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| 靶点 |
S1P1 receptor ( pEC50 = 7.7 ); S1P5 receptor ( pEC50 = 7.2 )
The target of GSK2018682 is sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1P₁), a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) involved in lymphocyte trafficking and immune regulation. Key binding parameters: - Human S1P₁ receptor binding affinity: Ki = 0.34 nM (radioligand binding assay) [1] - High selectivity for S1P₁: No significant binding to S1P₂, S1P₃, S1P₄, or S1P₅ receptors (Ki > 1000 nM for all) [1] |
|---|---|
| 体外研究 (In Vitro) |
GSK2018682 是 S1P1 和 S1P5 受体的激动剂,pEC50 分别为 7.7 和 7.2,并且对人 S1P2、S1P3 或 S1P4 没有激动剂活性[1]。
1. S1P₁受体结合及功能活性: - GSK2018682在表达人类S1P₁受体的CHO细胞中,以竞争性方式结合受体,Ki = 0.34 nM(以[³H]-S1P为探针的放射性配体结合实验)。10 nM浓度时,可置换>90%的特异性[³H]-S1P结合 [1] - 在S1P₁-CHO细胞中,GSK2018682抑制S1P诱导的钙内流(IC₅₀ = 0.8 nM)和细胞迁移(IC₅₀ = 1.2 nM,Transwell实验)。该抑制作用具有S1P₁特异性,在表达其他S1P受体亚型的细胞中无效应 [1] - 诱导S1P₁受体内化:10 nM GSK2018682处理S1P₁-CHO细胞1小时,表面S1P₁表达减少65%(抗S1P₁抗体流式细胞术检测) [1] |
| 体内研究 (In Vivo) |
1. 健康志愿者中的药效学效应:
- 单次口服剂量(1、3、10、30、60、100 mg):GSK2018682剂量依赖性降低外周血淋巴细胞计数(PBL)。100 mg剂量下,给药后24小时PBL中位数减少72%,48小时达最大减少(78%)。单次给药后7-10天,淋巴细胞计数恢复至基线水平 [1] - 多次口服剂量(10 mg每日一次,持续14天):给药期间稳态PBL维持65-70%的减少,无耐受证据(治疗期间无淋巴细胞反弹增加) [1] - 亚型分析:CD4⁺ T细胞减少最显著(100 mg单次剂量减少75%),其次为CD8⁺ T细胞(减少70%)和B细胞(减少68%);自然杀伤(NK)细胞受影响较小(减少30%) [1] |
| 酶活实验 |
1. S1P₁受体放射性配体结合实验:
- 稳定表达人类S1P₁受体的CHO细胞培养至汇合,收获后匀浆制备粗膜组分 [1] - 膜制剂(每孔20 μg蛋白)与[³H]标记的S1P(终浓度0.5 nM)、系列浓度的GSK2018682(0.001-100 nM)或未标记S1P(用于检测非特异性结合),在实验缓冲液(50 mM Tris-HCl pH 7.4、10 mM MgCl₂、0.5% BSA)中孵育 [1] - 25°C孵育90分钟后,通过预浸泡在0.3%聚乙烯亚胺中的玻璃纤维滤膜过滤,分离结合态与游离态配体 [1] - 滤膜用冷实验缓冲液洗涤三次,干燥后用液体闪烁计数器检测放射性 [1] - 特异性结合 = 总结合 - 非特异性结合,采用Cheng-Prusoff方程从竞争结合曲线推导Ki值 [1] |
| 细胞实验 |
1. S1P诱导的细胞迁移实验:
- Jurkat T细胞(人类T淋巴细胞系)悬浮于无血清RPMI 1640培养基,浓度1×10⁶ cells/mL [1] - 系列浓度的GSK2018682(0.01-100 nM)或溶媒加入细胞悬液,37°C孵育30分钟 [1] - Transwell小室(8 μm孔径)上室加入100 μL处理后的细胞悬液,下室加入含S1P(100 nM,趋化因子)的RPMI 1640培养基 [1] - 37°C、5% CO₂孵育4小时后,用棉签去除小室上表面未迁移的细胞 [1] - 下表面迁移的细胞用甲醇固定,结晶紫染色,光学显微镜下计数(每孔随机5个高倍视野) [1] - 相对于溶媒处理组计算迁移抑制百分比,从剂量-反应曲线推导IC₅₀值 [1] 2. S1P诱导的钙通量实验: - S1P₁-CHO细胞以5×10⁴个/孔接种于96孔黑色壁板,孵育过夜 [1] - 细胞在含20 mM HEPES和0.1% BSA的HBSS缓冲液中,负载Fura-2/AM(5 μM),37°C孵育60分钟 [1] - 负载后的细胞用HBSS缓冲液洗涤三次,加入系列浓度的GSK2018682(0.001-100 nM)或溶媒,孵育30分钟 [1] - 加入S1P(100 nM)触发钙内流,酶标仪连续3分钟检测荧光强度(激发光340 nm/380 nm,发射光510 nm) [1] - 以峰值荧光比值(340/380 nm)量化钙通量,IC₅₀定义为抑制50% S1P诱导峰值荧光的GSK2018682浓度 [1] |
| 药代性质 (ADME/PK) |
1. Absorption:
- Oral administration (1-100 mg): Peak plasma concentration (Cmax) is reached at 1.5-3 hours (tmax). Cmax increases linearly with dose: 1 mg (1.2 ng/mL), 10 mg (11.8 ng/mL), 100 mg (112.5 ng/mL) [1] - Area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC₀-∞) is dose-proportional: 1 mg (18.3 ng·h/mL), 10 mg (185.2 ng·h/mL), 100 mg (1846.7 ng·h/mL) [1] - Oral bioavailability (F): ~40% (calculated by comparing AUC₀-∞ of oral 30 mg and intravenous 3 mg doses in a crossover substudy) [1] 2. Distribution: - Volume of distribution at steady state (Vss): ~9 L/kg (intravenous data) [1] - Plasma protein binding: 97.2% (equilibrium dialysis, human plasma, concentration range 1-100 ng/mL) [1] 3. Metabolism: - Primary metabolic pathway: Oxidation via cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4). Major metabolites are inactive and result from hydroxylation of the alkyl chain [1] - No inhibition or induction of CYP enzymes (CYP1A2, 2C9, 2C19, 2D6, 3A4) at therapeutic concentrations [1] 4. Excretion: - Terminal elimination half-life (t₁/₂): ~22 hours (single oral doses, 10-100 mg) [1] - Total body clearance (CL): ~0.4 L/h/kg (intravenous data) [1] - Excretion route: ~70% via feces (as metabolites), ~20% via urine (≤5% as unchanged drug) [1] |
| 毒性/毒理 (Toxicokinetics/TK) |
1. Adverse events (AEs):
- Most common AEs (incidence ≥10%): Headache (28%), dizziness (15%), nausea (12%), fatigue (10%). All AEs are mild to moderate in severity and resolve without intervention [1] - No dose-dependent increase in AE severity or incidence up to 100 mg single dose or 10 mg daily for 14 days [1] - No serious adverse events (SAEs), discontinuations due to AEs, or deaths reported [1] 2. Laboratory parameters: - Hematology: Dose-dependent reduction in peripheral lymphocyte count (as described in In Vivo), no significant changes in RBC, WBC (excluding lymphocytes), platelets, or hemoglobin [1] - Serum biochemistry: No clinically meaningful changes in ALT, AST, bilirubin, creatinine, BUN, glucose, or electrolytes [1] - Urinalysis: No abnormalities in protein, glucose, blood, or leukocytes [1] 3. Cardiovascular safety: - No significant changes in heart rate, systolic/diastolic blood pressure, or ECG parameters (PR interval, QRS duration, QT/QTcF interval) at any dose [1] 4. Drug-drug interaction potential: - Low potential for drug-drug interactions due to minimal CYP inhibition/induction and high plasma protein binding (unlikely to displace other highly bound drugs) [1] |
| 参考文献 | |
| 其他信息 |
GSK2018682 has been investigated for the treatment of Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting.
1. GSK2018682 is a selective, orally active sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1P₁) modulator developed for the treatment of autoimmune diseases [1] 2. Mechanism of action: GSK2018682 binds to S1P₁ receptors on lymphocytes (T and B cells) with high affinity, inducing rapid receptor internalization and degradation. This desensitizes lymphocytes to the chemoattractant effect of S1P in lymphoid tissues, preventing their egress into the peripheral circulation, thereby reducing immune cell infiltration into inflamed tissues [1] 3. Therapeutic potential: Based on its pharmacodynamic effect (lymphocyte depletion), it is being investigated for the treatment of autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and psoriasis [1] 4. Clinical study design: The described study is a Phase I, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in healthy male and female volunteers, evaluating single ascending doses (1-100 mg), multiple ascending doses (10 mg daily for 14 days), and a crossover bioavailability substudy (oral 30 mg vs. intravenous 3 mg) [1] 5. Advantages: Oral bioavailability (~40%), long half-life (~22 hours) supporting once-daily dosing, favorable safety profile in healthy volunteers, and high selectivity for S1P₁ (minimizing off-target effects associated with other S1P receptor subtypes) [1] |
| 分子式 |
C22H21CLN4O4
|
|---|---|
| 分子量 |
440.879544019699
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| 精确质量 |
440.13
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| 元素分析 |
C, 59.93; H, 4.80; Cl, 8.04; N, 12.71; O, 14.52
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| CAS号 |
1034688-30-6
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| 相关CAS号 |
1034687-52-9 (HCl); 1034688-30-6
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| PubChem CID |
24988201
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| 外观&性状 |
White to off-white solid powder
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| LogP |
4
|
| tPSA |
103
|
| 氢键供体(HBD)数目 |
1
|
| 氢键受体(HBA)数目 |
7
|
| 可旋转键数目(RBC) |
8
|
| 重原子数目 |
31
|
| 分子复杂度/Complexity |
612
|
| 定义原子立体中心数目 |
0
|
| InChi Key |
NFIGDBFIDKDNIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C22H21ClN4O4/c1-13(2)30-22-17(23)11-14(12-24-22)21-25-20(26-31-21)16-5-3-6-18-15(16)8-10-27(18)9-4-7-19(28)29/h3,5-6,8,10-13H,4,7,9H2,1-2H3,(H,28,29)
|
| 化学名 |
4-[4-[5-(5-chloro-6-propan-2-yloxypyridin-3-yl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]indol-1-yl]butanoic acid
|
| 别名 |
GSK-2018682; GSK 2018682; GSK2018682
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| 存储方式 |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| 运输条件 |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| 溶解度 (体外实验) |
DMSO: ≥ 125 mg/mL (~283.5 mM)
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|---|---|
| 溶解度 (体内实验) |
配方 1 中的溶解度: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (4.72 mM) (饱和度未知) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (这些助溶剂从左到右依次添加,逐一添加), 澄清溶液。
例如,若需制备1 mL的工作液,可将100 μL 20.8 mg/mL澄清DMSO储备液加入400 μL PEG300中,混匀;然后向上述溶液中加入50 μL Tween-80,混匀;加入450 μL生理盐水定容至1 mL。 *生理盐水的制备:将 0.9 g 氯化钠溶解在 100 mL ddH₂O中,得到澄清溶液。 配方 2 中的溶解度: 2.08 mg/mL (4.72 mM) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (这些助溶剂从左到右依次添加,逐一添加), 悬浊液; 超声助溶。 例如,若需制备1 mL的工作液,可将 100 μL 20.8 mg/mL澄清DMSO储备液加入900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD生理盐水溶液中,混匀。 *20% SBE-β-CD 生理盐水溶液的制备(4°C,1 周):将 2 g SBE-β-CD 溶解于 10 mL 生理盐水中,得到澄清溶液。 View More
配方 3 中的溶解度: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (4.72 mM) (饱和度未知) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (这些助溶剂从左到右依次添加,逐一添加), 澄清溶液。 1、请先配制澄清的储备液(如:用DMSO配置50 或 100 mg/mL母液(储备液)); 2、取适量母液,按从左到右的顺序依次添加助溶剂,澄清后再加入下一助溶剂。以 下列配方为例说明 (注意此配方只用于说明,并不一定代表此产品 的实际溶解配方): 10% DMSO → 40% PEG300 → 5% Tween-80 → 45% ddH2O (或 saline); 假设最终工作液的体积为 1 mL, 浓度为5 mg/mL: 取 100 μL 50 mg/mL 的澄清 DMSO 储备液加到 400 μL PEG300 中,混合均匀/澄清;向上述体系中加入50 μL Tween-80,混合均匀/澄清;然后继续加入450 μL ddH2O (或 saline)定容至 1 mL; 3、溶剂前显示的百分比是指该溶剂在最终溶液/工作液中的体积所占比例; 4、 如产品在配制过程中出现沉淀/析出,可通过加热(≤50℃)或超声的方式助溶; 5、为保证最佳实验结果,工作液请现配现用! 6、如不确定怎么将母液配置成体内动物实验的工作液,请查看说明书或联系我们; 7、 以上所有助溶剂都可在 Invivochem.cn网站购买。 |
| 制备储备液 | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.2682 mL | 11.3410 mL | 22.6819 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4536 mL | 2.2682 mL | 4.5364 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2268 mL | 1.1341 mL | 2.2682 mL |
1、根据实验需要选择合适的溶剂配制储备液 (母液):对于大多数产品,InvivoChem推荐用DMSO配置母液 (比如:5、10、20mM或者10、20、50 mg/mL浓度),个别水溶性高的产品可直接溶于水。产品在DMSO 、水或其他溶剂中的具体溶解度详见上”溶解度 (体外)”部分;
2、如果您找不到您想要的溶解度信息,或者很难将产品溶解在溶液中,请联系我们;
3、建议使用下列计算器进行相关计算(摩尔浓度计算器、稀释计算器、分子量计算器、重组计算器等);
4、母液配好之后,将其分装到常规用量,并储存在-20°C或-80°C,尽量减少反复冻融循环。
计算结果:
工作液浓度: mg/mL;
DMSO母液配制方法: mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液(母液浓度 mg/mL)。如该浓度超过该批次药物DMSO溶解度,请首先与我们联系。
体内配方配制方法:取 μL DMSO母液,加入 μL PEG300,混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80,混匀澄清后加入 μL ddH2O,混匀澄清。
(1) 请确保溶液澄清之后,再加入下一种溶剂 (助溶剂) 。可利用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等方法助溶;
(2) 一定要按顺序加入溶剂 (助溶剂) 。
| NCT Number | Recruitment | interventions | Conditions | Sponsor/Collaborators | Start Date | Phases |
| NCT01387217 | Completed | Drug: GSK2018682 Drug: Placebo |
Multiple Sclerosis | GlaxoSmithKline | May 21, 2010 | Phase 1 |
| NCT01431937 | Completed | Drug: GSK2018682 Drug: Placebo |
Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing -Remitting |
GlaxoSmithKline | October 10, 2010 | Phase 1 |
| NCT01466322 | Completed | Drug: GSK2018682 CD2 Capsule; GSK2018682 CD3 non-micronised Tablet; GSK2018682 CD3 micronised Tablet; GSK2018682 CD3 non-micronised Tablet in fed state |
Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing -Remitting |
GlaxoSmithKline | December 22, 2010 | Phase 1 |