection (cIAI)
CTID: NCT03358576
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2020-12-01
Study of Oral Metronidazole on Postoperative Chemotherapy in Colorectal Cancer
CTID: NCT04264676
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2020-11-25
Treatment of Giardia Lamblia Infections in Children
CTID: NCT02942485
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Terminated
Date: 2020-11-18
Quadruple vs Tailored Therapy in the Treatment of Helicobacter Pylori Infection
CTID: NCT04621487
Phase: N/A    Status: Completed
Date: 2020-11-09
Topical Versus Oral Metronidazole Following Excisional Haemorrhoidectomy
CTID: NCT03343509
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2020-11-03
Preoperative Dose of Co-amoxiclav for Prevention of Postoperative Complications in Dentoalveolar Surgery
CTID: NCT03844776
Phase: N/A    Status: Unknown status
Date: 2020-10-06
IMT for Primary Clostridium Difficile Infection
CTID: NCT02301000
Phase: Phase 2/Phase 3    Status: Terminated
Date: 2020-09-22
Effects and Safety of Metronidazole in Patients With Gastrectomy
CTID: NCT01658852
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Withdrawn
Date: 2020-09-21
Intravenous Triple Therapy in the Treatment of Helicobacter Pylori Infection and Related Complications Caused by Active Peptic Ulcer Disease
CTID: NCT04432233
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Unknown status
Date: 2020-08-27
Glycemic Control in T2DM Through Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy
CTID: NCT03343366
Phase: Phase 2/Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2020-08-21
Multi-Center Study of New Medications to Treat Vaginal Infections
CTID: NCT02308007
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2020-08-04
Multi-Center Study of New Medications to Treat Vaginal Infections
CTID: NCT02308033
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2020-07-27
Study of Nitazoxanide (NTZ) for Helicobacter Pylori in Children
CTID: NCT04415983
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2020-06-04
First Line Antimicrobials in Children With Complicated Severe Acute Malnutrition
CTID: NCT03174236
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Un
Comparative study of the efficacy and safety of vaginally applied Dequalinium Chloride (10 mg) and orally applied Metronidazole (2 x 500 mg) in the treatment of bacterial vaginosis
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Prematurely Ended
Date: 2021-03-23
A PROSPECTIVE, RANDOMIZED, OPEN-LABEL, COMPARATIVE STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFICACY, SAFETY AND TOLERABILITY OF AZTREONAM-AVIBACTAM (ATM-AVI) AND BEST AVAILABLE THERAPY FOR THE TREATMENT OF SERIOUS INFECTIONS DUE TO MULTI-DRUG RESISTANT GRAM- NEGATIVE BACTERIA PRODUCING METALLO-Β-LACTAMASE (MBL)
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Ongoing, Prematurely Ended
Date: 2020-07-03
Dequalinium versus usual care antibiotics for the treatment of bacterial vaginosis (DEVA): a multicentre, randomised, open label, non-inferiority trial
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: GB - no longer in EU/EEA
Date: 2020-04-22
“Personalized AZithromycin/metronidAZole, in combination with standard induction therapy, to achieve a fecal microbiome community structure and metagenome changes associated with sustained remission in pediatric Crohn’s Disease (CD): a pilot study”
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Completed
Date: 2020-04-21
Prospective randomised trial of first line treatments of Helicobacter pylori infection in Slovenia
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Ongoing
Date: 2020-03-09
Partial oral antibiotic treatment for bacterial brain abscess: An open-label randomised non-inferiority trial (ORAL)
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Trial now transitioned
Date: 2019-10-02
Mechanical bowel preparation and oral antibiotics versus mechanical bowel preparation only prior rectal surgery - a prospective, randomized controlled trial
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2019-07-11
A Phase 2/3 Open-label, Randomized, Active-controlled Clinical Study to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability, Efficacy and Pharmacokinetics of MK-7655A in Pediatric Participants From Birth to Less Than 18 Years of Age With Confirmed or Suspected Gram-negative Bacterial Infection
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 2, Phase 3    Status: Restarted, Completed
Date: 2019-06-26
Preoperative endoscopic treatment with fosfomycin and metronidazole in patients with right-sided colon cancer and colon adenoma: a clinical proof-of-concept intervention study
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Completed
Date: 2019-03-07
Effects of antibiotics on micobiota, pulmonary immune response and incidence of ventilator-associated infections
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Prematurely Ended
Date: 2019-01-14
A prospective Phase 3, double-blind, multicenter, randomized study of the efficacy and safety of sulopenem followed by sulopenem etzadroxil with probenecid versus ertapenem followed by ciprofloxacin and metronidazole or amoxicillin-clavulanate for treatment of complicated intra-abdominal infections in adults.
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2018-11-23
A randomized, controlled, evaluator-blinded, multi-center study to evaluate LYS228 pharmacokinetics, clinical response, safety, and tolerability in patients with complicated intra-abdominal infection
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Prematurely Ended
Date: 2018-08-08
Optimized treatment for uncomplicated acute appendicitis - active observation with or without antibiotic treatment. A phase IV consecutive clinical treatment trial.
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2018-07-30
The value of post-operative antibiotic therapy after laparoscopic appendectomy for complicated acute appendicitis (other than for generalized peritonitis): a prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled Phase III study.
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Ongoing
Date: 2018-06-05
A Phase 3 Prospective, Randomized, Multicenter, Open-Label, Central Assessor-Blinded, Parallel Group, Comparative Study to Determine the Efficacy, Safety and Tolerability of Aztreonam-Avibactam (ATM-AVI) ±Metronidazole (MTZ) versus Meropenem±Colistin (MER±COL) for the Treatment of Serious Infections due to Gram-Negative Bacteria, Including Metallo-B-Lactamase (MBL) – Producing Multidrug Resistant Pathogens, for Which There Are Limited or No Treatment Options
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Ongoing, Completed
Date: 2018-04-24
Intraperitoneal administration of fosfomycin, metronidazole and molgramostim versus intravenous conventional antibiotics for perforated appendicitis – a pivotal quasi-randomized controlled trial
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Completed
Date: 2018-02-01
Periodontitis treatment in patients with reumatoid arthritis and high clinical activity in the. Randomized clinical trial.
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Temporarily Halted
Date: 2018-01-04
METRONIDAZOLE AS AN ADJUNCT OF NON-SURGICAL TREATMENT OF PERI-IMPLANTITIS: A 6-MONTHS PLACEBO-CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL IN HUMANS.
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Ongoing
Date: 2017-12-14
Adjunctive systemic antimicrobial therapy in the surgical treatment of peri-implantitis. A prospective randomized clinical study
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2017-12-05
A randomised controlled trial to assess the clinical and cost effectiveness of topical lactic acid gel for treating second and subsequent episodes of bacterial vaginosis
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2017-09-09
A Phase 2, Randomized, Active Comparator-Controlled, Multicenter, Double-Blind Clinical Trial to Study the Safety and Efficacy of Ceftolozane/Tazobactam (MK-7625A) Plus Metronidazole Versus Meropenem in Pediatric Subjects with Complicated Intra- Abdominal Infection
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Completed
Date: 2017-08-23
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the usefulness of the probiotic 'Lactobacillus reuteri' in the therapy of quadruple eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection in usual clinical practice
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2017-04-04
Non-inferiority multicentre randomized controlled trial comparing short versus standard course postoperative antibiotic treatment for complex acute appendicitis
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Ongoing
Date: 2017-03-14
Acute appendicitis and microbiota- etiology and effects of the antimicrobial treatment
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Trial now transitioned
Date: 2017-02-23
Antibiotic therapy vs. placebo in the treatment of acute uncomplicated appendicitis: a
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Ongoing
Date: 2016-12-27
Study of the efficacy and safety of treatment with completely lyophilised
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Prematurely Ended
Date: 2016-12-27
Treatment of Giardia lamblia infections in children: randomized open-labeled trial comparing rectal metronidazole with oral tinidazole
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Ongoing
Date: 2016-12-22
SOAP Antibiotic prophylaxis trial
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2016-07-07
The safety and pharmacokinetics of intraperitoneal administration of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, fosfomycin, and metronidazole in patients undergoing appendectomy for uncomplicated appendicitis
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Completed
Date: 2016-06-22
Optimizing the antibiotic treatment of uncomplicated acute appendicitis: a prospective randomized multicenter study
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Trial now transitioned
Date: 2016-03-03
A Phase IIa prospective, open-label, multicenter study to determine the pharmacokinetics (PK) and safety and tolerability of aztreonam-avibactam (ATM-AVI) for the treatment of complicated Intra-Abdominal Infections (cIAIs) in hospitalized adults
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Completed
Date: 2016-02-25
Bowel preparation before bowel resection
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2015-12-11
Manipulating the microbiome in IBD by antibiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT): a randomized controlled trial
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Ongoing
Date: 2015-08-25
Controlled, randomized trial, comparing the efficacy of paromomicin and
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Ongoing
Date: 2015-06-10
Effect of Intravenous Administration of C1-inhibitor on Inflammation and Coagulation after Bronchial Instillation of House Dust Mite Allergen and Lipopolysaccharide in Allergic Asthma Patients
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4 Stat e.querySelector("font strong").innerText = 'View More' } else if(up_display === 'none' || up_display === '') {

生物数据图片
  • Diverse locations of metronidazole-sensitive eukaryotic organisms in a phylogenetic tree constructed by using small ssRNA sequences. Antimicrob Agents Chemother . 1999 Jul;43(7):1533-41.
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