| 规格 | 价格 | 库存 | 数量 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| 25mg |
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| 50mg |
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| 100mg |
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| 250mg |
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| 500mg |
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| Other Sizes |
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| 靶点 |
Plasma Kallikrein (PKK) (Inhibitor, biochemical potency described as approximately 15-fold more potent than C1INH)[1]
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|---|---|
| 体外研究 (In Vitro) |
C1 抑制剂 (C1INH) 是接触激活的主要调节剂,直接抑制 PKK 并阻止 FXIIa 将前激肽释放酶转化为血浆激肽释放酶 (PKK)。遗传性血管性水肿 (HAE) 症状部分是由缓激肽引起的,缓激肽是在 PKK 裂解高分子量激肽原时释放的 [2]。
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| 体内研究 (In Vivo) |
在一项随机、双盲、安慰剂对照、交叉设计的2期临床试验(OPuS-1)中,24名遗传性血管性水肿(HAE)I型或II型患者接受了口服Avoralstat(400 mg,每日三次)或匹配安慰剂治疗,每个治疗期为28天,中间有1周的洗脱期。[1]
与安慰剂相比,Avoralstat治疗显著降低了经裁定的HAE发作的周发生率(0.82 vs. 1.27 次/周;调整后差异 -0.45 次/周,95% CI -0.68 至 -0.23,P < .001)。[1] 28天累积的血管性水肿活动评分在接受Avoralstat治疗的患者中低于安慰剂组(64.5 vs. 97.1;调整后差异 -32.6 分,P = .007)。[1] 与基线相比,Avoralstat治疗组的血管性水肿生活质量总分有所改善(-8.5分),而安慰剂组几乎无变化(-0.6分);调整后差异为-7.9分(P = .004)。[1] |
| 酶活实验 |
一项药效学实验测量了离体血浆激肽释放酶抑制情况。
收集患者血浆样本。在基于微孔板的实验中,通过向血浆样本中添加鞣花酸来激活接触途径。使用荧光人工底物测量生成的激肽释放酶的酰胺水解活性。通过比较给药后样本与给药前基线样本的活性,计算PKK活性的抑制百分比。[1] 使用Emax药代动力学模型描述了Avoralstat的血浆浓度与PKK抑制百分比之间的暴露-反应关系。[1] |
| 药代性质 (ADME/PK) |
Plasma samples for pharmacokinetic analysis were collected from patients on days 1, 7, 14, and 29 during treatment periods.[1]
Plasma concentrations of Avoralstat were measured.[1] Pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated using non-compartmental analysis from data collected over a 3-hour timeframe on day 14.[1] |
| 毒性/毒理 (Toxicokinetics/TK) |
Safety was evaluated through assessments of adverse events (AEs), serious AEs, laboratory tests, vital signs, electrocardiograms, and physical examinations.[1]
All 24 patients reported AEs. 17 patients (71%) experienced AEs during the Avoralstat period and 20 (83%) during the placebo period.[1] AEs occurring in ≥2 subjects and with a higher proportion during Avoralstat treatment included: splenomegaly (13% vs 0%), confusion (8% vs 0%), cold sweats (8% vs 0%), vertigo (8% vs 0%), and dyspepsia (8% vs 4%).[1] Flatulence (42% total) and diarrhea/soft stools (33% total) were reported with similar frequency in both treatment periods.[1] No patient withdrew from the study due to an AE. One serious AE (an angioedema attack) occurred during placebo treatment.[1] |
| 参考文献 |
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| 其他信息 |
Avoralstat has been used in trials studying the prevention of HAE and Hereditary Angioedema.
Avoralstat is an oral small-molecule inhibitor of plasma kallikrein (PKK).[1] It was investigated for the prophylaxis of attacks in patients with hereditary angioedema (HAE) types I and II.[1] The study (OPuS-1) demonstrated that 28 days of treatment with Avoralstat was generally safe, well-tolerated, and significantly reduced HAE attack rates in a severely affected patient population.[1] Avoralstat is described as the first oral prophylaxis drug targeting PKK to be tested in HAE.[1] |
| 分子式 |
C28H27N5O5
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|---|---|
| 分子量 |
513.544486284256
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| 精确质量 |
513.201
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| CAS号 |
918407-35-9
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| PubChem CID |
86566678
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| 外观&性状 |
White to yellow solid powder
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| 密度 |
1.4±0.1 g/cm3
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| 折射率 |
1.673
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| LogP |
0.8
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| tPSA |
168
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| 氢键供体(HBD)数目 |
5
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| 氢键受体(HBA)数目 |
7
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| 可旋转键数目(RBC) |
10
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| 重原子数目 |
38
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| 分子复杂度/Complexity |
900
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| 定义原子立体中心数目 |
0
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| InChi Key |
TUWMKPVJGGWGNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C28H27N5O5/c1-3-16-12-21(26(34)32-18-8-6-17(7-9-18)25(29)30)20(13-23(16)38-2)19-10-11-22(33-24(19)28(36)37)27(35)31-14-15-4-5-15/h3,6-13,15H,1,4-5,14H2,2H3,(H3,29,30)(H,31,35)(H,32,34)(H,36,37)
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| 化学名 |
3-{2-[(4-carbamimidoylphenyl)carbamoyl]-4-ethenyl-5-methoxyphenyl}-6-[(cyclopropylmethyl)carbamoyl]pyridine-2-carboxylic acid
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| 别名 |
BCX-4161; BCX 4161; BCX4161
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| 存储方式 |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| 运输条件 |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| 溶解度 (体外实验) |
DMSO : ~50 mg/mL (~97.36 mM)
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|---|---|
| 溶解度 (体内实验) |
配方 1 中的溶解度: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (4.87 mM) (饱和度未知) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (这些助溶剂从左到右依次添加,逐一添加), 澄清溶液。
例如,若需制备1 mL的工作液,可将100 μL 25.0 mg/mL澄清DMSO储备液加入到400 μL PEG300中,混匀;然后向上述溶液中加入50 μL Tween-80,混匀;加入450 μL生理盐水定容至1 mL。 *生理盐水的制备:将 0.9 g 氯化钠溶解在 100 mL ddH₂O中,得到澄清溶液。 配方 2 中的溶解度: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (4.87 mM) (饱和度未知) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (这些助溶剂从左到右依次添加,逐一添加), 澄清溶液。 例如,若需制备1 mL的工作液,可将 100 μL 25.0 mg/mL 澄清 DMSO 储备液加入到 900 μL 玉米油中并混合均匀。 请根据您的实验动物和给药方式选择适当的溶解配方/方案: 1、请先配制澄清的储备液(如:用DMSO配置50 或 100 mg/mL母液(储备液)); 2、取适量母液,按从左到右的顺序依次添加助溶剂,澄清后再加入下一助溶剂。以 下列配方为例说明 (注意此配方只用于说明,并不一定代表此产品 的实际溶解配方): 10% DMSO → 40% PEG300 → 5% Tween-80 → 45% ddH2O (或 saline); 假设最终工作液的体积为 1 mL, 浓度为5 mg/mL: 取 100 μL 50 mg/mL 的澄清 DMSO 储备液加到 400 μL PEG300 中,混合均匀/澄清;向上述体系中加入50 μL Tween-80,混合均匀/澄清;然后继续加入450 μL ddH2O (或 saline)定容至 1 mL; 3、溶剂前显示的百分比是指该溶剂在最终溶液/工作液中的体积所占比例; 4、 如产品在配制过程中出现沉淀/析出,可通过加热(≤50℃)或超声的方式助溶; 5、为保证最佳实验结果,工作液请现配现用! 6、如不确定怎么将母液配置成体内动物实验的工作液,请查看说明书或联系我们; 7、 以上所有助溶剂都可在 Invivochem.cn网站购买。 |
| 制备储备液 | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 1.9473 mL | 9.7363 mL | 19.4727 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.3895 mL | 1.9473 mL | 3.8945 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1947 mL | 0.9736 mL | 1.9473 mL |
1、根据实验需要选择合适的溶剂配制储备液 (母液):对于大多数产品,InvivoChem推荐用DMSO配置母液 (比如:5、10、20mM或者10、20、50 mg/mL浓度),个别水溶性高的产品可直接溶于水。产品在DMSO 、水或其他溶剂中的具体溶解度详见上”溶解度 (体外)”部分;
2、如果您找不到您想要的溶解度信息,或者很难将产品溶解在溶液中,请联系我们;
3、建议使用下列计算器进行相关计算(摩尔浓度计算器、稀释计算器、分子量计算器、重组计算器等);
4、母液配好之后,将其分装到常规用量,并储存在-20°C或-80°C,尽量减少反复冻融循环。
计算结果:
工作液浓度: mg/mL;
DMSO母液配制方法: mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液(母液浓度 mg/mL)。如该浓度超过该批次药物DMSO溶解度,请首先与我们联系。
体内配方配制方法:取 μL DMSO母液,加入 μL PEG300,混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80,混匀澄清后加入 μL ddH2O,混匀澄清。
(1) 请确保溶液澄清之后,再加入下一种溶剂 (助溶剂) 。可利用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等方法助溶;
(2) 一定要按顺序加入溶剂 (助溶剂) 。