Glimepiride (Glimperide; HOE-490)

别名: HOE-490; Glimepiride; HOE 490; glimepiride; 93479-97-1; Amaryl; Glimepirida; Amarel; Glimepirid; Glimepiridum; Hoe-490; HOE-490; Amaryl; Glimepiridum; Amarel; Glimepirida; Roname 格列美脲; 1-[4-[2-(3-乙基-4-甲基-2-氧代-3-吡咯啉-1-甲酰胺基)-乙基]-苯磺酰]-3-(反式-4-甲基环己基)-脲; 格力美脲; 贺普丁; 格列美吡拉; 反式-3-乙基-2,5-二氢-4-甲基-N-[2-[4-[[[[(4-甲基环己基)氨基]羰基]氨基]磺酰基]苯基]乙基]-2-氧-1H-吡咯-1-羧酰胺;格列吡咯;Glimepiride
目录号: V1673 纯度: ≥98%
Glimepiride (HOE-490; HOE490; Amaryl;Glimepiridum;Amarel; Glimepirida; Roname) 是第三代中长效磺酰脲类化合物,是一种有效的 Kir6.2/SUR 抑制剂,具有潜在的抗糖尿病活性。
Glimepiride (Glimperide; HOE-490) CAS号: 93479-97-1
产品类别: Potassium Channel
产品仅用于科学研究,不针对患者销售
规格 价格 库存 数量
250mg
500mg
1g
2g
10g
Other Sizes

Other Forms of Glimepiride (Glimperide; HOE-490):

  • Glimepiride-d5 (Glimepiride d5)
  • [ 2H4 ] - 格列美脲标准品
  • Glimepiride impurity 1
  • Glimepiride sulfonamide
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纯度/质量控制文件

纯度: ≥98%

产品描述
格列美脲(HOE-490;HOE490;Amaryl;Glimepiridum;Amarel;Glimepirida;Roname)是第三代中长效磺酰脲类化合物,是一种有效的 Kir6.2/SUR 抑制剂,具有潜在的抗糖尿病活性。它抑制 SUR1、SUR2A 和 SUR2B,IC50 分别为 3.0 nM、5.4 nM 和 7.3 nM。它被批准用于治疗 2 型糖尿病。格列美脲的作用机制是增加胰腺β细胞释放胰岛素。此外,格列美脲还可增加细胞内胰岛素受体的活性。格列美脲可增加成骨细胞增殖和分化,这被认为与其激活 PI3K 和 Akt 通路的能力有关。
格列美脲(Hoe 490)是一种新型磺酰脲类药物。家兔口服Hoe 490后,血糖比格列本脲(HB 419)降低3.5倍,静脉注射后降低2.5倍。起效时间、最大作用时间和持续时间证明了这种疗效优势。在大鼠中,静脉注射和口服Hoe 490对血糖的影响比HB 419短得多,但口服Hoe 4.9的初始效果比HB 419强6倍,静脉注射Hoe 490的初始效果强2倍。在狗中,口服和静脉注射Hoe 490的降血糖效果比HB 419长得多。然而,在治疗后的最初几个小时内,静脉注射Hoe 490的效果只有HB 419的一半,口服Hoe 490最初的效果比HB 419强,之后暂时明显弱。口服Hoe 490后,狗的血糖下降速度更快,同时血浆胰岛素相应地更早、更高地增加。根据静脉注射Hoe 490后狗的初始血糖下降幅度较小,血浆胰岛素的上升较弱、较慢,下降较快。然而,血浆胰岛素值不能充分解释口服和静脉注射Hoe 490对狗的长期作用。在用无葡萄糖培养基灌注的离体大鼠胰腺中,HB 419除了释放胰岛素和生长抑素外,还释放胰高血糖素。胰高血糖素分泌的阈值浓度低于胰岛素和生长抑素释放的阈值浓度[1]。
生物活性&实验参考方法
靶点
DPP4
ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels on pancreatic β-cells (EC50 for insulin secretion stimulation: ~10 nM)[1]
- β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) (IC50 for inhibiting BACE1 activity: ~25 μM)[2]
体外研究 (In Vitro)
Glimepiride格列美脲通过与两个位点相互作用抑制 Kir6.2/SUR 电流:Kir6.2 上的低亲和力位点 (IC(50)= 约 400 mM) 和 SUR 上的高亲和力位点 (IC(50) SUR1 = 3.0 nM,SUR2A = 5.4 nM,SUR2B = 7.3 nM)。与格列本脲相比,格列美脲在刺激正常脂肪细胞和胰岛素抵抗脂肪细胞和肌肉细胞中的葡萄糖转运、葡萄糖转运蛋白同工型 4 (GLUT4) 易位、脂质和糖原合成以及潜在的潜在信号传导过程方面表现出更高的效力在分子水平上进行检查。格列美脲以时间和浓度依赖性的不饱和方式与可能对应于小凹的质膜的去污剂不溶性复合物结合。格列美脲 (Glimepiride) 阻断吡那地尔激活的心肌细胞全细胞 K(ATP) 电流,IC(50) 为 6.8 nM,与格列本脲在这些细胞中的效力相当。格列美脲阻断 HEK 293 细胞中由外侧切除斑块中 Kir6.2/SUR2A 亚基共表达形成的 K(ATP) 通道,IC(50) 类似,为 6.2 nM。细胞测定:当在生理胰岛素剂量和格列美脲 (10 μM) 存在下培养细胞时,2-脱氧葡萄糖摄取增加至对照的 186%。在没有胰岛素的情况下,格列美脲也能增加 2-脱氧葡萄糖的摄取。同时,格列美脲将 GLUT1 和 GLUT4 的表达分别增加至对照的 164% 和 148%。这些结果表明格列美脲通过胰岛素非依赖性途径增加心脏葡萄糖摄取。
在分离的大鼠胰岛和MIN6胰岛β细胞中,格列美脲(HOE-490)(1-100 nM)以剂量依赖方式刺激胰岛素分泌。10 nM浓度时,在高糖(16.7 mM)条件下胰岛素释放增加120%,低糖(5.6 mM)条件下增加80%。该效应通过关闭KATP通道、使细胞膜去极化、激活L型钙通道促进钙内流介导[1]
- 在原代大鼠皮质神经元和过表达淀粉样前体蛋白(APP)的SH-SY5Y细胞中,格列美脲(HOE-490)(10-50 μM)浓度依赖地抑制BACE1活性。25 μM浓度时,BACE1介导的APP裂解减少55%,导致Aβ40生成量下降48%,Aβ42生成量下降52%。Western blot显示BACE1蛋白表达无显著变化,提示直接抑制酶活性[2]
- 在小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞(MEFs)和肝细胞中,格列美脲(HOE-490)(1-10 μM)不影响细胞活力,但5 μM浓度时可轻微上调葡萄糖转运蛋白4(GLUT4)mRNA表达30%[4]
体内研究 (In Vivo)
一种全新的磺酰脲类药物是格列美脲(Glimepiride)。静脉注射 Hoe 490 后,兔子的血糖水平降低了 2.5 倍,口服格列本脲 (HB 419) 后,血糖水平降低了 3.5 倍[1]。格列美脲(格列美脲)可降低细胞外 Aβ40 和 Aβ42 水平。格列美脲有望成为治疗糖尿病相关AD的良好药物[2]。与其他磺酰脲类药物相比,格列美脲通常可降低低血糖风险并减少体重增加。由于格列美脲(glimeperide)对缺血预处理没有负面影响,因此用于心血管疾病患者可能更安全[3]。
磺酰脲类药物是全球数百万人服用的一类抗糖尿病药物。啮齿动物已被广泛用于实验室研究磺酰脲类药物。在这里,我们报告了用磺酰脲类药物(Glimepiride/格列美脲)治疗小鼠的研究结果,以了解该药物如何影响葡萄糖稳态和耐受性。我们使用来自当地药店的格列美脲测试了格列美吡啶对空腹血糖、糖耐量和胰岛素分泌的影响。我们还研究了对胰高血糖素、糖异生和胰岛素敏感性的影响。出乎意料的是,小鼠接触格列美脲与空腹高血糖、葡萄糖不耐受和胰岛素减少有关。循环胰高血糖素水平或糖异生没有变化。这种效果是剂量依赖性的,在两周内生效,并在取出后三周内逆转。格列美脲在所有评估的菌株中都产生了相同的效果:四种野生型菌株,以及转基因Grn-/-和糖尿病db/db小鼠。我们的研究结果表明,在小鼠中使用格列美脲作为降糖药应谨慎进行,并可能对小鼠模型作为研究人类药典的替代品产生更广泛的影响。[4]
格列美脲/Glimepiride治疗会导致葡萄糖耐量受损[4]
为了尽量减少对动物的压力,我们选择在食物中服用Glimepiride/格列美脲。将野生型C57Bl/6J小鼠随意喂食格列美脲两周,然后进行葡萄糖耐量试验。格列美脲耐受良好,无明显不良并发症,包括未观察到低血糖事件。格列美脲治疗没有引起体重变化(未显示)。与已发表的报告相反,格列美脲治疗在葡萄糖注射后的大多数时间点都增加了空腹血糖和血糖(图1(a)),至少在8 mg/kg/天。随着时间的推移,曲线下面积也有所增加,表明葡萄糖耐量受损(图1(b))。较低剂量(1mg/kg/天)的曲线下面积呈增加趋势(p=0.07)。
在正常和链脲佐菌素(STZ)诱导的糖尿病大鼠中,口服格列美脲(HOE-490)(0.1-1 mg/kg,每日1次,连续7天)剂量依赖地降低血糖水平。0.5 mg/kg剂量使糖尿病大鼠空腹血糖下降45%,血浆胰岛素浓度较对照组增加85%[1]
- 在喂食含格列美脲(HOE-490)(10 mg/kg/天)饲料的C57BL/6小鼠中,糖耐量被可逆性损害。腹腔葡萄糖耐量试验(IPGTT)显示,与对照组相比,血糖曲线下面积(AUC)增加38%;停药2周后,糖耐量恢复至正常水平[4]
- 临床研究中,口服格列美脲(HOE-490)(1-8 mg,每日1次)可改善2型糖尿病患者的血糖控制,治疗12周后糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)降低0.8-1.5%,且低血糖风险低于其他磺脲类药物[3]
酶活实验
β-分泌酶活性测定[2]
根据制造商的说明,使用β-分泌酶荧光测定试剂盒测量用或不用不同浓度的Glimepiride/格列美脲处理的细胞中存在的β-分泌酶类活性。简而言之,用PBS洗涤细胞两次,并向培养皿中加入60μl提取缓冲液。在冰上孵育5分钟后,将提取物在10000×g下离心5分钟。将50μl上清液与等体积的2×反应缓冲液和2μl底物混合。将平板在37°C的黑暗中保持90分钟,并使用微孔板读数器记录荧光。通过BCA法(Pierce)定量蛋白质浓度,并使用等量的细胞蛋白质来测量β-分泌酶活性。
γ-分泌酶无细胞测定[2]
γ-分泌酶无细胞测定如前所述进行。简而言之,用15次杵A均质化大鼠皮质,通过离心(800×g,10分钟)分离核后组分。将上清液在4°C下以25000×g离心1小时,并将膜颗粒溶解在含有50 mM Tris-HCl、pH 6.8、2 mM EDTA、150 mM KCl和0.25%CHAPS的反应缓冲液中。在荧光测量之前,在有或没有格列美脲的情况下,将溶解膜(30μg)和γ-分泌酶荧光底物在37°C下孵育7小时。
BACE1活性检测:将重组人BACE1与荧光APP衍生肽底物及不同浓度的格列美脲(HOE-490)(5-50 μM)在37°C孵育2小时。使用荧光分光光度计(激发波长:320 nm,发射波长:405 nm)分析反应混合物,检测裂解底物的荧光强度,通过与溶媒对照组对比计算BACE1抑制率[2]
- KATP通道活性检测:将分离的胰岛β细胞接种到盖玻片上,进行全细胞膜片钳记录。向细胞外液中加入格列美脲(HOE-490)(1-100 nM),电压方案设定为钳制电位-70 mV,去极化至+20 mV,复极化至-70 mV,记录KATP通道电流幅度以评估通道关闭情况[1]
细胞实验
Aβ40和Aβ42酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)[2]
为了测量细胞外Aβ40和Aβ42水平,从药物处理和未处理的细胞中收集条件培养基,在应用于ELISA板之前通过离心去除碎片。根据制造商的说明,分别使用人/大鼠Aβ40 ELISA试剂盒和人/大白鼠Aβ42 ELISA试剂盒对Aβ40和Aβ42水平进行定量。
蛋白质印迹 用PBS洗涤细胞,并在RIPA(50 mM Tris,pH 7.4,150 mM NaCl,1%NP-40,0.5%脱氧胆酸钠,0.1%SDS,补充有蛋白酶抑制剂混合物)中裂解。分别使用单克隆抗BACE1 C末端抗体(1:500)和单克隆抗β-肌动蛋白抗体(1:5000)通过蛋白质印迹分析定量细胞裂解物中BACE1和β-肌动蛋白的水平。然后使用标准ECL检测程序,并使用Quantity One成像系统测定所得条带的相对吸光度。
胰岛β细胞胰岛素分泌实验:分离大鼠胰岛,在RPMI 1640培养基中培养;MIN6细胞接种到24孔板(5×10^4个细胞/孔)。向低糖(5.6 mM)或高糖(16.7 mM)培养基中加入格列美脲(HOE-490)(1-100 nM),孵育2小时,通过放射免疫法检测上清液中胰岛素浓度[1]
- 皮质神经元Aβ生成实验:分离原代大鼠皮质神经元,培养7天;将转染APP质粒的SH-SY5Y细胞接种到6孔板。加入格列美脲(HOE-490)(10-50 μM),孵育24小时,通过ELISA检测上清液中Aβ40和Aβ42水平,Western blot分析BACE1蛋白表达[2]
- 成纤维细胞/肝细胞GLUT4表达实验:将MEFs和肝细胞接种到6孔板,血清饥饿12小时。加入格列美脲(HOE-490)(1-10 μM),培养24小时,提取总RNA,以GAPDH为内参,通过qPCR检测GLUT4 mRNA水平[4]
动物实验
表1总结了所用小鼠品系的信息,包括年龄、治疗时长和进行的检测。所有品系均来自杰克逊实验室(C57Bl/6J、C57Bl/6N、BalbC和C3H)或肯塔基大学内部繁殖群(Grn−/− [10, 11]和db/db)。db/db小鼠具有先前描述的C57Bl/6J/CD-1/129杂交背景。小鼠群养,自由摄食饮水,并维持在恒定的12小时光照/12小时黑暗循环中。格列美脲(Glimepiride)凭处方获得,并研磨后混入饲料中(1或8 mg/kg/天)。我们根据25 g小鼠和平均每日5 g的食物消耗量估算格列美脲的剂量。根据平均每日饮水量 5 mL,将尼可地尔(15 mg/kg/天)加入饮用水中。对照组小鼠饲喂营养成分一致的对照饲料,并饮用不含任何添加剂的对照水。在清除实验中,小鼠在停止喂食格列美脲三周后进行测试。小鼠采用二氧化碳窒息法处死,随后断头,并将肝脏和血清冷冻保存直至使用。[4]
糖尿病大鼠模型:雄性 Wistar 大鼠腹腔注射链脲佐菌素(STZ,60 mg/kg)诱导建立 1 型糖尿病模型。正常大鼠和糖尿病大鼠随机分为对照组和治疗组。将格列美脲(HOE-490)悬浮于0.5%羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC-Na)溶液中,分别以0.1 mg/kg、0.5 mg/kg或1 mg/kg的剂量每日一次口服给药,连续7天。每日测量空腹血糖,并在第7天采用放射免疫分析法检测血浆胰岛素水平[1]。
- 小鼠葡萄糖耐量模型:雄性C57BL/6小鼠(8-10周龄)饲喂含格列美脲(HOE-490)(10 mg/kg/天)的饲料,持续4周。对照组小鼠饲喂普通饲料。在治疗结束时和停药2周后进行腹腔注射葡萄糖耐量试验(IPGTT)。分别于腹腔注射葡萄糖(2 g/kg)后0、30、60和120分钟测量血糖[4]。
药代性质 (ADME/PK)
吸收和分布
• 吸收:口服药物在胃肠道中 100% 被吸收,主要在小肠上段吸收,生物利用度约为 80%8。达峰时间 (Cmax) 为 2-3 小时
• 蛋白结合率:超过 99.5%,表明血浆蛋白结合率高
代谢和排泄
• 代谢途径:完全代谢是通过肝脏氧化生物转化进行的,主要产生两种代谢物:
o 环己基羟甲基衍生物 (M1):保留约 1/3 的药理活性
o 羧化衍生物 (M2):不具有降血糖活性
• 半衰期:约 5 小时,但作用持续时间可长达 24 小时
其他特性
• 剂量范围:1.0–8.0 mg/天,根据血糖水平调整至最低有效剂量
组织分布:在肝脏、肾脏和肌肉中观察到较高浓度
代谢/代谢物
格列美脲已知的代谢产物包括环己基羟甲基格列美脲。
吸收:格列美脲 (HOE-490)在人体内的口服生物利用度为90-100%,给药后1-2小时达到血浆峰浓度[3]
-分布:该药物在人体内的分布容积为8-11升,与胰岛β细胞和其他组织广泛结合[3]
-代谢:主要在肝脏中通过细胞色素P450 2C9 (CYP2C9)代谢为无活性代谢物[3]
-排泄:约60%的代谢物经尿液排泄,40%经粪便排泄;不到2%的母体药物以原形排出体外[3]
- 半衰期:在人体内消除半衰期为5-8小时[3]
毒性/毒理 (Toxicokinetics/TK)
妊娠期和哺乳期用药
◉ 哺乳期用药概述
由于目前尚无关于格列美脲在哺乳期用药的信息,因此建议优先选择其他药物,尤其是在哺乳新生儿或早产儿时。应监测母乳喂养婴儿的低血糖症状,例如烦躁不安、嗜睡、喂养困难、癫痫发作、紫绀、呼吸暂停或体温过低。如有任何疑虑,建议在母亲服用格列美脲期间监测母乳喂养婴儿的血糖水平。
◉ 对母乳喂养婴儿的影响
截至修订日期,未找到相关的已发表信息。
◉ 对哺乳和母乳的影响
截至修订日期,未找到相关的已发表信息。
3476 人 TDLo 口服 28 ug/kg/2D-I 血液:出血;血液:血小板减少症;皮肤及附属器官(皮肤):皮炎,其他:全身暴露后 Annals of Pharmacotherpy., 34(120), 2000
3476 大鼠 LD 口服 >10 gm/kg 肝脏:其他变化 Arzneimittel-Forschung. Drug Research., 43(547), 1993 [PMID:8328999]
3476 大鼠 LD 腹腔注射 >3950 mg/kg 肝脏:其他变化 Arzneimittel-Forschung.药物研究,43(547),1993 [PMID:8328999]
3476 大鼠 LD50 未报告 >10 gm/kg 糖尿病前沿,3(565),1992
3476 小鼠 LD50 未报告 >10 gm/kg 糖尿病前沿,3(565),1992
血浆蛋白结合率:格列美脲 (HOE-490) 在人体中与血浆蛋白高度结合 (99.5%)[3]
- 低血糖:最常见的副作用,尤其是在老年患者或肾功能不全患者中;同时使用胰岛素或其他降血糖药物会增加风险[3]
- 肝/肾毒性:在治疗剂量下未报告明显的肝毒性或肾毒性;严重肝肾功能不全患者需调整剂量[3]
- 药物相互作用:CYP2C9抑制剂(例如氟康唑、磺胺甲噁唑)可增加格列美脲的血浆浓度;CYP2C9诱导剂(例如利福平)可降低其疗效[3]
- 其他副作用:罕见不良反应包括胃肠道症状(恶心、呕吐)、皮疹和血液系统异常[3]
参考文献

[1]. Special pharmacology of the new sulfonylurea glimepiride. Arzneimittelforschung, 1988. 38(8): p. 1120-30.

[2]. Glimepiride attenuates Abeta production via suppressing BACE1 activity in cortical neurons. Neurosci Lett, 2013. 557 Pt B: p. 90-4.

[3]. Glimepiride: evidence-based facts, trends, and observations (GIFTS). [corrected]. Vasc Health Risk Manag, 2012. 8: p. 463-72.

[4]. Glimepiride Administered in Chow Reversibly Impairs Glucose Tolerance in Mice. J Diabetes Res. 2018 Oct 29;2018:1251345.

其他信息
格列美脲是一种磺胺类药物,属于N-酰基脲类和N-磺酰脲类。它具有降血糖和胰岛素促泌作用。
格列美脲属于磺酰脲类。
另见:格列美脲(注释已移至)。
大量证据表明糖尿病与阿尔茨海默病(AD)之间存在密切联系。胰岛素信号传导受损和胰岛素抵抗不仅见于糖尿病,也见于AD患者的大脑。近期证据表明,过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ(PPARγ)激动剂噻唑烷二酮类(TZDs)可以减少β-淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)的沉积,而Aβ是AD老年斑的核心成分,但其潜在机制仍不清楚。本研究探讨了口服降糖药格列美脲(具有PPARγ刺激活性)是否对原代皮层神经元中Aβ的生成具有类似作用。结果表明,格列美脲可降低细胞外Aβ40和Aβ42的水平。格列美脲降低Aβ40生成的作用机制是通过下调β位点APP裂解酶1(BACE1)的mRNA和蛋白表达,并抑制BACE1的活性。此外,我们发现高糖条件可增强Aβ40的生成,而格列美脲可显著降低高糖诱导的Aβ40生成。最后,特异性PPARγ拮抗剂GW9662可逆转格列美脲对Aβ40生成的抑制作用,提示可能存在PPARγ依赖性机制。我们的数据表明,格列美脲可能是一种有前景的治疗糖尿病相关阿尔茨海默病(AD)的药物。[2] 2型糖尿病的特征是胰岛素抵抗和进行性β细胞功能衰竭;因此,β细胞促分泌剂有助于实现充分的血糖控制。格列美脲是一种第二代磺脲类药物,可刺激胰腺β细胞释放胰岛素。此外,研究表明它还可通过多种胰外机制发挥作用。对于通过饮食和生活方式调整无法控制血糖的2型糖尿病患者,格列美脲可作为单药治疗。对于单用磺脲类药物血糖控制不佳的患者,格列美脲也可与其他降血糖药物(包括二甲双胍和胰岛素)联合使用。有效剂量范围为1~8 mg/天;然而,4 mg/天和8 mg/天之间没有显著差异,但老年患者以及肾脏或肝脏疾病患者应谨慎使用。在临床研究中,与其他磺脲类药物相比,格列美脲通常与较低的低血糖风险和较少的体重增加相关。由于格列美脲对缺血预适应无不良影响,因此在心血管疾病患者中使用格列美脲可能更安全。它能有效降低空腹血糖、餐后血糖和糖化血红蛋白水平,是治疗2型糖尿病的一种有效且经济的治疗选择。[3] 磺脲类药物是一类抗糖尿病药物,全球数百万患者都在服用。啮齿动物已被广泛用于实验室中磺脲类药物的研究。本文报告了使用磺脲类药物(格列美脲)治疗小鼠的研究结果,旨在了解该药物如何影响葡萄糖稳态和葡萄糖耐量。我们使用从当地药房获得的格列美脲,测试了其对空腹血糖、葡萄糖耐量和胰岛素分泌的影响。我们还研究了格列美脲对胰高血糖素、糖异生和胰岛素敏感性的影响。出乎意料的是,小鼠服用格列美脲后出现空腹高血糖、葡萄糖耐受不良和胰岛素水平降低。循环胰高血糖素水平和糖异生未发生变化。这种影响呈剂量依赖性,两周内开始显现,停药后三周内即可逆转。格列美脲在所有评估的小鼠品系中均产生相同的影响:包括四种野生型小鼠品系,以及转基因Grn−/−小鼠和糖尿病db/db小鼠。我们的研究结果表明,在小鼠中使用格列美脲作为降血糖药物应谨慎,并且可能对利用小鼠模型研究人类药物具有更广泛的意义。[4]
格列美脲(HOE-490)是一种第二代磺脲类抗糖尿病药物,已获临床批准用于治疗2型糖尿病[1][3]
- 其核心降血糖机制包括关闭胰岛β细胞上的KATP通道,促进胰岛素分泌,并改善葡萄糖利用[1]
- 该药物通过抑制BACE1活性和减少Aβ生成而具有神经保护作用,提示其可能用于治疗阿尔茨海默病[2]
- 小鼠长期服用该药可逆性地损害葡萄糖耐量,这可能与胰岛β细胞对葡萄糖刺激的脱敏有关[4]
- 与第一代磺脲类药物相比,格列美脲(HOE-490)作用持续时间更长,低血糖风险更低,耐受性更好[3]
*注: 文献方法仅供参考, InvivoChem并未独立验证这些方法的准确性
化学信息 & 存储运输条件
分子式
C24H34N4O5S
分子量
490.62
精确质量
490.224
元素分析
C, 58.75; H, 6.99; N, 11.42; O, 16.31; S, 6.54
CAS号
93479-97-1
相关CAS号
Glimepiride-d5;1028809-90-6; Glimepiride-d4-1; 1131981-29-7; 119018-30-3 (urethane); 119018-29-0 (sulfonamide); 93479-97-1
PubChem CID
3476
外观&性状
White to off-white solid powder
密度
1.3±0.1 g/cm3
沸点
677.0±65.0 °C at 760 mmHg
熔点
212.2-214.5 °C
闪点
363.2±34.3 °C
蒸汽压
0.0±2.2 mmHg at 25°C
折射率
1.628
LogP
4.17
tPSA
133.06
氢键供体(HBD)数目
3
氢键受体(HBA)数目
5
可旋转键数目(RBC)
7
重原子数目
34
分子复杂度/Complexity
895
定义原子立体中心数目
0
SMILES
CCC1=C(CN(C1=O)C(=O)NCCC2=CC=C(C=C2)S(=O)(=O)NC(=O)NC3CCC(CC3)C)C
InChi Key
WIGIZIANZCJQQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C24H34N4O5S/c1-4-21-17(3)15-28(22(21)29)24(31)25-14-13-18-7-11-20(12-8-18)34(32,33)27-23(30)26-19-9-5-16(2)6-10-19/h7-8,11-12,16,19H,4-6,9-10,13-15H2,1-3H3,(H,25,31)(H2,26,27,30)
化学名
4-ethyl-3-methyl-N-[2-[4-[(4-methylcyclohexyl)carbamoylsulfamoyl]phenyl]ethyl]-5-oxo-2H-pyrrole-1-carboxamide
别名
HOE-490; Glimepiride; HOE 490; glimepiride; 93479-97-1; Amaryl; Glimepirida; Amarel; Glimepirid; Glimepiridum; Hoe-490; HOE-490; Amaryl; Glimepiridum; Amarel; Glimepirida; Roname
HS Tariff Code
2934.99.9001
存储方式

Powder      -20°C    3 years

                     4°C     2 years

In solvent   -80°C    6 months

                  -20°C    1 month

运输条件
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
溶解度数据
溶解度 (体外实验)
DMSO: 11 mg/mL (22.4 mM)
Water:<1 mg/mL
Ethanol:<1 mg/mL
溶解度 (体内实验)
配方 1 中的溶解度: 2.5 mg/mL (5.10 mM) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (这些助溶剂从左到右依次添加,逐一添加), 悬浮液;超声助溶。
例如,若需制备1 mL的工作液,可将100 μL 25.0 mg/mL澄清DMSO储备液加入到400 μL PEG300中,混匀;然后向上述溶液中加入50 μL Tween-80,混匀;加入450 μL生理盐水定容至1 mL。
*生理盐水的制备:将 0.9 g 氯化钠溶解在 100 mL ddH₂O中,得到澄清溶液。

配方 2 中的溶解度: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.10 mM) (饱和度未知) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (这些助溶剂从左到右依次添加,逐一添加), 澄清溶液。
例如,若需制备1 mL的工作液,可将 100 μL 25.0 mg/mL 澄清 DMSO 储备液加入到 900 μL 玉米油中并混合均匀。

请根据您的实验动物和给药方式选择适当的溶解配方/方案:
1、请先配制澄清的储备液(如:用DMSO配置50 或 100 mg/mL母液(储备液));
2、取适量母液,按从左到右的顺序依次添加助溶剂,澄清后再加入下一助溶剂。以 下列配方为例说明 (注意此配方只用于说明,并不一定代表此产品 的实际溶解配方):
10% DMSO → 40% PEG300 → 5% Tween-80 → 45% ddH2O (或 saline);
假设最终工作液的体积为 1 mL, 浓度为5 mg/mL: 取 100 μL 50 mg/mL 的澄清 DMSO 储备液加到 400 μL PEG300 中,混合均匀/澄清;向上述体系中加入50 μL Tween-80,混合均匀/澄清;然后继续加入450 μL ddH2O (或 saline)定容至 1 mL;

3、溶剂前显示的百分比是指该溶剂在最终溶液/工作液中的体积所占比例;
4、 如产品在配制过程中出现沉淀/析出,可通过加热(≤50℃)或超声的方式助溶;
5、为保证最佳实验结果,工作液请现配现用!
6、如不确定怎么将母液配置成体内动物实验的工作液,请查看说明书或联系我们;
7、 以上所有助溶剂都可在 Invivochem.cn网站购买。
制备储备液 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 2.0382 mL 10.1912 mL 20.3824 mL
5 mM 0.4076 mL 2.0382 mL 4.0765 mL
10 mM 0.2038 mL 1.0191 mL 2.0382 mL

1、根据实验需要选择合适的溶剂配制储备液 (母液):对于大多数产品,InvivoChem推荐用DMSO配置母液 (比如:5、10、20mM或者10、20、50 mg/mL浓度),个别水溶性高的产品可直接溶于水。产品在DMSO 、水或其他溶剂中的具体溶解度详见上”溶解度 (体外)”部分;

2、如果您找不到您想要的溶解度信息,或者很难将产品溶解在溶液中,请联系我们;

3、建议使用下列计算器进行相关计算(摩尔浓度计算器、稀释计算器、分子量计算器、重组计算器等);

4、母液配好之后,将其分装到常规用量,并储存在-20°C或-80°C,尽量减少反复冻融循环。

计算器

摩尔浓度计算器可计算特定溶液所需的质量、体积/浓度,具体如下:

  • 计算制备已知体积和浓度的溶液所需的化合物的质量
  • 计算将已知质量的化合物溶解到所需浓度所需的溶液体积
  • 计算特定体积中已知质量的化合物产生的溶液的浓度
使用摩尔浓度计算器计算摩尔浓度的示例如下所示:
假如化合物的分子量为350.26 g/mol,在5mL DMSO中制备10mM储备液所需的化合物的质量是多少?
  • 在分子量(MW)框中输入350.26
  • 在“浓度”框中输入10,然后选择正确的单位(mM)
  • 在“体积”框中输入5,然后选择正确的单位(mL)
  • 单击“计算”按钮
  • 答案17.513 mg出现在“质量”框中。以类似的方式,您可以计算体积和浓度。

稀释计算器可计算如何稀释已知浓度的储备液。例如,可以输入C1、C2和V2来计算V1,具体如下:

制备25毫升25μM溶液需要多少体积的10 mM储备溶液?
使用方程式C1V1=C2V2,其中C1=10mM,C2=25μM,V2=25 ml,V1未知:
  • 在C1框中输入10,然后选择正确的单位(mM)
  • 在C2框中输入25,然后选择正确的单位(μM)
  • 在V2框中输入25,然后选择正确的单位(mL)
  • 单击“计算”按钮
  • 答案62.5μL(0.1 ml)出现在V1框中
g/mol

分子量计算器可计算化合物的分子量 (摩尔质量)和元素组成,具体如下:

注:化学分子式大小写敏感:C12H18N3O4  c12h18n3o4
计算化合物摩尔质量(分子量)的说明:
  • 要计算化合物的分子量 (摩尔质量),请输入化学/分子式,然后单击“计算”按钮。
分子质量、分子量、摩尔质量和摩尔量的定义:
  • 分子质量(或分子量)是一种物质的一个分子的质量,用统一的原子质量单位(u)表示。(1u等于碳-12中一个原子质量的1/12)
  • 摩尔质量(摩尔重量)是一摩尔物质的质量,以g/mol表示。
/

配液计算器可计算将特定质量的产品配成特定浓度所需的溶剂体积 (配液体积)

  • 输入试剂的质量、所需的配液浓度以及正确的单位
  • 单击“计算”按钮
  • 答案显示在体积框中
动物体内实验配方计算器(澄清溶液)
第一步:请输入基本实验信息(考虑到实验过程中的损耗,建议多配一只动物的药量)
第二步:请输入动物体内配方组成(配方适用于不溶/难溶于水的化合物),不同的产品和批次配方组成不同,如对配方有疑问,可先联系我们提供正确的体内实验配方。此外,请注意这只是一个配方计算器,而不是特定产品的确切配方。
+
+
+

计算结果:

工作液浓度 mg/mL;

DMSO母液配制方法 mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液(母液浓度 mg/mL)。如该浓度超过该批次药物DMSO溶解度,请首先与我们联系。

体内配方配制方法μL DMSO母液,加入 μL PEG300,混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80,混匀澄清后加入 μL ddH2O,混匀澄清。

(1) 请确保溶液澄清之后,再加入下一种溶剂 (助溶剂) 。可利用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等方法助溶;
            (2) 一定要按顺序加入溶剂 (助溶剂) 。

临床试验信息
A Study to Evaluate the Renal Protective Effect (Urine Albumin-to-Creatinine Ratio (UACR)), Efficacy and Safety of Ipragliflozin in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients With Albuminuria
CTID: NCT03118713
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Terminated
Date: 2024-11-08
Comparison of Type 2 Diabetes Pharmacotherapy Regimens
CTID: NCT05073692
Phase:    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-10-24
Glimepiride 4 mg Tablets Under Non-Fasting Conditions
CTID: NCT00835172
Phase: Phase 1    Status: Completed
Date: 2024-08-20
Glimepiride 4 mg Tablets Under Fasting Conditions
CTID: NCT00834340
Phase: Phase 1    Status: Completed
Date: 2024-08-19
Vildagliptin Versus Glimepiride in Type 2 Diabetic Patients
CTID: NCT06068686
Phase: N/A    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-08-09
View More

Effect of Sodium-glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitor in Cellular Senescence in Patients With Cardiovascular Diseases or Type 2 Diabetes
CTID: NCT05975528
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-05-09


Fasting Study of Glimepiride Tablets 1 mg to Amaryl® Tablets 1 mg
CTID: NCT00648362
Phase: Phase 1    Status: Completed
Date: 2024-04-24
Food Study of Glimepiride Tablets 1 mg to Amaryl® Tablets 1 mg
CTID: NCT00650533
Phase: Phase 1    Status: Completed
Date: 2024-04-24
Omega 3 Fatty Acids on Serum Irisin and Sirtuin-1 in Type 2 Diabetic Mellitus Patients Treated With Glimepiride
CTID: NCT03917940
Phase: N/A    Status: Completed
Date: 2023-11-22
Replication of the LEAD-2 Diabetes Trial in Healthcare Claims Data
CTID: NCT05162183
Phase:    Status: Completed
Date: 2023-07-27
Replication of the GRADE Diabetes Trial in Healthcare Claims Data
CTID: NCT05099198
Phase:    Status: Completed
Date: 2023-07-27
Impact of Sitagliptin on Cardiovascular Exercise Performance in Type 2 Diabetes
CTID: NCT01951339
Phase: N/A    Status: Completed
Date: 2023-07-12
Dapagliflozin Versus Glimepiride Effect in Patient With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
CTID: NCT04240171
Phase:    Status: Completed
Date: 2023-04-18
Effect of Gemigliptin Versus Glimepiride on Cardiac Diastolic Function in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
CTID: NCT05663736
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2023-03-08
Effects of empagliFlozin on myocardIal metabOlic Rate of glucosE Estimated Through 18FDG PET (FIORE Study)
CTID: NCT04183868
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2023-01-18
The Effects of Glimepiride in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Chronic Heart Failure
CTID: NCT05538819
Phase:    Status: Completed
Date: 2022-11-16
Bioequivalence Study of 3 mg Glimepiride Tablet in Indonesia Healthy Subjects
CTID: NCT05468879
Phase: N/A    Status: Completed
Date: 2022-07-21
Effect of Exenatide, Sitagliptin or Glimepiride on Functional ß -Cell Mass
CTID: NCT00775684
Phase: N/A    Status: Completed
Date: 2022-06-07
The Effect of Glimepiride Compared With Sitagliptin as an add-on Therapy to Metformin in Severe Insulin Deficiency Diabetes
CTID: NCT05386186
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Unknown status
Date: 2022-05-23
Fenofibrate Versus Curcumin in Type 2 Diabetic Patients
CTID: NCT04528212
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2022-03-04
Interaction of Bexagliflozin With Metformin, Glimepiride and Sitagliptin
CTID: NCT02956044
Phase: Phase 1    Status: Completed
Date: 2021-07-22
SGLT2 Inhibitor Versus Sulfonylurea on Type 2 Diabetes With NAFLD
CTID: NCT02649465
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2021-07-02
Safety and Efficacy of Bexagliflozin Compared to Glimepiride as Add-on Therapy to Metformin in Type 2 Diabetes Subjects
CTID: NCT02769481
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2021-05-27
Efficacy and Safety of Sotagliflozin Versus Glimepiride and Placebo in Participants With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus That Are Taking Metformin Monotherapy
CTID: NCT03332771
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2021-05-11
Vildagliptin Compared to Glimepiride in Combination With Metformin in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
CTID: NCT00106340
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2020-12-17
Glimepiride, Alogliptin and Alogliptin+Pioglitazone Combination
CTID: NCT04470310
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Unknown status
Date: 2020-10-22
Dapagliflozin and Measures of Cardiovascular Autonomic Function in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes (T2D)
CTID: NCT02973477
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2020-10-22
Effect of Sodium Glucose Co-transporter 2 Inhibitor on Inflammatory Cytokine in Type 2 Diabetes
CTID: NCT02964572
Phase: N/A    Status: Completed
Date: 2020-08-27
A 52-week International, Multicenter Trial With a Long -Term Extension to Evaluate Saxagliptin With Dapagliflozin in Combination With Metformin Compared to Glimepiride in Combination With Metformin in Type 2 Diabetes Who Have Inadequate Glycemic Control on Metformin Alone
CTID: NCT02419612
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2020-06-23
Response of Gut Microbiota in Type 2 Diabetes to Hypoglycemic Agents
CTID: NCT04287387
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Unknown status
Date: 2020-02-27
Canagliflozin (Invokana™) vs. Standard Dual Therapy Regimen for T2DM During Ramadan
CTID: NCT02694263
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2020-01-30
CAROLINA: Cardiovascular Outcome Study of Linagliptin Versus Glimepiride in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
CTID: NCT01243424
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2020-01-07
A Comparison of Two Treatment Strategies in Older Participants With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM)
CTID: NCT02072096
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Terminated
Date: 2019-10-09
A Study Comparing the Effects and Safety of Dulaglutide With Glimepiride in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
CTID: NCT01644500
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2019-09-18
Foxiga Korea Local Phase 4 Study
CTID: NCT02564926
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2019-08-20
Dietary Impacts on Glucose-lowering Effects of Sitagliptin in Type 2 Diabetes
CTID: NCT02312063
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2019-07-01
The Effect of GIP and GLP-1 on Insulin and Glucagon Secretion in Patients With HNF1A-diabetes Treated With or Without Sulphonylurea
CTID: NCT03081676
Phase: N/A    Status: Completed
Date: 2019-06-27
Ertugliflozin vs. Glimepiride in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) Participants on Metformin (MK-8835-002)
CTID: NCT01999218
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2019-04-02
Efficacy and Safety of Dapagliflozin and Dapagliflozin Plus Saxagliptin in Combination With Metformin in Type 2 Diabetes Patients Compared With Sulphonylurea
CTID: NCT02471404
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2019-03-26
SGLT2 Inhibition and Left Ventricular Mass
CTID: NCT02728453
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Terminated
Date: 2019-03-22
Comparison of Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of ITCA 650 to Empagliflozin and Glimepiride as add-on Metformin
CTID: NCT03060980
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Terminated
Date: 2019-03-07
Risk of Nocturnal Hypoglycemia and Arrhythmias With Sitagliptin Versus Glimepiride in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
CTID: NCT02373865
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Terminated
Date: 2019-02-27
A Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Ertugliflozin in Asian Participants With Type 2 Diabetes and Inadequate Glycemic Control on Metformin Monotherapy (MK-8835-012)
CTID: NCT02630706
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2018-12-07
Empagliflozin Reduces Progression of Diabetic Retinopathy in Patients With High Risk of Diabetic Macular Edema
CTID: NCT02985242
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Terminated
Date: 2018-09-27
Efficacy and Safety of Ertugliflozin (MK-8835/PF-04971729) With Sitagliptin in the Treatment of Participants With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) With Inadequate Glycemic Control on Diet and Exercise (MK-8835-017)
CTID: NCT02226003
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2018-09-13
Safety and Efficacy of Ertugliflozin in the Treatment of Participants With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Who Have Inadequate Glycemic Control on Metformin and Sitagliptin (MK-8835-006; VERTIS SITA2)
CTID: NCT02036515
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2018-09-13
A Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Omarigliptin (MK-3102) Compared With Glimepiride in Participants With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus for Whom Metformin is Inappropriate (MK-3102-027)
CTID: NCT01863667
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Terminated
Date: 2018-09-10
A Study To Evaluate The Efficacy And Safety Of Ertugliflozin In Participants With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus And Inadequate Glycemic Control On Metformin Monotherapy (MK-8835-007).
CTID: NCT02033889
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2018-09-10
A Study to Assess the Safety and Efficacy of Omarigliptin (MK-3102) in Participants With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and Inadequate Glycemic Control (MK-3102-011)
CTID: NCT01717313
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2018-09-10
Addition of Omarigliptin (MK-3102) to Participants With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Who Have Inadequate Glycemic Control on Combination Therapy With Glimepiride and Metformin (MK-3102-022)
CTID: NCT01704261
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2018-09-10
A Study to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability, and Efficacy of the Addition of Omarigliptin (MK-3102) to Participants With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Who Have Inadequate Glycemic Control on Metformin Therapy (MK-3102-024)
CTID: NCT01755156
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2018-09-10
A Study of the Safety and Efficacy of Omarigliptin (MK-3102) Compared With Glimepiride in Participants With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus With Inadequate Glycemic Control on Metformin (MK-3102-016)
CTID: NCT01682759
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2018-09-07
Effect of Inhaled Pre-prandial Human Insulin on Blood Glucose Control in Type 2 Diabetes
CTID: NCT00427154
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Terminated
Date: 2018-09-05
A Study of the Efficacy and Safety of MK-0431D (a Fixed-dose Combination of Sitagliptin and Simvastatin) for the Treatment of Participants With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) With Inadequate Glycemic Control on Metformin Monotherapy (MK-0431D-266)
CTID: NCT01678820
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Terminated
Date: 2018-08-24
Efficacy and Safety of Sitagliptin/Metformin Fixed-Dose Combination (FDC) Compared to Glimepiride in Participants With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (MK-0431A-202)
CTID: NCT00993187
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2018-08-22
A Study of the Safety and Efficacy of Glimepiride, Gliclazide, Repaglinide or Acarbose When Added to Sitagliptin + Metformin Combination Therapy in Chinese Participants With Diabetes (MK-0431-313)
CTID: NCT01709305
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2018-08-21
A Study in China Evaluating the Safety and Efficacy of Adding Sitagliptin to Stable Therapy With Sulfonylurea With or Without Metformin in Participants With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) (MK-0431-253)
CTID: NCT01590771
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2018-08-17
Effects of Glimepiride on Recovery From Hypoglycemia in Participants With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (MK-0000-253)
CTID: NCT01614769
Phase: Phase 1    Status: Completed
Date: 2018-08-16
Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of the Addition of Sitagliptin in Participants With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Receiving Acarbose Monotherapy (MK-0431-130)
CTID: NCT01177384
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2018-08-16
A Study of the Co-administration of Sitagliptin and Atorvastatin in Inadequately Controlled Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (MK-0431E-211)
CTID: NCT01477853
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Terminated
Date: 2018-07-26
Efficacy and Safety of Saxagliptin VS. Glimepiride in Chinese T2DM Patients Controlled Inadequately With Metformin
CTID: NCT02280486
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2018-07-23
Teneligliptin-Glimepiride DDI Study
CTID: NCT03009513
Phase: Phase 1    Status: Completed
Date: 2018-05-02
A Study of the Efficacy and Safety of Ertugliflozin Monotherapy in the Treatment of Participants With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Inadequate Glycemic Control Despite Diet and Exercise (MK-8835-003, VERTIS MONO)
CTID: NCT01958671
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2017-09-29
Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Drug-drug Interaction of Evogliptin 5mg and Glimepiride 4mg
CTID: NCT02954822
Phase: Phase 1    Status: Completed
Date: 2017-09-18
DiaFrail: A Short Duration Study in Older People ( DIAFRAIL Study)
CTID: NCT02484209
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Withdrawn
Date: 2017-07-28
Glycemic Excursions in Type 2 Diabetic Patients With Vildagliptin and Metformin Versus Vildagliptin and Glimepiride
CTID: NCT02007278
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2017-07-11
Comparison of Two Treatment Regimens (Sitagliptin Versus Liraglutide) on Participants Who Failed to Achieve Good Glucose Control on Metformin Alone (MK-0431-403)
CTID: NCT01296412
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2017-06-09
Safety and Efficacy of Sitagliptin Compared With Glimepiride in Elderly Participants With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (MK-0431-251)
CTID: NCT01189890
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2017-06-05
Study of the Durability of Glycemic Control With Nateglinide
CTID: NCT00858013
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2017-05-16
START-J: SiTAgliptin in eldeRly Trial in Japan
CTID: NCT01183104
Phase: N/A    Status: Completed
Date: 2017-04-14
Glycemic Control and Complications in Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 (VADT)
CTID: NCT00032487
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2017-03-30
Study to Asses the Effect of Dapagliflozin on Central Blood Pressure Reduction.
CTID: NCT02919059
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Unknown status
Date: 2017-03-29
The Effect of Liraglutide on Endothelial Function in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
CTID: NCT00620282
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2017-03-08
Effect of Liraglutide or Glimepiride Added to Metformin on Blood Glucose Control in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes
CTID: NCT00614120
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2017-03-08
To Compare the Effect of Liraglutide When Given Together With Metformin With the Effect of Metformin Given Alone and With the Effect of Glimepiride and Metformin Given Together
CTID: NCT00318461
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2017-03-07
To Evaluate the Effect of Liraglutide Versus Glimepiride (Amaryl®) on Haemoglobin A1c
CTID: NCT00294723
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Terminated
Date: 2017-03-07
Safety and Efficacy of Inhaled Pre-prandial Human Insulin in Type 2 Diabetes
CTID: NCT00343980
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Terminated
Date: 2017-03-01
Efficacy and Safety of Inhaled Insulin Compared to Metformin and Glimepiride in Type 2 Diabetes
CTID: NCT00469586
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Terminated
Date: 2017-03-01
Comparison of the Blood Sugar Lowering Effect of Biphasic Insulin Aspart 30 and Insulin Glargine Both Combined With Metformin and Glimepiride in Chinese and Japanese Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes New to Insulin Treatment
CTID: NCT01123980
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2017-02-24
Comparison of Biphasic Insulin Aspart 30 Versus Insulin Glargine Both in Combination With Metformin and Glimepiride in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes
CTID: NCT00469092
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2017-02-23
Study To Understand Efficacy And Safety Of Investigational Agent (PF-04937319) Compared To Approved Agent (Glimepiride) In Patients With Diabetes On Metformin
CTID: NCT01517373
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Completed
Date: 2017-01-31
CANagliflozin Treatment And Trial Analysis-Sulfonylurea (CANTATA-SU) SGLT2 Add-on to Metformin Versus Glimepiride
CTID: NCT00968812
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2017-01-30
Effect of Liraglutide on Blood Glucose Control in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes
CTID: NCT00331851
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2017-01-26
Effect of Liraglutide Compared to Glimepiride on Appetite in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes
CTID: NCT01511692
Phase: Phase 1    Status: Completed
Date: 2017-01-25
Effect of Liraglutide on Blood Glucose Control in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes
CTID: NCT00318422
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2017-01-25
Effect of Liraglutide as add-on to Metformin Compared to Either Liraglutide or Metformin Alone, or to a Combination of Metformin and a SU (Sulphonylurea) Agent in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes
CTID: NCT01511172
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Completed
Date: 2
A randomized, unicenter, parallel study of the effect of dapagliflozin on central blood pressure reduction compared to glimepiride in adult subjects with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and inadequate glycemic control.
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Ongoing
Date: 2016-09-01
A Phase 3, Randomized, Double-blind, Active-controlled Study to Evaluate the Effects of Bexagliflozin versus Glimepiride in Subjects with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Who Have Inadequate Glycemic Control by Metformin
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2016-09-01
A Randomised Controlled Trial for People with Established Type 2 Diabetes during Ramadan: Canagliflozin (Invokana™) vs. standard dual therapy regimen: The ‘Can Do Ramadan’ Study
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2016-03-22
Efficacy in controlling glycaemia with Victoza® (liraglutide) as add-on to metformin vs. OADs as add-on to metformin after up to 104 weeks of treatment in subjects with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with metformin monotherapy and treated in a primary care setting.
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2016-01-08
SGLT2 inhibition with empagliflozin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: Influences on left ventricular mass, function, and cardiac lipid content (EMPATROPHY)
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Prematurely Ended
Date: 2015-10-26
A 52-Week, Multi-Centre, Randomised, Parallel-Group, Double-Blind, Active Controlled, Phase IV Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Dapagliflozin or Dapagliflozin plus Saxagliptin compared with Sulphonylurea all given as Add-on Therapy to Metformin in Adult Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Who Have Inadequate Glycaemic Control on Metformin Monotherapy
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2015-10-06
A 52-week International, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Active-Controlled, Parallel Group, Phase 3bTrial with a Blinded 104-week Long -term Extension Period to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Saxagliptin Co-administered with Dapagliflozin in combination with Metformin Compared to Glimepiride in Combination with Metformin in Adult Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Who Have Inadequate Glycemic Control on Metformin Therapy Alone
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2015-09-14
RANDOMIZED DOUBLE BLIND PARALLEL DESIGN STUDY COMPARING RISK OF NOCTURNAL HYPOGLYCEMIA AND CRITICAL ARRHYTHMIAS WITH SITAGLIPTIN VERSUS GLIMEPIRIDE IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES INSUFFICIENTLY CONTROLLED WITH METFORMIN MONOTHERAPY
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Prematurely Ended
Date: 2015-03-25
A Phase III, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Active-Comparator-Controlled Clinical Trial to Study the Safety and Efficacy of the Addition of Ertugliflozin (MK-8835/PF-04971729) Compared With the Addition of Glimepiride in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Who Have Inadequate Glycemic Control on Metformin
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2014-05-29
A PHASE 3, RANDOMIZED, DOUBLE-BLIND, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED, 26-WEEK MULTICENTER STUDY WITH A 78-WEEK EXTENSION TO EVALUATE THE EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF ERTUGLIFLOZIN IN SUBJECTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS AND INADEQUATE GLYCEMIC CONTROL ON METFORMIN MONOTHERAPY.
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2014-04-09
An Individualized treatMent aPproach for oldER patIents: A randomized, controlled stUdy in type 2 diabetes Mellitus
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Prematurely Ended
Date: 2014-02-05
Effects of Vildaglipin and Glimepiride on Glycemic Variability and on Cardiovascular parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes in failure with basal insulin
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Ongoing
Date: 2013-11-21
A Phase III, Multicenter, Double-Blind, Randomized Trial to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of MK-3102 Compared With Glimepiride in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus For Whom Metformin is Inappropriate due to Intolerance or Contraindication
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Prematurely Ended, Completed
Date: 2013-08-28
A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind Study to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability, and Efficacy of the Addition of MK-3102 to Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Who Have Inadequate Glycemic Control on Metformin Therapy
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2013-03-21
A Phase III, Multicenter, Double-Blind, Randomized Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of the Addition of MK-3102 Compared With the Addition of Glimepiride in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus With Inadequate Glycemic Control on Metformin
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2013-01-22
Effects of liraglutide on β-cell function in type 2 diabetic patients with secondary failure to oral hypoglycemic agents. A randomized, controlled, parallel groups, open-label, phase II study.
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Ongoing
Date: 2012-08-22
The effects of GLP-1 in Maturity- onset diabetes of the young (MODY)
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Completed
Date: 2012-08-03
A Phase III Randomized Clinical Trial to Study the Efficacy and Safety of the Co-Administration of Sitagliptin and Atorvastatin in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Inadequate Glycemic Control on Metformin Monotherapy
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Prematurely Ended
Date: 2012-08-02
A long-term, randomized, open-labeled, parallel-group trial to compare the effects of liraglutide and sulphonilurea both in combination with metformin on clinical, endothelial and image markers of cardiovascular risk in patients with type 2 diabetes
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Prematurely Ended
Date: 2012-04-23
A PHASE 2, RANDOMIZED, DOUBLE-BLINDED, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED, DOSE-RANGING, PARALLEL GROUP STUDY TO EVALUATE SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF PF-04937319 AND GLIMEPIRIDE IN ADULT PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS INADEQUATELY CONTROLLED ON METFORMIN
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Completed
Date: 2012-04-17
Effect of Linagliptin in comparison with Glimepiride as add on to Metformin on postprandial beta cell function, postprandial metabolism and oxidative stress in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2012-04-02
A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Active-Controlled, Phase 3 Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of TAK-875 25 mg and 50 mg Compared to Glimepiride When Used in Combination with Metformin in Subjects with Type 2 Diabetes
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed, Prematurely Ended
Date: 2012-02-29
Effect of Adding Vildagliptin on Beta Cell Function and Cardiovascular Risk Markers in Patients with moderate Metabolic Control during Metformin Monotherapy
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2011-11-09
Effects of Liraglutide on left ventricular (LV) morphology, function and energy metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes and heart failure : an in vivo cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging and 31P Spectroscopy study.
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Ongoing
Date: 2011-06-08
Estudio y resultados de una modalidad de derivación biliopancreática laparoscópica para el tratamiento definitivo de la diabetes tipo 2 en pacientes con IMC entre 30 y 35.
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Ongoing
Date: 2011-04-12
A Phase III, Multicenter, Double-Blind, Randomized, Active-Controlled Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Sitagliptin Compared With Glimepiride in Elderly Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus With Inadequate Glycemic Control
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2011-03-07
A Phase III, Multicenter, Randomized, Open-label Clinical Trial Comparing the Efficacy and Safety of a Sitagliptin-Based Treatment Paradigm to a Liraglutide-Based Treatment Paradigm in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Who Have Inadequate Glycemic Control on Metformin Monotherapy
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Prematurely Ended, Completed
Date: 2011-02-16
Effet d’un agoniste du récepteur au GLP1 (Exenatide) sur le contenu en triglycérides intramyocardique chez le patient obèse diabétique.
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2011-01-11
Pilot study to assess the difference in glycemic profiles between vildagliptin and glimepiride using CGM device
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2010-12-03
A multi-center, randomized, double-blind placebo controlled study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of 24 weeks treatment with vildagliptin 50 mg bid as add-on therapy to metformin plus glimepiride in patients with type 2 diabetes
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2010-11-22
A phase III randomised, double-blind, active-controlled parallel group efficacy and safety study of BI 10773 compared to glimepiride administered orallyduring 104 weeks with a 104-week extension period in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and insufficient glycaemic control despite metformin treatment
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2010-10-18
A multicentre, international, randomised, parallel group, double blind study to evaluate Cardiovascular safety of linagliptin versus glimepiride in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at high cardiovascular risk. The CAROLINA Trial.
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2010-10-14
EFFECTS ON INCIDENCE OF CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS OF THE ADDITION OF PIOGLITAZONE AS COMPARED WITH A SULFONYLUREA IN TYPE 2 DIABETIC PATIENTS INADEQUATELY
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Ongoing
Date: 2010-03-02
A phase III, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled parallel group safety and efficacy study of linagliptin (5 mg administered orally once daily) over 12 weeks followed by a 40 week double-blind extension period (placebo patients switched to glimepiride) in drug naive or previously treated type 2 diabetic patients with moderate to severe renal impairment and insufficient glycaemic control
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2010-02-24
The effect of sitagliptin on postprandial lipoprotein metabolism in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Ongoing
Date: 2009-11-16
A 52-Week, Randomised, Double-Blind, Active-Controlled, Multi-Centre Phase IIIb/IV Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Tolerability of Saxagliptin Compared to Glimepiride in Elderly Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Who Have Inadequate Glycaemic Control on Metformin Monotherapy
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2009-08-12
'Effect of glimepiride on glycemic control in patients with typ 2 diabetes treated with insulin and metfromin'
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Ongoing
Date: 2009-02-20
A Phase IIa, Multicenter, Double-Blind, Randomized, Active-Controlled, Parallel-Arm
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Prematurely Ended, Completed
Date: 2009-02-03
A Phase III, Multicenter, Double-Blind, Randmoized Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of the Addition of Sitagliptin Compared With the Addition of Glimepiride in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus With Inadequate Glycemic Control on Metformin
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2008-04-25
A randomised, double-blind, active-controlled parallel group efficacy and safety study of BI 1356 (5.0 mg, administered orally once daily) colse if(down_display === 'none' || down_display === '')

生物数据图片
  • Glimepiride

    Inhibition of KATP currents by glimepiride. Br J Pharmacol. 2001 May;133(1):193-9.
  • Glimepiride

    Block of Kir6.2ΔC36 currents by glimepiride. Br J Pharmacol. 2001 May;133(1):193-9.
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