Myristic acid   中文名称: 正十四碳酸

Absorption, Distribution and Excretion
IN NORMAL RATS, HIGHER RADIOACTIVITY WAS FOUND IN HEART, LIVER, SPLEEN & ADRENALS 2 HR AFTER ADMIN OF PALMITIC ACID THAN AFTER ADMIN OF MYRISTIC ACID. IN GRANULOMA POUCH-BEARING RATS, RADIOACTIVITY SHOWED HIGHER DISTRIBUTION IN ADRENALS & POUCH EXUDATE 2 HR AFTER PALMITIC ACID ADMIN, COMPARED TO THOSE GIVEN MYRISTIC ACID. RADIOACTIVITY IN THE POUCH WALL WAS GREATER IN RATS GIVEN MYRISTIC ACID.
Fatty acids originating from adipose tissue stores are either bound to serum albumin or remain unesterified in the blood.
Oleic, Palmitic, Myristic, and Stearic Acids are primarily transported via the lymphatic system, and Lauric Acid is transported by the lymphatic and (as a free fatty acid) portal systems.

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Metabolism / Metabolites
IN RATS FED COCONUT OIL, MYRISTIC ACID WAS ONE OF THE PRINCIPAL FATTY ACIDS PRESENT IN HEPATIC AND ADIPOSE TISSUE TRIGLYCERIDES. ETHANOL INCR THE PROPORTIONS OF MYRISTIC ACID.
IN ADDITION TO METABOLISM BY BETA-OXIDATION, MYRISTIC ACID HAS BEEN SHOWN TO UNDERGO CHAIN ELONGATION TO PALMITIC & STEARIC ACIDS, DESATURATION TO MYRISTOLEIC ACID & INCORPORATION INTO HEPATIC NEUTRAL LIPIDS (& TO A LESSER EXTENT, PHOSPHOLIPIDS).
THE CONVERSION OF SATURATED FATTY ACIDS TO MONOUNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS BY THE 9000 X G SUPERNATANT RAT LIVER HOMOGENATE WAS LESS FOR MYRISTIC ACID THAN FOR PALMITIC ACID. THESE FATTY ACIDS PRODUCED ONLY DELTA9-MONOENOIC ACIDS OF THE SAME CHAIN LENGTH.
MYRISTATE INCORPORATED FROM (14)C-LABELED ACETATE WAS PREFERENTIALLY ESTERIFIED INTO TRIGLYCERIDE, WHEREAS THE LABELED STEARATE WAS CONVERTED INTO PHOSPHOLIPIDS IN THE ISOLATED RAT ADIPOSE CELLS.
For more Metabolism/Metabolites (Complete) data for MYRISTIC ACID (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.
Tetradecanoic acid has known human metabolites that include 13-Hydroxytetradecanoic acid.

[1]. Myristic acid regulates triglyceride production in bovine mammary epithelial cells through the ubiquitination pathway. Agriculture, 2023, 13(10): 1870.

[2]. Myristic Acid Inhibits the Activity of the Bacterial ABC Transporter BmrA. Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Dec 17;22(24):13565.

[3]. Myristic acid reduces skin inflammation and nociception. J Food Biochem. 2022 Jan;46(1):e14013.

[4]. Anti-inflammatory effects of myristic acid mediated by the NF-κB pathway in lipopolysaccharide-induced BV-2 microglial cells. Mol Omics. 2023 Oct 30;19(9):726-734.

Tetradecanoic acid is an oily white crystalline solid. (NTP, 1992)
Tetradecanoic acid is a straight-chain, fourteen-carbon, long-chain saturated fatty acid mostly found in milk fat. It has a role as a human metabolite, an EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor, a Daphnia magna metabolite and an algal metabolite. It is a long-chain fatty acid and a straight-chain saturated fatty acid. It is a conjugate acid of a tetradecanoate.
Myristic acid is a metabolite found in or produced by Escherichia coli (strain K12, MG1655).
Myristic acid has been reported in Calodendrum capense, Camellia sinensis, and other organisms with data available.
Myristic Acid is a saturated long-chain fatty acid with a 14-carbon backbone. Myristic acid is found naturally in palm oil, coconut oil and butter fat.
Myristic acid is a saturated 14-carbon fatty acid occurring in most animal and vegetable fats, particularly butterfat and coconut, palm, and nutmeg oils. It is used to synthesize flavor and as an ingredient in soaps and cosmetics. (From Dorland, 28th ed). Myristic acid is also commonly added to a penultimate nitrogen terminus glycine in receptor-associated kinases to confer the membrane localisation of the enzyme. this is achieved by the myristic acid having a high enough hydrophobicity to become incorporated into the fatty acyl core of the phospholipid bilayer of the plasma membrane of the eukaryotic cell.(wikipedia).
myristic acid is a metabolite found in or produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
A saturated 14-carbon fatty acid occurring in most animal and vegetable fats, particularly butterfat and coconut, palm, and nutmeg oils. It is used to synthesize flavor and as an ingredient in soaps and cosmetics. (From Dorland, 28th ed)
See also: Cod Liver Oil (part of); Saw Palmetto (part of).

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Mechanism of Action
... The specific hypothesis tested was that free fatty acid association with CD36, a class B scavenger receptor, induces the activation of endothelial nitric-oxide synthase (eNOS). A human microvascular endothelial cell line and a transfected Chinese hamster ovary cell system were used to determine which free fatty acids stimulate eNOS. Surprisingly, only myristic acid, and to a lesser extent palmitic acid, stimulated eNOS. The stimulation of eNOS was dose- and time-dependent. Competition experiments with other free fatty acids and with a CD36-blocking antibody demonstrated that the effects of myristic acid on eNOS required association with CD36. Further mechanistic studies demonstrated that the effects of myristic acid on eNOS function were not dependent on PI 3-kinase, Akt kinase, or calcium. Pharmacological studies and dominant negative constructs were used to demonstrate that myristic acid/CD36 stimulation of eNOS activity was dependent on the activation of AMP kinase. These data demonstrate an unexpected link among myristic acid, CD36, AMP kinase, and eNOS activity.

C14H28O2

228.3709

228.208

544-63-8

11005

White to off-white solid powder

0.9±0.1 g/cm3

319.6±5.0 °C at 760 mmHg

52-54 °C(lit.)

144.8±12.5 °C

0.0±0.7 mmHg at 25°C

1.451

6.09

37.3

1

2

12

16

155

0

TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N

InChI=1S/C14H28O2/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14(15)16/h2-13H2,1H3,(H,15,16)

tetradecanoic acid

2934.99.9001

Powder      -20°C    3 years

                     4°C     2 years

In solvent   -80°C    6 months

                  -20°C    1 month

Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

DMSO : ≥ 250 mg/mL (~1094.71 mM)
Ethanol : ~100 mg/mL (~437.89 mM)

配方 1 中的溶解度: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (10.95 mM) (饱和度未知) in 10% EtOH + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (这些助溶剂从左到右依次添加，逐一添加), 澄清溶液。
例如，若需制备1 mL的工作液，可将100 μL 25.0 mg/mL 澄清 EtOH 储备液加入到400 μL PEG300中，混匀；再向上述溶液中加入50 μL Tween-80，混匀；然后加入450 μL 生理盐水定容至1 mL。
*生理盐水的制备：将 0.9 g 氯化钠溶解在 100 mL ddH₂O中，得到澄清溶液。

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配方 2 中的溶解度: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (10.95 mM) (饱和度未知) in 10% EtOH + 90% Corn Oil (这些助溶剂从左到右依次添加，逐一添加), 澄清溶液。
例如，若需制备1 mL的工作液，可将 100 μL 25.0 mg/mL 澄清 EtOH 储备液加入900 μL 玉米油中，混合均匀。

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配方 3 中的溶解度: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (9.11 mM) (饱和度未知) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (这些助溶剂从左到右依次添加，逐一添加), 澄清溶液。
例如，若需制备1 mL的工作液，可将 100 μL 20.8 mg/mL澄清的DMSO储备液加入到400 μL PEG300中，混匀；再向上述溶液中加入50 μL Tween-80，混匀；然后加入450 μL生理盐水定容至1 mL。
*生理盐水的制备：将 0.9 g 氯化钠溶解在 100 mL ddH₂O中，得到澄清溶液。

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配方 4 中的溶解度: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (9.11 mM) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (这些助溶剂从左到右依次添加，逐一添加), 澄清溶液。
例如，若需制备1 mL的工作液，可将100μL 20.8mg/mL澄清的DMSO储备液加入到900μL 20％SBE-β-CD生理盐水中，混匀。
*20% SBE-β-CD 生理盐水溶液的制备（4°C，1 周）：将 2 g SBE-β-CD 溶解于 10 mL 生理盐水中，得到澄清溶液。

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配方 5 中的溶解度: 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil

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配方 6 中的溶解度: 40 mg/mL (175.15 mM) in Cremophor EL (这些助溶剂从左到右依次添加，逐一添加), 澄清溶液; 超声助溶.

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请根据您的实验动物和给药方式选择适当的溶解配方/方案：
1、请先配制澄清的储备液(如：用DMSO配置50 或 100 mg/mL母液(储备液));
2、取适量母液，按从左到右的顺序依次添加助溶剂，澄清后再加入下一助溶剂。以 下列配方为例说明 (注意此配方只用于说明，并不一定代表此产品 的实际溶解配方):
10% DMSO → 40% PEG300 → 5% Tween-80 → 45% ddH2O (或 saline);
假设最终工作液的体积为 1 mL, 浓度为5 mg/mL: 取 100 μL 50 mg/mL 的澄清 DMSO 储备液加到 400 μL PEG300 中，混合均匀/澄清；向上述体系中加入50 μL Tween-80，混合均匀/澄清；然后继续加入450 μL ddH2O (或 saline)定容至 1 mL；
3、溶剂前显示的百分比是指该溶剂在最终溶液/工作液中的体积所占比例;
4、 如产品在配制过程中出现沉淀/析出，可通过加热(≤50℃)或超声的方式助溶;
5、为保证最佳实验结果，工作液请现配现用！
6、如不确定怎么将母液配置成体内动物实验的工作液，请查看说明书或联系我们;
7、 以上所有助溶剂都可在 Invivochem.cn网站购买。