Acetylcysteine

别名: Acetylcysteine; N-Acetyl-L-cysteine; acetylcysteine; 616-91-1; N-Acetylcysteine; mercapturic acid; Acetadote; L-Acetylcysteine; Broncholysin; Parvolex; Mucosil N-乙酰半胱氨酸;N-乙酰-L-beta-巯基丙氨酸;N-乙酰-L-半胱氨酸;N-乙酰基-L-半胱氨酸;N-乙酰基-L-半胱氨酸辣;乙酰半胱氨酸;L-Α-乙酰氨基-Β-巯基丙酸;L-Α-乙酰胺基-Β-巯基丙酸;N-Acetyl-L-cysteine N-乙酰-L-半胱氨酸;N-L-乙酰半胱氨酸;N-乙酰-L-半胱氨酸(NAC);N-乙酰-L-半胱氨酸(乙酰半胱氨酸);N-乙酰-L-半胱胺酸;N-乙酰-半胱氨酸;N-乙酰半胱氨酸 标准品;N-乙酰半胱氨酸 杂质对照品;N-乙酰半胱氨酸1;N-乙酰基-L-半胱氨酸(RG);乙酰半胱氨酸 EP标准品;乙酰半胱氨酸 USP标准品;乙酰半胱氨酸杂质A;N-乙酰-3-巯基丙氨酸;N-乙酰半胱氨酸,乙酰半胱氨酸;N-乙酰半胱氨酸,乙酰半胱氨酸,N-乙酰基-L-半胱氨酸
目录号: V8850 纯度: ≥98%
乙酰半胱氨酸(N-乙酰半胱氨酸)是一种粘液溶解剂,可用于减少粘液的稠度。
Acetylcysteine CAS号: 616-91-1
产品类别: New1
产品仅用于科学研究,不针对患者销售
规格 价格 库存 数量
250mg
500mg
5g
10g
Other Sizes

Other Forms of Acetylcysteine:

  • N-乙酰-D3-L-半胱氨酸
  • Acetylcysteine-15N
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InvivoChem产品被CNS等顶刊论文引用
产品描述
乙酰半胱氨酸(N-乙酰半胱氨酸)是一种粘液溶解剂,可用于减少粘液的稠度。乙酰半胱氨酸是一种 ROS 抑制剂。乙酰半胱氨酸是一种半胱氨酸前体,可通过中和花生四烯酸依赖性 5-脂氧合酶活性产生的有毒脂质来预防血红素诱导的铁死亡。乙酰半胱氨酸可引起细胞凋亡并具有抗流感病毒活性。
生物活性&实验参考方法
靶点
Endogenous Metabolite; ROS (reactive oxygen species)
体外研究 (In Vitro)
在缺乏额外营养支持的情况下,乙酰半胱氨酸通过防止 DNA 断裂来延长胶原蛋白下 PC12 细胞的长期死亡率。乙酰半胱氨酸可保护交感神经元和 PC12 细胞免于死亡 [2]。当暴露于乙酰半胱氨酸时,人主动脉平滑肌细胞会以剂量依赖性方式受损并失去活力[3]。在 PC12 细胞中,乙酰半胱氨酸刺激 Ras 细胞外信号调节器 (ERK)。乙酰半胱氨酸可以防止因缺乏营养而导致的神经元死亡。当乙酰半胱氨酸存在时,一氧化氮 (NO) 更容易从血管组织中的蛋白质结合储备中释放。乙酰半胱氨酸可能会破坏神经突发育和 NGF 依赖性信号传导,表明它可能会破坏氧化敏感的 NGF 机制步骤 [4]。
在本研究中,我们检测了n -乙酰- l-半胱氨酸(LNAC)是否影响营养因子剥夺引起的神经元细胞凋亡。LNAC是一种抗氧化剂,能提高细胞内谷胱甘肽的水平。我们使用了血清缺失的PC12细胞、血清和NGF缺失的PC12细胞和新生儿交感神经元。在每种情况下,LNAC都能防止细胞凋亡DNA断裂,并在缺乏其他营养支持的情况下维持长期存活。与NGF不同,LNAC不会诱导或维持神经突生长或体细胞肥大。为了排除LNAC代谢衍生物的作用,我们评估了n -乙酰- d -半胱氨酸(DNAC)。DNAC还能防止PC12细胞和交感神经元的死亡。然而,其他抗氧化剂在这方面是无效的。由于假设营养因子通过阻止或协调细胞周期进程来预防神经元死亡,我们测试了LNAC或DNAC治疗是否会影响细胞周期。我们发现,这两种抗氧化剂(而不是其他抗氧化剂)抑制PC12细胞的增殖和DNA合成,其浓度与它们防止凋亡的浓度相似。尽管LNAC和DNAC拯救营养因子剥夺引发的细胞凋亡的能力可能源于它们对细胞氧化应激反应的直接影响,但我们的观察结果提出了一种可能涉及细胞周期调节的机制。[2]
吡咯烷二硫代氨基甲酸酯(PDTC)和n -乙酰半胱氨酸(NAC)已被用作抗氧化剂,以防止淋巴细胞、神经元和血管内皮细胞的凋亡。我们在此报道了PDTC和NAC诱导大鼠和人平滑肌细胞凋亡。在大鼠主动脉平滑肌细胞中,PDTC诱导细胞收缩、染色质凝聚和DNA链断裂,与细胞凋亡一致。此外,Bcl-2的过表达抑制了PDTC和NAC引起的血管平滑肌细胞死亡。大鼠主动脉平滑肌细胞活力在PDTC治疗后3小时内下降,12小时时降至30%。PDTC和NAC对平滑肌细胞的影响不是物种特异性的,因为PDTC和NAC都导致大鼠和人主动脉平滑肌细胞活力的剂量依赖性降低。相比之下,PDTC和NAC都没有降低人主动脉内皮细胞的活力。使用抗氧化剂诱导血管平滑肌细胞凋亡可能有助于防止其在动脉硬化病变中的增殖。[3]
n -乙酰半胱氨酸(NAC)最近被提议作为人类流行性肺炎的辅助治疗药物。这一建议是基于其在体外限制流感病毒复制和在小鼠模型中减轻疾病严重程度的能力。虽然对不同的病毒(人类和禽类)进行了现有的研究,但与NAC抗流感谱有关的公开信息很少。在这项研究中,我们发现NAC不能改变由接种猪H1N1流感病毒引起的致命性流感肺炎的病程。NAC确实能够在体外抑制猪病毒,但远低于报道的其他菌株。因此,流感病毒对NAC的易感性似乎是菌株依赖的,这表明它不能被认为是流感肺炎的普遍治疗方法。[7]
体内研究 (In Vivo)
乙酰半胱氨酸(150、300 mg/kg)治疗显着降低了所有治疗组的肝转氨酶,尤其是乙酰半胱氨酸 300 mg/kg 组。乙酰半胱氨酸300 mg/kg组肺谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶显着升高(P=0.04),而其他氧化指标无显着差异[6]。乙酰半胱氨酸可增强 12 个月大的 SAMP8 模型在 T 迷宫避震范式和杠杆估计测试中的认知能力,但不会增强运动产生线索非影响性活动、避免电击的动机或体重 [5]。
氧化应激可能在与年龄相关的神经退行性疾病中起关键作用。在这里,我们检测了两种抗氧化剂,α -硫辛酸(LA)和n -乙酰半胱氨酸(NAC)的能力,以逆转SAMP8小鼠的认知缺陷。到12个月大的时候,这种菌株的β水平升高,学习和记忆能力严重不足。我们发现,与4个月大的小鼠相比,12个月大的SAMP8小鼠的蛋白质羰基(蛋白质氧化指标)水平增加,TBARS(脂质过氧化指标)增加,蛋白质特异性自旋标记MAL-6(氧化诱导的突触体膜蛋白构象变化指标)的弱固定化/强固定化(W/S)比降低。长期服用LA或NAC均可改善12月龄SAMP8小鼠在t迷宫足震避免范式和杠杆按压食欲任务中的认知,而不会对运动活动、避震动机或体重产生非特异性影响。这些影响可能直接发生在大脑内,因为NAC穿过血脑屏障并在大脑中积累。此外,用LA治疗12个月大的SAMP8小鼠可以逆转所有三个氧化应激指标。这些结果支持氧化应激可导致认知功能障碍的假设,并为抗氧化剂的治疗作用提供证据。[5]
NAC 300组肝脏组织学评分显著高于对照组(1.7±0.5比2.9±1.1,P = 0.05)。此外,NAC处理显著降低了各处理组的肝脏转氨酶,以NAC 300组居多。NAC治疗组血浆丙二醛水平较低,但无统计学意义。NAC 300组肺谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶显著升高(P = 0.04),而其他氧化生物标志物无显著差异。
结论:NAC对IIR后肝损伤具有显著的保护作用,且可能独立于肠道保护作用。再灌注前额外给予NAC没有进一步的益处。比较方案中最有效的方案是缺血前300 mg/kg。[6]
酶活实验
NAC (n -acetyl- l-半胱氨酸)常用来鉴定和检测活性氧诱导剂,并抑制活性氧。在本研究中,我们发现蛋白酶体抑制剂的抑制作用是NAC的一种新活性。NAC和过氧化氢酶(另一种已知的活性氧清除剂)同样抑制活性氧水平和与h2o2相关的细胞凋亡。然而,只有NAC,而不是过氧化氢酶或另一种ROS清除剂Trolox,能够阻止与蛋白酶体抑制相关的作用,如蛋白质稳定、细胞凋亡和泛素偶联物的积累。这些观察结果表明NAC具有ROS抑制剂和蛋白酶体抑制剂的双重活性。最近,NAC被用作一种ROS抑制剂,在功能上表征了一种新的抗癌化合物胡椒明,导致其被描述为ROS诱导剂。相比之下,我们自己的实验表明,该化合物具有蛋白酶体抑制剂的特征,包括抑制FOXM1 (Forkhead box蛋白M1),稳定细胞蛋白,诱导ros非依赖性凋亡和增强泛素偶联物的积累。此外,NAC而非过氧化氢酶或Trolox干扰胡椒隆明的活性,进一步支持胡椒隆明是蛋白酶体抑制剂。最重要的是,我们发现NAC,而不是其他ROS清除剂,直接结合蛋白酶体抑制剂。据我们所知,NAC是已知的第一个直接与蛋白酶体抑制剂相互作用并拮抗活性的化合物。综上所述,本研究的结果表明,由于NAC的双重性质,当NAC被用作抗氧化剂来证明ROS参与药物诱导的细胞凋亡时,数据解释可能并不简单。[1]
我们已经证明n -乙酰半胱氨酸(NAC)在缺乏营养因子的情况下促进交感神经元和嗜铬细胞瘤(PC12)细胞的存活。NAC的这种作用与其抗氧化性能或增加细胞内谷胱甘肽水平的能力无关,而是依赖于正在进行的转录,似乎可归因于NAC作为还原剂的作用。在这里,我们研究了NAC促进神经元存活的机制。我们发现NAC在PC12细胞中激活ras -胞外信号调节激酶(ERK)通路。NAC激活Ras似乎是生存所必需的,因为它不能维持血清缺失的PC12 MM17-26细胞组成性地表达Ras的显性阴性形式。NAC对PC12细胞存活的促进作用被PD98059完全阻断,PD98059是ERK活化MAP激酶/ERK激酶的抑制剂,提示ERK活化在NAC机制中有必要的作用。相比之下,磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶(PI3K)抑制剂LY294002和wortmannin部分阻断ngf促进的PC12细胞存活,对NAC预防死亡没有作用。我们先前假设NAC促进生存的能力与其抗增殖特性相关。然而,尽管NAC不能保护PC12 MM17-26细胞免受营养支持的损失,但它确实抑制了它们合成DNA的能力。因此,NAC的抗增殖作用不需要激活Ras,抑制DNA合成不足以介导NAC促进的生存。这些发现强调了Ras-ERK激活在NAC防止失去营养支持后神经元死亡的机制中的作用。[4]
细胞实验
对于存活实验,将洗涤过的细胞重悬于RPM1 1640培养基中,并在涂有大鼠尾胶原的24孔塑料培养皿中以每孔8-10×105的密度接种0.5mL。为了喂养,但为了避免漂浮细胞的损失,在第1、5和10天向培养物中加入新鲜培养基(0.2mL)。对于涉及“预处理”PC12细胞的实验,用NGF在补充有1%热in乙酰半胱氨酸衍生马血清的RPM1 1640培养基中预处理培养物1-2周。然后将细胞洗涤并传代到无血清RPM1 1640培养基中[2]。
动物实验
Rats are randomLy allocated into five groups: sham group (n=5), control group with IIR (n=8) and three groups with IIR who are given Acetylcysteine in different dosages: 150 mg/kg intraperitoneally 5 min before ischemia (n=8, group Acetylcysteine 150), 300 mg/kg i.p 5 min before ischemia (n=7, group Acetylcysteine 300), and 150 mg/kg i.p 5 min before ischemia plus 150 mg/kg 5 min before reperfusion (n=7, group Acetylcysteine 150 + 150). After 4 h of reperfusion, the animals are euthanized by exsanguination from the abdominal aorta [6].
药代性质 (ADME/PK)
Absorption, Distribution and Excretion
An 11 g dose in the form of an effervescent tablet for solution reaches a mean Cmax of 26.5 µg/mL, with a Tmax of 2 hours, and an AUC of 186 µg\*h/mL.
An oral dose of radiolabelled acetylcysteine is 13-38% recovered in the urine in the first 24 hours, while 3% is recovered in the feces.
The volume of distribution of acetylcysteine is 0.47 L/kg.
Acetylcysteine has a mean clearance of 0.11 L/hr/kg.
Following oral administration (e.g., when used as an antidote for acetaminophen overdosage), acetylcysteine is absorbed from the GI tract.
Oral acetylcysteine is rapidly absorbed, but the bioavailability is low (10-30%) due to significant first-pass metabolism. Intact acetylcysteine has a relatively small volume of distribution (0.5 L/kg). Serum concentrations after intravenous administration of an initial loading dose of 150 mg/kg over 15 minutes are about 500 mg/L. A steady state plasma concentration of 35 mg/L (10-90 mg/L) was reached in about 12 hours following the loading dose with a continuous infusion of 50 mg/kg over 4 hours and 100 mg/kg over the next 16 hours.
Metabolism / Metabolites
Acetylcysteine can be deacetylated by aminoacylase 1 or other undefined deacetylases before undergoing the normal metabolism of cysteine.
Following oral inhalation or intratracheal instillation, most of the administered drug appears to participate in the sulfhydryl-disulfide reaction; the remainder is absorbed from the pulmonary epithelium, deacetylated by the liver to cysteine, and subsequently metabolized.
Acetylcysteine undergoes rapid deacetylation in vivo to yield cysteine or oxidation to yield diacetylcystine.
Biological Half-Life
The mean terminal half life of acetylcysteine in adults is 5.6 hours and in pre-term neonates is 11 hours.
Following IV administration of acetylcysteine, mean elimination half lives of 5.6 and 11 hours have been reported in adults and in neonates, respectively. The mean elimination half life was increased by 80% in patients with severe liver damage (i.e., alcoholic cirrhosis (Child-Pugh score of 7-13) or primary and/or secondary biliary cirrhosis (Child-Pugh score of 5-11)).
毒性/毒理 (Toxicokinetics/TK)
Hepatotoxicity
Acetylcysteine is a simple modified amino acid and appears to be hepatoprotective. In the many studies of acetylcysteine use with acetaminophen overdose as well as with other conditions such as contrast media nephropathy, pulmonary fibrosis, cystic fibrosis and ulcerative colitis, it has not been associated with serum enzyme elevations during therapy or with episodes of clinically apparent liver injury. Since approval of the oral and intravenous forms of acetylcysteine, there have been no published reports of hepatotoxicity and the product label does not mention liver injury as an adverse event. Indeed, acetylcysteine may be beneficial in treating liver diseases in general, although its current indications are limited to acetaminophen overdose or acetaminophen related acute liver injury.
Likelihood score: E (unlikely cause of clinically apparent liver injury).
Effects During Pregnancy and Lactation
◉ Summary of Use during Lactation
No information is available on the use of acetylcysteine during breastfeeding. To avoid infant exposure, nursing mothers may consider pumping and discarding their milk for 30 hours after administration. Acetylcysteine is very minimally absorbed after inhalation, so breastfeeding can be continued and no special precautions are required.
◉ Effects in Breastfed Infants
Relevant published information was not found as of the revision date.
◉ Effects on Lactation and Breastmilk
Relevant published information was not found as of the revision date.
Protein Binding
Acetylcysteine is 66-97% protein bound in serum, usually to albumin.
Interactions
Guinea pigs were treated with daily drug injections as follows: 1 group received 200 mg kanamycin/kg, sc, 1 group received n-acetylcysteine (300 mg/kg, ip) & the 3rd group received n-acetylcysteine followed by kanamycin 1 hr later. After 7-day recovery, thresholds for detection of the compound action potential were measured. N-acetylcysteine alone had no detectable effect on hearing thresholds. Kanamycin alone produced a moderate (10-20 db) hearing loss below 10 khz & a more severe loss above 10 khz. Animals receiving both n-acetylcysteine & kanamycin had severe hearing losses (40-60 db) at all frequencies between 3 & 30 khz. These data indicate that n-acetylcysteine exerts a strong synergistic effect on kanamycin in producing severe hearing loss & cochlear damage.
The major side effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) using photofrin enhanced skin sensitivity for sunlight which persists for 3-8 weeks after injection. Formation of singlet oxygen and radicals is believed to be involved in the basic mechanism of inducing skin damage. Reducing this side effect would make PDT more widely acceptable particularly for palliative use. Hairless dorsal skin patches of mice injected with 10 mg/kg photofrin ip 24 hr before illumination were used to evaluate the effect of increasing light doses. The light was obtained from a halogen lamp and transmitted via a fiber optic to illuminate a field of 2.5 sq cm. After establishing a dose response relationship for single or fractionated light dose illumination of the skin, drugs known to scavenge radicals, quench singlet oxygen or interfere with histamine release were tested for their protective effect. N-Acetylcysteine, a radical scavenger admin ip (1,000 and 2,000 mg/kg) 1 hr before illumination produced a significant decr in skin damage at light doses > 50 J sq cm (protection factor of 1.3-1.8). When N-acetylcysteine was administered in a dose of 500 mg/kg no protection was observed. Fractionated illumination experiments in combination with multiple injections of N-acetylcysteine (1000 mg/kg) also failed to show any protection. The addition of ranitidine, a histamine blocking agent (25-100 mg/kg) given prior to illumination resulted in a limited protection at higher light doses. From this study /results suggest/ that N-acetylcysteine could be of value in amelioration of the photosensitivity in patients with PDT.
The influence of acetylcysteine on cisplatin nephrotoxicity was investigated in female Wistar rats. Admin of 0.6 mg cisplatin/100 mg bw was followed by oliguria and proteinuria, as well as a significant incr of blood urea nitrogen concn. The ip admin of 0.6 mg cisplatin/100 g body wt concomitantly with 100 mg acetylcysteine/100 g body wt sc completely abolished the nephrotoxic effects of cisplatin. However, following this, the platinum concn in the kidney was decr significantly by acetylcysteine treatment. This was caused by a enhanced urinary excretion of platinum. The same effect on cisplatin nephrotoxicity appeared when cisplatin and acetylcysteine were dissolved together in a soln prior to injection. It could be shown that in this soln a ligand exchange reaction of cisplatin by acetylcysteine started immediately, resulting in incr renal excretion and decr platinum concn in the kidney. ... /Results show/ that the protective effect of acetylcysteine on cisplatin nephrotoxicity is based on the formation of a complex unsuitable for tubular resorption. ...
... Studies have shown that the in utero admin of alcohol alters the activity of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, the major enzyme involved with the break down of glutathione. The implication is that the in utero admin of alcohol interferes with gamma-glutamyl cycle and ultimately alters glutathione levels. ... The in utero admin of alcohol results in a decr in brain and liver glutathione levels in the developing fetus. ... N-Acetylcysteine ... was given to pregnant mothers throughout gestation in a liquid diet concomitantly with a dose of alcohol which produces a decr in body and brain weights. ... N-Acetylcysteine antagonized the effects of alcohol in the developing fetus.
Non-Human Toxicity Values
LD50 Dog oral 1 g/kg
LD50 Rat oral 3 g/kg
LD50 Mouse oral > 3 g/kg
LD50 Rat oral > 6 g/kg
LD50 Dog ip 700 mg/kg
参考文献

[1]. ROS inhibitor N-acetyl-L-cysteine antagonizes the activity of proteasome inhibitors. Biochem J. 2013 Sep 1;454(2):201-8.

[2]. N-acetylcysteine (D- and L-stereoisomers) prevents apoptotic death of neuronal cells. J Neurosci. 1995 Apr;15(4):2857-66.

[3]. Induction of apoptosis by pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate and N-acetylcysteine in vascular smooth muscle cells. J Biol Chem. 1996 Feb 16;271(7):3667-70.

[4]. Prevention of PC12 cell death by N-acetylcysteine requires activation of the Ras pathway. J Neurosci. 1998 Jun 1;18(11):4042-9.

[5]. The antioxidants alpha-lipoic acid and N-acetylcysteine reverse memory impairment and brain oxidative stress in aged SAMP8 mice. J Neurochem. 2003 Mar;84(5):1173-83.

[6]. N-acetylcysteine ameliorates liver injury in a rat model of intestinal ischemia reperfusion. J Surg Res. 2016 Dec;206(2):263-272.

[7]. N-acetylcysteine lacks universal inhibitory activity against influenza A viruses. J Negat Results Biomed. 2011 May 9;10:5.

其他信息
Therapeutic Uses
Antiviral Agents; Expectorants; Free Radical Scavengers
... 113 patients entered into the study were reported to be pregnant at the time of /acetaminophen/ overdose. Follow up including appropriate laboratory and pregnancy data outcome data, was available in 60 cases. Of these, 19 overdosed during the first trimester, 22 during the second trimester and 19 during the third trimester of pregnancy. Of the 24 patients with acetaminophen levels above the acetaminophen overdose nomogram line, 10 were treated with N-acetylcysteine within 10 hr postingestion; eight delivered normal infants, two had elective abortions. Of ten patients treated with N-acetylcysteine 10-16 hr postingestion, five delivered viable infants, two had elective abortions, and three had spontaneous abortions. Of four women treated with N-acetylcysteine 16-24 hr postingestion, one mother died, and there was one spontaneous abortion, one stillbirth, one elective abortion, and one delivery. ...
Acetylcysteine is indicated in the treatment of acetaminophen overdose to protect against hepatotoxicity . /Included in US product labeling/
Acetylcysteine is used in current medical practice in conjunction with chest physiotherapy as mucolytic in patients who have viscid or thickened airway mucus. When administered via direct instillation, it is used to loosen impacted mucus plugs during bronchoscopy. Acetylcysteine can irritate the airways and induce bronchospasm when given by inhalation; therefore, it should be administered simultaneously with or following administration of an inhaled beta-adrenergic bronchodilator. /NOT included in US product labeling/
To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in treating chronic hepatitis B patients, 144 patients with chronic hepatitis B (total bilirubin, TBil>170 mmol/L) from several centers were chosen for a randomized and double blind clinical trial. The patients were divided into a NAC group and a placebo group and all of them were treated with an injection containing the same standardized therapeutic drugs. A daily dose of 8 microgram NAC was added to the injection of the NAC group. The trial lasted 45 days. Hepatic function and other biochemistry parameters were checked at the experimental day 0 and days 15, 30, 45. Each group consisted of 72 patients of similar demology and disease characteristics. During the trial, 28 cases of the 144 patients dropped out. In the NAC group, at day 0 and day 30, the TBil were401.7 vs. 149.2 and 160.1+/-160.6. In the placebo group, the TBil on the corresponding days were 384.1+/-134.0 and 216.3+/-199.9. Its decrease in the NAC group was 62% and 42% in the placebo group. At day 0 and day 45 of treatment, the effective PTa increase rate was 72% in the NAC group and 54% in the placebo group. The total effective rate (TBil + PTa) was 90% in the NAC group and 69% in the placebo group. The parameters of the two groups showed a remarkable difference. The rate of side effects was 14% in the NAC and 5% in the placebo groups. NAC can decrease the level of serum TBil, increase the PTa and reduce the time of hospitalization. NAC showed no serious adverse effects during the period of our treatment. We find that NCA is effective and secure in treating chronic hepatitis B patients.
Drug Warnings
... /Acetylcysteine/ should be used during pregnancy only when clearly needed. ... Since it is not known if acetylcysteine is distributed into human milk, the drug should be used with caution in nursing women.
Anaphylactoid reactions (i.e., acute hypersensitivity reactions such as rash, hypotension, wheezing, and/or dyspnea) have been reported in patients receiving IV acetylcysteine for the treatment of acetaminophen overdosage; in some cases, the anaphylactoid reactions were serious, including death in a patient with asthma. Rash, urticaria, and pruritus are the most frequently reported adverse reactions in patients receiving IV acetylcysteine. Acute flushing and erythema also have occurred; these reactions generally occur 30-60 minutes after initiating the infusion and resolve despite infusion of the drug. Reactions to acetylcysteine that involve manifestations other than flushing and erythema should be considered anaphylactoid reactions and treated as such.
Chest tightness and bronchoconstriction have been reported with acetylcysteine. Clinically overt acetylcysteine-induced bronchospasm occurs rarely and unpredictably, even in patients with asthmatic bronchitis or bronchitis complicating bronchial asthma. Occasionally, patients receiving oral inhalation of acetylcysteine develop increased airway obstruction of varying and unpredictable severity. Patients who have had such reactions to previous therapy with acetylcysteine may not react during subsequent therapy with the drug, and patients who have had inhalation treatments with acetylcysteine without incident may react to subsequent therapy.
Nausea, vomiting, and other GI symptoms may occur following oral administration of acetylcysteine in the treatment of acetaminophen overdosage. The drug may also aggravate vomiting associated with acetaminophen overdosage. Administration of dilute acetylcysteine solutions may minimize the tendency of the drug to aggravate vomiting.
For more Drug Warnings (Complete) data for N-ACETYLCYSTEINE (15 total), please visit the HSDB record page.
Pharmacodynamics
Acetylcysteine is indicated for mucolytic therapy and in the management of acetaminophen overdose. It has a short duration of action as it is given every 1-8 hours depending on route of administration, and has a wide therapeutic window. Patients should be counselled regarding diluting oral solutions in cola for taste masking, the risk of hypersensitivity, and the risk of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage.
*注: 文献方法仅供参考, InvivoChem并未独立验证这些方法的准确性
化学信息 & 存储运输条件
分子式
C5H9NO3S
分子量
163.1949
精确质量
163.03
元素分析
C, 36.80; H, 5.56; N, 8.58; O, 29.41; S, 19.65
CAS号
616-91-1
相关CAS号
Acetylcysteine-d3;131685-11-5;Acetylcysteine-15N
PubChem CID
12035
外观&性状
White to off-white solid powder
密度
1.3±0.1 g/cm3
沸点
407.7±40.0 °C at 760 mmHg
熔点
106-108 °C(lit.)
闪点
200.4±27.3 °C
蒸汽压
0.0±2.0 mmHg at 25°C
折射率
1.519
来源
Micro-organism; Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids
LogP
-0.15
tPSA
105.2
氢键供体(HBD)数目
3
氢键受体(HBA)数目
4
可旋转键数目(RBC)
3
重原子数目
10
分子复杂度/Complexity
148
定义原子立体中心数目
1
SMILES
S([H])C([H])([H])[C@@]([H])(C(=O)O[H])N([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])=O
InChi Key
PWKSKIMOESPYIA-BYPYZUCNSA-N
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C5H9NO3S/c1-3(7)6-4(2-10)5(8)9/h4,10H,2H2,1H3,(H,6,7)(H,8,9)/t4-/m0/s1
化学名
Cysteine, N-acetyl-, L-
别名
Acetylcysteine; N-Acetyl-L-cysteine; acetylcysteine; 616-91-1; N-Acetylcysteine; mercapturic acid; Acetadote; L-Acetylcysteine; Broncholysin; Parvolex; Mucosil
HS Tariff Code
2934.99.9001
存储方式

Powder      -20°C    3 years

                     4°C     2 years

In solvent   -80°C    6 months

                  -20°C    1 month

注意: 本产品在运输和储存过程中需避光。
运输条件
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
溶解度数据
溶解度 (体外实验)
H2O : ~100 mg/mL (~612.78 mM)
DMSO : ≥ 100 mg/mL (~612.78 mM)
溶解度 (体内实验)
配方 1 中的溶解度: 120 mg/mL (735.34 mM) in PBS (这些助溶剂从左到右依次添加,逐一添加), 澄清溶液; 超声助溶。

配方 2 中的溶解度: ~120 mg/mL (735 mM) in PBS

请根据您的实验动物和给药方式选择适当的溶解配方/方案:
1、请先配制澄清的储备液(如:用DMSO配置50 或 100 mg/mL母液(储备液));
2、取适量母液,按从左到右的顺序依次添加助溶剂,澄清后再加入下一助溶剂。以 下列配方为例说明 (注意此配方只用于说明,并不一定代表此产品 的实际溶解配方):
10% DMSO → 40% PEG300 → 5% Tween-80 → 45% ddH2O (或 saline);
假设最终工作液的体积为 1 mL, 浓度为5 mg/mL: 取 100 μL 50 mg/mL 的澄清 DMSO 储备液加到 400 μL PEG300 中,混合均匀/澄清;向上述体系中加入50 μL Tween-80,混合均匀/澄清;然后继续加入450 μL ddH2O (或 saline)定容至 1 mL;

3、溶剂前显示的百分比是指该溶剂在最终溶液/工作液中的体积所占比例;
4、 如产品在配制过程中出现沉淀/析出,可通过加热(≤50℃)或超声的方式助溶;
5、为保证最佳实验结果,工作液请现配现用!
6、如不确定怎么将母液配置成体内动物实验的工作液,请查看说明书或联系我们;
7、 以上所有助溶剂都可在 Invivochem.cn网站购买。
制备储备液 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 6.1278 mL 30.6391 mL 61.2783 mL
5 mM 1.2256 mL 6.1278 mL 12.2557 mL
10 mM 0.6128 mL 3.0639 mL 6.1278 mL

1、根据实验需要选择合适的溶剂配制储备液 (母液):对于大多数产品,InvivoChem推荐用DMSO配置母液 (比如:5、10、20mM或者10、20、50 mg/mL浓度),个别水溶性高的产品可直接溶于水。产品在DMSO 、水或其他溶剂中的具体溶解度详见上”溶解度 (体外)”部分;

2、如果您找不到您想要的溶解度信息,或者很难将产品溶解在溶液中,请联系我们;

3、建议使用下列计算器进行相关计算(摩尔浓度计算器、稀释计算器、分子量计算器、重组计算器等);

4、母液配好之后,将其分装到常规用量,并储存在-20°C或-80°C,尽量减少反复冻融循环。

计算器

摩尔浓度计算器可计算特定溶液所需的质量、体积/浓度,具体如下:

  • 计算制备已知体积和浓度的溶液所需的化合物的质量
  • 计算将已知质量的化合物溶解到所需浓度所需的溶液体积
  • 计算特定体积中已知质量的化合物产生的溶液的浓度
使用摩尔浓度计算器计算摩尔浓度的示例如下所示:
假如化合物的分子量为350.26 g/mol,在5mL DMSO中制备10mM储备液所需的化合物的质量是多少?
  • 在分子量(MW)框中输入350.26
  • 在“浓度”框中输入10,然后选择正确的单位(mM)
  • 在“体积”框中输入5,然后选择正确的单位(mL)
  • 单击“计算”按钮
  • 答案17.513 mg出现在“质量”框中。以类似的方式,您可以计算体积和浓度。

稀释计算器可计算如何稀释已知浓度的储备液。例如,可以输入C1、C2和V2来计算V1,具体如下:

制备25毫升25μM溶液需要多少体积的10 mM储备溶液?
使用方程式C1V1=C2V2,其中C1=10mM,C2=25μM,V2=25 ml,V1未知:
  • 在C1框中输入10,然后选择正确的单位(mM)
  • 在C2框中输入25,然后选择正确的单位(μM)
  • 在V2框中输入25,然后选择正确的单位(mL)
  • 单击“计算”按钮
  • 答案62.5μL(0.1 ml)出现在V1框中
g/mol

分子量计算器可计算化合物的分子量 (摩尔质量)和元素组成,具体如下:

注:化学分子式大小写敏感:C12H18N3O4  c12h18n3o4
计算化合物摩尔质量(分子量)的说明:
  • 要计算化合物的分子量 (摩尔质量),请输入化学/分子式,然后单击“计算”按钮。
分子质量、分子量、摩尔质量和摩尔量的定义:
  • 分子质量(或分子量)是一种物质的一个分子的质量,用统一的原子质量单位(u)表示。(1u等于碳-12中一个原子质量的1/12)
  • 摩尔质量(摩尔重量)是一摩尔物质的质量,以g/mol表示。
/

配液计算器可计算将特定质量的产品配成特定浓度所需的溶剂体积 (配液体积)

  • 输入试剂的质量、所需的配液浓度以及正确的单位
  • 单击“计算”按钮
  • 答案显示在体积框中
动物体内实验配方计算器(澄清溶液)
第一步:请输入基本实验信息(考虑到实验过程中的损耗,建议多配一只动物的药量)
第二步:请输入动物体内配方组成(配方适用于不溶/难溶于水的化合物),不同的产品和批次配方组成不同,如对配方有疑问,可先联系我们提供正确的体内实验配方。此外,请注意这只是一个配方计算器,而不是特定产品的确切配方。
+
+
+

计算结果:

工作液浓度 mg/mL;

DMSO母液配制方法 mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液(母液浓度 mg/mL)。如该浓度超过该批次药物DMSO溶解度,请首先与我们联系。

体内配方配制方法μL DMSO母液,加入 μL PEG300,混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80,混匀澄清后加入 μL ddH2O,混匀澄清。

(1) 请确保溶液澄清之后,再加入下一种溶剂 (助溶剂) 。可利用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等方法助溶;
            (2) 一定要按顺序加入溶剂 (助溶剂) 。

临床试验信息
Treatment of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) With N-acetylcysteine
CTID: NCT00775476
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-11-29
Clinical Study Evaluating Efficacy, Safety and Molecular Mechanism of Both N-acetylcysteine and Pentoxifylline Supplementation in Patients With Hepatic and Post Hepatic Jaundice
CTID: NCT06236165
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-11-22
Redox Regulation of Satellite Cells and Skeletal Muscle Healing
CTID: NCT03711838
Phase: N/A    Status: Completed
Date: 2024-11-20
Role of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Type 1 Gaucher Disease (GD1)
CTID: NCT02583672
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-11-18
Adjunctive NAC in Adult Patients With Pulmonary Tuberculosis
CTID: NCT03702738
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Completed
Date: 2024-11-12
View More

Oral N-acetylcysteine for Retinitis Pigmentosa
CTID: NCT05537220
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-11-12


NAC for Promoting Hematopoietic Recovery in Patients With Acute Myeloid Leukemia After Chemotherapy
CTID: NCT06024031
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Active, not recruiting
Date: 2024-11-07
The Effects of Kynurenine Aminotransferase Inhibition in People With Schizophrenia
CTID: NCT04013555
Phase: Phase 1/Phase 2    Status: Completed
Date: 2024-11-05
A Study of N-Acetylcysteine (N-AC) in People Receiving CAR T-cell Therapy for Lymphoma
CTID: NCT05081479
Phase: Phase 1    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-10-31
N-Acetyl-cysteine in Early Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
CTID: NCT03346681
PhaseEarly Phase 1    Status: Withdrawn
Date: 2024-10-31
N-Acetylcysteine to Prevent Radiocontrast Nephropathy in Emergency Department Patients
CTID: NCT00780962
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Completed
Date: 2024-10-29
Antioxidant Therapy With N-acetylcysteine for Learning and Motor Behavior in Children With Neurofibromatosis Type 1
CTID: NCT04481035
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Active, not recruiting
Date: 2024-10-18
GWICTIC: NAC Mechanistic Study in Gulf War Veterans
CTID: NCT04987775
PhaseEarly Phase 1    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-10-15
Antioxidant Therapy With N-acetylcysteine for Children With Neurofibromatosis Type 1
CTID: NCT04481048
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Active, not recruiting
Date: 2024-10-09
A Pan-TB Regimen Targeting Host and Microbe
CTID: NCT05686356
Phase: Phase 2/Phase 3    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-10-08
Glutathione in Mild Cognitive Impairment
CTID: NCT03493178
PhaseEarly Phase 1    Status: Active, not recruiting
Date: 2024-10-08
Effectiveness of N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) in Motivational Enhancement Therapy for Nicotine Addiction
CTID: NCT05903014
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2024-10-08
Efficacy and Safety of the Combination of Acetylcysteine, Paracetamol and Phenylephrine for the Treatment of Common Cold
CTID: NCT05070650
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Withdrawn
Date: 2024-09-26
Use of N-Acetylcysteine in the Treatment of Repetitive and Self-Injurious Behaviors in Cornelia de Lange Syndrome
CTID: NCT04381897
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Not yet recruiting
Date: 2024-09-26
PET-MRI in Chronic Traumatic Brain Injury (CTBI)
CTID: NCT03241732
Phase: N/A    Status: Enrolling by invitation
Date: 2024-09-19
Study of N-acetylcysteine in the Treatment of Patients With the m.3243A>G Mutation and Low Brain Glutathione Levels
CTID: NCT05241262
Phase: Phase 1    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-09-19
Mechanisms for the Effect of Acetylcysteine on Renal Function After Exposure to Radiographic Contrast Material
CTID: NCT00558142
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2024-09-19
Targeting the Neurobiology of RRB in Autism Using N-acetylcysteine: Open Label
CTID: NCT05494398
Phase: Phase 2/Phase 3    Status: Enrolling by invitation
Date: 2024-08-26
The ACTS Trial: N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and Night-splinting as a Non-operative Treatment for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
CTID: NCT04460521
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-08-23
LiveSpo Navax® Supports the Treatment of Acute Rhinosinusitis and Otitis Media
CTID: NCT05804123
Phase: N/A    Status: Completed
Date: 2024-08-22
Effect of N-Acetylcysteine on Autologous Fat Graft Survival
CTID: NCT02788292
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Withdrawn
Date: 2024-08-21
Neurocircuit Strategy to Decrease Cocaine Cue Reactivity
CTID: NCT04155632
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Active, not recruiting
Date: 2024-08-20
Efficacy & Safety of Dry Powder Ivy Extract (Syrup Prospan) Versus NAC Among COPD Patients
CTID: NCT06377410
Phase: N/A    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-08-20
A Pilot Trial of Tapering Antipsychotics for Patients in Remitted Psychosis Co-administering With N-Acetylcysteine
CTID: NCT06546475
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Not yet recruiting
Date: 2024-08-09
Efficacy of N-acetylcysteine on the Craving Symptoms of Abstinent Hospitalized Patients With Cocaine Addiction
CTID: NCT03423667
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-08-06
N-Acetylcysteine for Smoking Cessation in Tobacco and Cannabis Co-Use
CTID: NCT04627922
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-08-06
NAC for Hematopoietic Recovery in SAA
CTID: NCT06518044
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Not yet recruiting
Date: 2024-07-24
Targeting the Neurobiology of RRB in Autism Using N-acetylcysteine: Single-dose
CTID: NCT04278898
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-07-24
Ameliorating Contrast Induced Nephropathy After Coronary Angiography
CTID: NCT06139952
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2024-07-11
A Study of Oxidative Pathways in MS Fatigue
CTID: NCT02804594
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Completed
Date: 2024-07-09
Reducing Respiratory Symptoms of Pulmonary Irradiation in Interstitial Lung Disease
CTID: NCT05986318
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Not yet recruiting
Date: 2024-07-08
Drug Nephrotoxicity Amelioration by N-acetylcysteine
CTID: NCT06122311
Phase: N/A    Status: Completed
Date: 2024-07-05
Effect of N-acetyl Cysteine and Zinc in Management of Head and Neck Cancer Radiotherapy Induced Oral Mucositis
CTID: NCT06482034
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-07-01
Evaluating the Hypothesized Mechanism of Action of N-acetylcysteine for Bipolar Disorder
CTID: NCT05340504
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Completed
Date: 2024-06-26
Glutathione, Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Function in COVID-19
CTID: NCT04703036
PhaseEarly Phase 1    Status: Terminated
Date: 2024-06-26
Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) and Sex-Specific Responses to N-acetylcysteine (NAC)
CTID: NCT06311045
Phase: N/A    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-06-24
Behavioral Effects of Drugs (Inpatient): 43 (Opioids, Cocaine, n-Acetylcysteine)
CTID: NCT05610072
PhaseEarly Phase 1    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-06-10
A Study of N-acetylcysteine in Patients With COVID-19 Infection
CTID: NCT04374461
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Active, not recruiting
Date: 2024-06-05
Amiodarone and N-Acetylcysteine or Amiodarone Alone for Preventing Atrial Fibrillation After Thoracic Surgery
CTID: NCT02750319
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Active, not recruiting
Date: 2024-05-16
Neuroprotection With N-acetyl Cysteine for Patients With Progressive Multiple Sclerosis
CTID: NCT05122559
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-05-07
Combination of Vitamin C and N-Acetylcysteine to Improve Functional Outcome After Rotator Cuff Repair
CTID: NCT06384833
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Not yet recruiting
Date: 2024-04-25
Marijuana Cue-Reactivity & Seeking Behavior in Regular Cannabis Users
CTID: NCT03154580
Phase: Phase 1    Status: Completed
Date: 2024-04-23
Tolerability of Enteral NAC in Infants
CTID: NCT06260566
Phase: Phase 1    Status: Not yet recruiting
Date: 2024-04-15
Effects of N-acetyl Cysteine During Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
CTID: NCT01878669
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Active, not recruiting
Date: 2024-04-09
Pilon Fracture With Intra-articular Injection of N-Acetylcysteine (Pilon NAC)
CTID: NCT03652753
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-03-27
Physiological Effects of N-Acetyl Cysteine in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis
CTID: NCT03032601
Phase: N/A    Status: Enrolling by invitation
Date: 2024-03-26
N-Acetylcysteine in Biliary Atresia After Kasai Portoenterostomy
CTID: NCT03499249
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Completed
Date: 2024-03-26
Glutathione, Brain Metabolism and Inflammation in Alzheimer's Disease
CTID: NCT04740580
PhaseEarly Phase 1    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-03-21
Defining N-Acetyl Cysteine as a Treatment for Inhibiting Prurogenic Stimuli
CTID: NCT05287724
PhaseEarly Phase 1    Status: Completed
Date: 2024-03-06
Memory and Antioxidants in Vascular Impairment Trial
CTID: NCT03306979
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Completed
Date: 2024-03-05
N-Acetylcysteine for Youth Cannabis Use Disorder
CTID: NCT03055377
Phase: Phase 2/Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2024-02-28
N-Acetylcysteine for Adolescent Alcohol Use Disorder
CTID: NCT03707951
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Completed
Date: 2024-02-28
Effect of NAC on Preventing Chemo-Related Cognitive Impairments in Ovarian Ca Pts Treated W/ PBT
CTID: NCT04520139
Phase: Phase 1/Phase 2    Status: Not yet recruiting
Date: 2024-02-26
Effects of NAC on Symptoms of CHR Patients
CTID: NCT05142735
Phase: N/A    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-02-26
Comparative Clinical Study to Evaluate the Possible Efficacy and Safety of Oral N-Acetyl Cysteine Versus Rectal Diclofenac in the Prevention of Post Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography Pancreatitis
CTID: NCT06252441
Phase: Phase 1/Phase 2    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-02-09
Prospective Treatment Efficacy in IPF Using Genotype for Nac Selection (PRECISIONS) Trial
CTID: NCT04300920
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Active, not recruiting
Date: 2024-02-02
An Optimal Dose Finding Study of N-Acetylcysteine in Patients With Myeloproliferative Neoplasms
CTID: NCT05123365
Phase: Phase 1/Phase 2    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-01-18
Effect of Oral N-Acetyl Cysteine in Prevention of Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Preterm Neonates With Feeding Intolerance
CTID: NCT06202911
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Active, not recruiting
Date: 2024-01-12
Effects of Antiplatelet and Antioxidant Agents on Drusen Progression: A Pilot, Prospective Cohort Study
CTID: NCT06165068
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2023-12-15
Imaging GABAergic/Glutamatergic Drugs in Bipolar Alcoholics Alcoholics
CTID: NCT03220776
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Completed
Date: 2023-12-13
Intravenous N-acetylcysteine and Oseltamivir Versus Oseltamivir in Adults Hospitalized With Influenza and Pneumonia
CTID: NCT03900988
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2023-11-27
Oxidative Stress and Surgical Recovery
CTID: NCT04732000
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Active, not recruiting
Date: 2023-11-22
N-acetylcysteine (NAC) for the Treatment of Acute Exacerbation of COPD
CTID: NCT05706402
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2023-11-18
Evaluation of Using Dienogest and N-Acetyl Cysteine on the Volume of Uterine Leiomyoma
CTID: NCT06115408
Phase: Phase 2/Phase 3    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2023-11-03
Intratympanic Administration of N-acetylcysteine for Protection of Cisplatin-induced Ototoxicity
CTID: NCT04226456
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Terminated
Date: 2023-10-24
A Prospective, Randomized TrialComparing Oral N-Acetylcysteine and Intravenous Sodium Bicarbonate
CTID: NCT00579995
Phase: N/A    Status: Terminated
Date: 2023-09-21
Comparison of Dexamethasone and N Acetylcysteine (NAC) Versus N Acetylcysteine (NAC) Alone in the Prevention of Post Embolization Syndrome in Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma Following Transarterial Chemoembolization.
CTID: NCT06039280
Phase: N/A    Status: Not yet recruiting
Date: 2023-09-15
Intratympanic N-Acetylcysteine for Prevention of Cisplatin-induced Ototoxicity.
CTID: NCT04291209
Phase: Phase 1/Phase 2    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2023-09-06
Role of N-Acetylcysteine for Prevention of Cisplatin-induced Nephrotoxicity
CTID: NCT06019520
Phase: N/A    Status: Active, not recruiting
Date: 2023-08-31
Signatures of N-Ac for Non-Suicidal Self-Injury in Adolescents
CTID: NCT04005053
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Completed
Date: 2023-08-15
NAC for Attenuation of COVID-19 Symptomatology
CTID: NCT05074121
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Not yet recruiting
Date: 2023-08-07
N-Acetylcysteine Protection Against Radiation Induced Cellular Damage
CTID: NCT04154982
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2023-08-02
A Study of NAC for AUD
CTID: NCT04964843
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Withdrawn
Date: 2023-07-21
Glutamate-Glutamine Cycling (VCYC) During Cocaine Abstinence Using 1H-MRS
CTID: NCT02124941
Phase: Phase 1    Status: Completed
Date: 2023-07-07
N-acetylcysteine Reduces Acetaldehyde Levels in Binge Alcohol Drinking
CTID: NCT05911282
Phase: N/A    Status: Completed
Date: 2023-06-22
Neuroscience-Informed Treatment Development for Adolescent Alcohol Use
CTID: NCT03238300
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Completed
Date: 2023-06-22
NAC Treatment and Outcomes in Patients With Advanced Atherosclerosis and DM
CTID: NCT05908513
Phase: Phase 1    Status: Withdrawn
Date: 2023-06-18
The Use of N-acetylcysteine for Thrombo
Pilot study: postoperative pain reduction by pre emptive N-Acetylcysteine
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2020-11-18
Time-dependent activity of N-acetylcysteine on plasma antioxidant capacity in subjects with redox unbalance-Studio CAPITAL
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Ongoing
Date: 2020-10-07
Intratympanic injection of N-acetylcysteine for prevention of Cisplatine-induced ototoxicity
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2020-01-22
Efficacy and safety of acetylcysteine for the treatment of acute uncomplicated rhinosinusitis: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2019-12-20
Cardiac Arrhythmia catheter ablation procedures guided by x-Ray imaging: N-Acetylcysteine Protection Against radiation induced Cellular damagE (CARAPACE Study).
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Ongoing
Date: 2019-09-27
RENACTIF: Reduction of the Thrombotic Phenotype in Renal Insufficiency With N-AcetylCysteine : A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Cross-over Trial
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Completed
Date: 2019-03-04
Efficacy of N-acetylcysteine on the craving symptoms of hospitalized patients with cocaine addiction.
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Ongoing
Date: 2018-11-27
Hyperoxia and antioxidant intervention during major non-cardiac surgery and risk of cerebral and cardiovascular complications, a blinded 2x2 factorial randomized clinical trial
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2018-02-01
A Randomised Open Label Exploratory, Safety and Tolerability Study with PP100-01 in Patients Treated with the 12-hour Regimen of N-Acetylcysteine for Paracetamol/Acetaminophen Overdose
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 1    Status: Completed
Date: 2017-04-25
Multimodal Prevention of First Psychotic Episode – a 2x2-Factorial Randomized Trial investigating the efficacy of Acetylcysteine (ACC) and Integrated Preventive Psychological Intervention (IPPI) in Subjects Clinically at High Risk for Psychosis
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2016-07-07
N-acetylcysteine for the treatment of cannabis dependence: working mechanisms
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Ongoing
Date: 2016-02-22
The mechanism of action of N-ACetylcysteine for reducing the risk of Infection in Alcoholic Hepatitis
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: GB - no longer in EU/EEA
Date: 2015-03-06
High Dose Antioxidant Treatment for Patients with Cystic Fibrosis
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Completed
Date: 2014-05-27
NACOS - The effect of N-acetylcystein for depressive symptoms in patients with bipolar depression - A double blind randomized placebo-controlled trial with follow up
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Completed
Date: 2013-11-29
A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Phase 2 Study of the Safety and Tolerability of N–Acetylcysteine in Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis with Background Treatment of Pirfenidone
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Completed
Date: 2013-06-18
Use of N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) and Simeticone as a pre-endoscopic drink to improve mucosal visualisation during gastroscopy: A randomised controlled trial
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Completed
Date: 2013-05-23
N-Acetylcysteine in patients with Sickle Cell Disease. Reducing the incidence of daily life pain in patients with sickle cell disease
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed, GB - no longer in EU/EEA, Prematurely Ended
Date: 2013-03-21
EFFECT OF ADJUVANT TREATMENT WITH N - ACETYLCYSTEINE DURING 48 WEEKS ON THE LOSS OF GREY SUBSTANCE AND OXIDATIVE METABOLISM IN PATIENTS WITH EARLY ONSET PSYCHOTIC EPISODES: BLIND, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED, RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Ongoing
Date: 2013-02-14
Randomized double blinde placebo controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy of N-acetylcystein in patients with chronic pancreatitis and primary sclerosing cholangitis.
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Prematurely Ended
Date: 2012-12-04
MEthylprednisoloneNacinHepatIcResections “MENHIR”
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Ongoing
Date: 2012-11-13
Bioavailability of oral N-acetylcysteine in different intensive care unit patient groups
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Ongoing
Date: 2011-09-21
Ensayo clínico en adrenomieloneuropatía (AMN): validación de biomarcadores de estrés oxidativo, eficacia y tolerancia de la combinación de antioxidantes N-acetilcisteína, ácido lipoico y vitamina E
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Prematurely Ended
Date: 2011-06-30
Effect of N-acetylcysteine on hydrogen sulfide in chronic kidney disease
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Ongoing
Date: 2011-06-24
A EUROPEAN MULTICENTER OPEN-LABEL RANDOMIZED TRIAL TO EVALUATE THE REDUCTION OF ISCHEMIA / REPERFUSION INJURY AFTER DE NOVO SIMULTANEOUS PANCREAS/KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION IN TYPE 1-DIABETIC PATIENTS COMPARING A CONTROL GROUP VERSUS TREATMENT WITH PER-OPERATIVE N ACETYLCYSTEINE AND ANTITHROMBIN III VERSUS N ACETYLCYSTEINE ALONE
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2010-12-07
N-Acetytilcysteine Versus placebo for the prevention of Acute Reduction in Renal function after primary Angioplasty (NoVARA)
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Ongoing
Date: 2010-10-22
THERAPEUTIC EFFECTIIVENESS OF N-ACETYL-CYSTEINE AND ASCORBIC ACID IN PATIENTS WITH ALKAPTONURIA-OCHRONOSIS
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Prematurely Ended
Date: 2010-05-27
Treatment of patients with cystic fibrosis with N-acetylcysteine
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2010-05-21
A randomised, double-blind study evaluating the safety, tolerability, protein accretion, amino acid plasma levels and long-term outcome of Neoven compared to Vaminolact(R) in premature very low birth weight (VLBW) infants
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Prematurely Ended
Date: 2010-05-17
A randomised, double-blind study of the safety and efficacy of Neoven compared to Vaminolact in infants and children requiring long-term parenteral nutrition
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Prematurely Ended
Date: 2010-04-19
A randomised, double-blind study evaluating the safety, tolerability and clinical outcome of Neoven compared to Vaminolact in premature ELBW infants
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Prematurely Ended, Completed
Date: 2010-04-08
Scottish and Newcastle Anti-emetic Pre-treatment for Paracetamol Poisoning study (SNAP)
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2010-04-01
Effectiveness of acetylcysteine in first line therapy to cure Helicobacter pylori. Pilot study.
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Completed
Date: 2010-02-22
Nyreprofylakse ved ST-segment elevation myokardie infarkt og primær PCI
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2010-02-16
The effect of inhaled N-Acetylcysteine compared to normal saline on sputum rheology and lung function
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2009-11-13
EFFECT OF ACUTE ADMINISTRATION OF N-ACETYLCYSTEINE ON BLOOD PRESSURE OF PULMONARY ARTERIAL IN PRIMARY PULMONARY HYPERTENSION.
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Ongoing
Date: 2009-10-01
Glutathione Status in Platelets From Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: Therapeutic Potential of N-acetylcysteine to Help Prevent Platelet Hyperaggregability
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2009-09-14
The DIEP flap as a model of ischemia-reperfusion: an intervention study
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2009-06-10
A randomised factorial trial of N-acetylcysteine prophylaxis and iso-osmolar versus low-osmolar contrast media on kidney function in patients at risk of contrast induced nephropathy following cardiac catheterisation for percutaneous coronary interventions - the “CON NEC T” trial
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: GB - no longer in EU/EEA
Date: 2009-05-28
Effect of N-acetylcysteine on thiopurine related hepatotoxicity in IBD patients
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Ongoing
Date: 2009-05-13
Effectiveness of acetylcysteine in ‘rescue’ therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection. Pilot Study
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Completed
Date: 2009-04-20
Effects of the prolonged administration of N-acetylcysteine on tissutal oxigenation and healing of foot ulcers in diabetic patients.
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Ongoing
Date: 2009-03-12
A randomised, double-blind study evaluating the safety, tolerability, and amino acid plasma levels of Neoven compared to Vaminolact in infants after surgical interventions.
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Completed
Date: 2008-10-17
The role of the antioxidants ascorbic acid and n-acetylcysteine in the attenuation of ischaemia reperfusion injury in a human model
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Ongoing
Date: 2008-09-12
The effect of intraoperative N-acetylcysteine on hepatocellular injury during laparoscopic bariatric surgery. A randomised controlled trial.
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Prematurely Ended
Date: 2008-07-21
A Phase 3, Multinational, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of EN3285 for the Prevention or Delay to Onset of Severe Oral Mucositis in Subjects with Head and Neck Cancer Receiving Chemoradiotherapy
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2008-06-11
AEROSOLIC TREATMENT OF ACUTE AND RECURRENT RHINOSINUSITIS DURING INTERCRITICAL STAGES : SINGLE BLIND CLINICAL STUDY, N-ACETYLCISTEIN VS AMBROXOL, ASSOCIATED WITH CORTISONE THERAPY
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2008-01-28
A randomized double-blind study of N-Acetylcysteine vs. placebo to Prevent Neurotoxicity induced by Platinum containing chemotherapy in patients treated for (Non)Small Cell Lung Cancer and Malignant Mesothelioma.
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Prematurely Ended
Date: 2008-01-03
Therapy of hyperhomocysteinemia in hemodialysis patients:effects of acetylcysteine and folates.
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Ongoing
Date: 2007-10-01
N-Acetylcysteine for Treatment of Sickle Cell Disease
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Ongoing
Date: 2007-08-14
Mechanisms for the effect of acetylcysteine on renal function after exposure to radiographic contrast material
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2007-08-13
Antioxidanter vid Stapedotomi
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Ongoing
Date: 2007-05-24
Does N-Acetylcysteine (Parvolex) prophylaxis reduce the incidence of renal impairment after on pump Coronary artery bypass surgery? A prospective randomised controlled trial.
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Prematurely Ended
Date: 2007-05-22
EVALUATION OF THE CLINICAL AND MICROBIOLOGICAL EFFICACY OF N-ACETILCISTEINA 600 MG, IN COMBINATION TO CEFPODOXIMA PROXETILE, IN THE THERAPY OF THE INFECTIONS OF THE HIGH RESPIRATORY WAYS IN ADULT PATIENTS CLINICAL STUDY MULTICENTRIC, TO GROUPS PARALLELS, DOUBLE - BLIND VS PLACEBO
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Prematurely Ended
Date: 2007-05-21
Randomized, single-blind, clinical and MRI study for evaluation of safety and efficacy of N-Acetyl Cysteine (NAC) associated with high-dose beta-Interferon in Relapsing-Remitting (RR) multiple sclerosis patients
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Ongoing
Date: 2007-04-24
Steady-state pharmacokinetics of high dose acetaminophen inpost-op children. Rational use of N-acetyl cysteine for prevention of liver toxicity related to cumulative doses.
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Prematurely Ended
Date: 2007-04-17
Treatment of systemic effects in patients with COPD
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Ongoing
Date: 2006-12-18
Does prophylactic N acetylcysteine reduce the incidence of contrast nephropathy in patients undergoing peripheral angiography
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2006-12-08
Modulation of lung injury complicating lung resection
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2006-11-29
Rare Diseases with microvascular involvement. High Dose Intravenous N-acetylcysteine versus Iloprost for early, rapidly
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Ongoing
Date: 2006-10-13
INFLUENCE OF THE ANTIOXIDANT N-ACETYLCYSTEINE ON INHALED NITRIC OXIDE INDUCED PULMONARY RESPONSES FOLLOWING HUMAN LUNG ISCHAEMIA-REPERFUSION INJURY
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Prematurely Ended
Date: 2006-03-24
POLICYSTIC OVARIAN SYNDROME AND NITRIC OXIDE. EFFECTS OF TREATMENT WITH N-ACETYLCYSTEINE AND ARGININE
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2005-11-23
NAC EFFECT ON OXIDATIVE STRESS AND MUSCLE FUNCTION IN COPD PATIENTS.
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2005-11-11
EFFECTS OF TREATMENT WITH L-ARGININE ASSOCIATED TO N-ACETILCYSTEINE IN PATIENTS WITH CORONARY ISCHEMIC CARDIOPATHY EVALUATED WITH MYOCARDIAL SPECT (TC99) WITH EXERCISE
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Prematurely Ended
Date: 2005-07-01
N-acetylcystein til gravide med præeklampsi
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Ongoing
Date: 2005-06-08
ADMINISTRATION S EFFECTS OF L-ARGININE AND N-ACETYLCYSTEINE ON NITRIC OXIDE S PRODUCTION AND ON BLOOD PRESSURE IN DIABETIC AND HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS.
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2004-12-30
N-Acetylcisteine (NAC) effect on the inmunologycal system
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2004-08-23
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生物数据图片
  • Kaplan-Meier survival analysis after H1N1 virus inoculation in mock- and N-acetylcysteine-treated mice (n = 10).[7]. Garigliany MM, et al. N-acetylcysteine lacks universal inhibitory activity against influenza A viruses. J Negat Results Biomed. 2011 May 9;10:5
  • Effect of mock and N-acetylcysteine oral treatment on body weight course after inoculation of 10 DL50 of H1N1 virus in mice. Means ± SD (n = 10).[7]. Garigliany MM, et al. N-acetylcysteine lacks universal inhibitory activity against influenza A viruses. J Negat Results Biomed. 2011 May 9;10:5
  • Effect of N-Acetylcysteine on swine H1N1 virus replication in Vero cells. Vero cells were infected with A/swine/Iowa/4/1976 (H1N1) at a MOI of 0.01. N-acetylcysteine treatment was started 1 hour post-infection and continued up to 48 hours post-infection. Viral titers were determined 48 hours post-infection. Data represent the mean ± SD of two independent experiments.[7]. Garigliany MM, et al. N-acetylcysteine lacks universal inhibitory activity against influenza A viruses. J Negat Results Biomed. 2011 May 9;10:5
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