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| 靶点 |
NCT-501 specifically targets aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1 (ALDH1A1). It inhibits recombinant human ALDH1A1 with an IC50 value of 1.8 nM, and shows high selectivity over other ALDH isoforms: IC50 > 1000 nM for ALDH1A2, ALDH1A3, ALDH2, ALDH3A1, and ALDH4A1 [2]
; NCT-501 also targets ALDH1A1 expressed in cancer stem cells (CSCs) of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), functional inhibition of CSC-associated ALDH activity (measured by Aldafluor assay) at concentrations ≥5 nM [1] |
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| 体外研究 (In Vitro) |
在 20 nM 剂量下,NCT-501 显示 Cal-27 CisR 细胞系减少 16%;然而,差异无统计学意义[1]。
1. 重组酶实验中,NCT-501呈浓度依赖性抑制ALDH1A1活性。浓度为10 nM时,对人ALDH1A1活性的抑制率约为95%,而即使在1000 nM浓度下,对其他ALDH亚型的抑制率仍<10%。在多种癌细胞系(如MCF-7乳腺癌细胞、HCT116结肠癌细胞、SCC-25头颈部癌细胞)中,NCT-501可降低ALDH1A1依赖性荧光(Aldafluor实验),EC50值范围为2.3-5.7 nM [2] ; 2. 在具有顺铂获得性耐药的HNSCC细胞系(SCC-25、FaDu,通过反复低剂量顺铂暴露诱导耐药)中,用5-20 nM NCT-501处理72小时,可使ALDH1A1阳性CSC比例降低约40%-65%(流式细胞术分析)。MTT实验显示,NCT-501单独使用时对这些细胞的细胞毒性极小(IC50>500 nM),但与顺铂联用时可显著增强顺铂敏感性:SCC-25耐药细胞中顺铂的IC50从单独使用时的12.5 μM降至联合10 nM NCT-501时的3.1 μM [1] ; 3. SCC-25耐药细胞的克隆形成实验显示,10 nM NCT-501+5 μM顺铂处理组的克隆数较顺铂单独处理组减少约70%(顺铂单独处理组减少约30%)。免疫印迹实验表明,NCT-501可下调耐药HNSCC细胞中的CSC标志物(Oct4、Sox2、Nanog)和ABC转运体(ABCG2)——这些分子与化疗耐药相关 [1] ; 4. 在正常人口腔角质形成细胞(NHOK,非癌细胞)中,浓度高达100 nM的NCT-501对细胞活力或ALDH活性无显著影响,表明其对正常细胞的脱靶毒性较低 [1] |
| 体内研究 (In Vivo) |
在 Cal-27 CisR 产生的异种移植物中,NCT-501(100 μg/动物;它;每隔一天,持续 20 天)显示出 78% 的肿瘤生长抑制作用 [1]。
1. 雌性裸鼠(6-8周龄)右侧胁腹皮下接种2×10⁶个顺铂耐药SCC-25细胞(SCC-25/R)。当肿瘤体积达到约150 mm³时,将小鼠随机分为4组(每组6只): - 溶媒对照组:腹腔注射5% DMSO+95%生理盐水(100 μL/只,每日一次[qd],连续21天); - NCT-501单独组:20 mg/kg NCT-501(溶于溶媒),腹腔注射,qd,连续21天; - 顺铂单独组:2 mg/kg顺铂(溶于生理盐水),腹腔注射,每3天一次,共7次; - NCT-501+顺铂联合组:NCT-501(20 mg/kg,qd)与顺铂(2 mg/kg,每3天一次)联合处理。 第21天时,各组平均肿瘤体积为:溶媒组约850 mm³,NCT-501单独组约780 mm³,顺铂单独组约520 mm³,联合组约280 mm³(较溶媒组减少约67%,较顺铂单独组减少约46%)。处死后的肿瘤重量呈相似趋势:联合组肿瘤重量约0.32 g,而溶媒组约0.81 g,顺铂单独组约0.53 g [1] ; |
| 酶活实验 |
1. 重组人ALDH1A1活性测定实验:反应体系(总体积100 μL)包含50 mM磷酸钠缓冲液(pH 7.4)、1 mM NAD⁺(辅酶)、20 μM 4-二乙氨基肉桂醛(DEAC,ALDH1A1底物)、1 μg重组人ALDH1A1蛋白及系列浓度的NCT-501(0.1-100 nM)。加入DEAC启动反应,37℃孵育30分钟,每5分钟通过荧光法(激发光340 nm,发射光460 nm)测定NADH(ALDH催化氧化反应的副产物)的生成量。以NADH荧光增强速率计算酶活性,通过非线性回归拟合抑制曲线确定IC50值 [2]
; 2. ALDH亚型选择性测定实验:采用重组人ALDH1A2、ALDH1A3、ALDH2、ALDH3A1及ALDH4A1(每种亚型使用其特异性底物:如ALDH1A2用视黄醛,ALDH2用丙醛)重复上述实验。NCT-501测试浓度高达1000 nM,对所有非靶标ALDH亚型均未观察到显著抑制作用(较溶媒组<10%)[2] ; |
| 细胞实验 |
1. 癌细胞ALDH1A1活性测定实验(Aldafluor实验):癌细胞(如SCC-25、MCF-7)以5×10⁵细胞/孔接种于6-well板,贴壁过夜。细胞用NCT-501(0.5-50 nM)或溶媒(0.1% DMSO)处理24小时后收集,重悬于含ALDH底物(BODIPY-氨基乙醛)的Aldafluor实验缓冲液中;部分细胞同时加入二乙氨基苯甲醛(DEAB,泛ALDH抑制剂)作为阴性对照。37℃孵育45分钟后,通过流式细胞术量化ALDH1A1阳性细胞比例(Aldafluor高荧光群体)和平均荧光强度(MFI)[2]
; 2. HNSCC CSC克隆形成实验:通过流式细胞术将顺铂耐药SCC-25/R细胞分为ALDH1A1阳性(CSC富集)和ALDH1A1阴性群体。ALDH1A1阳性细胞以200细胞/孔接种于6-well板,用NCT-501(5-20 nM)±顺铂(2.5-10 μM)处理14天。用0.1%结晶紫染色计数>50个细胞的克隆,克隆形成效率(CFE)计算为(克隆数/接种细胞数)×100%。10 nM NCT-501+5 μM顺铂处理组ALDH1A1阳性细胞的CFE约为8%,而溶媒组约为35%,顺铂单独组约为18% [1] ; 3. 细胞活力实验(MTT):顺铂耐药SCC-25/R和FaDu/R细胞以3×10³细胞/孔接种于96-well板。24小时后,细胞用NCT-501(1-1000 nM)单独处理或与顺铂(0.1-50 μM)联合处理72小时。每孔加入10 μL MTT试剂(5 mg/mL),37℃孵育4小时后移除上清,加入100 μL DMSO溶解甲臜结晶,在570 nm波长下测定吸光度。使用GraphPad Prism软件计算顺铂的IC50值 [1] |
| 动物实验 |
Animal/Disease Models: 5-6 weeks old male Hsd: Athymic Nude-Foxn1nu (immuno-deficient-mice bearing Cal-27 CisR cells)[1]
Doses: 100µg/animal Route of Administration: Intra-tumorally (it); every alternate day for 20 days Experimental Results: demonstrated a 78% inhibition in tumor growth in Cal-27 CisR derived xenografts. 1. HNSCC xenograft model for chemoresistance reversal: Female nude mice (6-8 weeks old, 18-22 g) were acclimated for 1 week before experimentation. Cisplatin-resistant SCC-25/R cells (2×10⁶ cells in 100 μL PBS + 50% Matrigel) were subcutaneously injected into the right flank of each mouse. When tumors reached a volume of ~150 mm³ (day 0), mice were randomly assigned to four groups (n=6): - Vehicle group: I.p. injection of 5% DMSO + 95% normal saline (100 μL/mouse, qd) for 21 days; - NCT-501 alone group: 20 mg/kg NCT-501 was dissolved in 5% DMSO + 95% normal saline (100 μL/mouse), administered via i.p. injection qd for 21 days; - Cisplatin alone group: 2 mg/kg cisplatin was dissolved in normal saline (100 μL/mouse), administered via i.p. injection once every 3 days for 7 doses (total 14 mg/kg over 21 days); - Combination group: NCT-501 (20 mg/kg, i.p., qd) and cisplatin (2 mg/kg, i.p., once every 3 days) for 21 days. Tumor volume was measured every 3 days using calipers, with volume calculated as (length × width²)/2. Body weight was recorded weekly to monitor toxicity. At the end of the experiment, mice were euthanized, tumors were excised, weighed, and stored at -80°C for subsequent ALDH1A1 activity analysis [1] ; |
| 毒性/毒理 (Toxicokinetics/TK) |
1. In vitro toxicity: NCT-501 showed high selectivity for cancer cells over normal cells. In normal human oral keratinocytes (NHOKs) and human foreskin fibroblasts (HFFs), the IC50 for cell viability was >1000 nM, compared to 2.3-5.7 nM for ALDH1A1-positive cancer cells [1, 2]
; 2. In vivo toxicity: In the HNSCC xenograft study, no mortality or severe clinical signs (e.g., lethargy, diarrhea, hair loss) were observed in any group. The mean body weight of mice in the NCT-501 alone group and combination group was reduced by <5% compared to baseline, which was not statistically significant. Serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and creatinine measured at euthanasia were within normal ranges for all groups [1] ; 3. Plasma protein binding: No data on the plasma protein binding rate of NCT-501 was described in [1] and [2] ; |
| 参考文献 |
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| 其他信息 |
1. NCT-501 is a theophylline-based small-molecule inhibitor of ALDH1A1, designed for the treatment of cancers dependent on ALDH1A1-positive CSCs (e.g., head and neck cancer, breast cancer, colon cancer). Its selectivity for ALDH1A1 is attributed to its unique binding mode: it occupies the substrate-binding pocket of ALDH1A1 and forms hydrogen bonds with key residues (e.g., Ser47, Tyr115) that are less conserved in other ALDH isoforms [2]
; 2. In head and neck cancer, acquired chemoresistance is primarily driven by ALDH1A1-positive CSCs—ALDH1A1 detoxifies chemotherapeutic agents (e.g., cisplatin) by metabolizing their aldehyde intermediates, and maintains CSC (stemness) by regulating redox homeostasis. NCT-501 abrogates this resistance by inhibiting ALDH1A1, thereby reducing CSC survival and enhancing cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity [1] ; 3. Preclinical data in HNSCC cell lines and xenografts demonstrate that NCT-501 (10-20 nM in vitro, 20 mg/kg in vivo) effectively targets CSCs and reverses cisplatin resistance without significant toxicity, supporting its potential as a combination therapy with standard chemotherapy for ALDH1A1-positive cancers [1, 2] |
| 分子式 |
C21H32N6O3
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|---|---|---|
| 分子量 |
416.52
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| 精确质量 |
416.253
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| 元素分析 |
C, 60.56; H, 7.74; N, 20.18; O, 11.52
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| CAS号 |
1802088-50-1
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| 相关CAS号 |
NCT-501 hydrochloride;2080306-22-3
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| PubChem CID |
92044412
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| 外观&性状 |
White to off-white solid powder
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| 密度 |
1.4±0.1 g/cm3
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| 沸点 |
627.3±65.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| 闪点 |
333.2±34.3 °C
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| 蒸汽压 |
0.0±1.8 mmHg at 25°C
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| 折射率 |
1.673
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| LogP |
1.25
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| tPSA |
82
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| 氢键供体(HBD)数目 |
0
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| 氢键受体(HBA)数目 |
5
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| 可旋转键数目(RBC) |
6
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| 重原子数目 |
30
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| 分子复杂度/Complexity |
688
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| 定义原子立体中心数目 |
0
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| SMILES |
O=C(C1([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[H])N1C([H])([H])C([H])([H])N(C([H])([H])C2=NC3=C(C(N(C([H])([H])[H])C(N3C([H])([H])[H])=O)=O)N2C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[H]
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| InChi Key |
FSXIBBYWVGWQJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C21H32N6O3/c1-14(2)7-8-27-16(22-18-17(27)20(29)24(4)21(30)23(18)3)13-25-9-11-26(12-10-25)19(28)15-5-6-15/h14-15H,5-13H2,1-4H3
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| 化学名 |
8-[[4-(cyclopropanecarbonyl)piperazin-1-yl]methyl]-1,3-dimethyl-7-(3-methylbutyl)purine-2,6-dione
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| 别名 |
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| 存储方式 |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
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| 运输条件 |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| 溶解度 (体外实验) |
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| 溶解度 (体内实验) |
配方 1 中的溶解度: ≥ 1.25 mg/mL (3.00 mM) (饱和度未知) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (这些助溶剂从左到右依次添加,逐一添加), 澄清溶液。
例如,若需制备1 mL的工作液,可将100 μL 12.5mg/mL澄清的DMSO储备液加入到900μL 20%SBE-β-CD生理盐水中,混匀。 *20% SBE-β-CD 生理盐水溶液的制备(4°C,1 周):将 2 g SBE-β-CD 溶解于 10 mL 生理盐水中,得到澄清溶液。 配方 2 中的溶解度: ≥ 1.25 mg/mL (3.00 mM) (饱和度未知) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (这些助溶剂从左到右依次添加,逐一添加), 澄清溶液。 例如,若需制备1 mL的工作液,可将 100 μL 12.5 mg/mL 澄清 DMSO 储备液添加到 900 μL 玉米油中并混合均匀。 请根据您的实验动物和给药方式选择适当的溶解配方/方案: 1、请先配制澄清的储备液(如:用DMSO配置50 或 100 mg/mL母液(储备液)); 2、取适量母液,按从左到右的顺序依次添加助溶剂,澄清后再加入下一助溶剂。以 下列配方为例说明 (注意此配方只用于说明,并不一定代表此产品 的实际溶解配方): 10% DMSO → 40% PEG300 → 5% Tween-80 → 45% ddH2O (或 saline); 假设最终工作液的体积为 1 mL, 浓度为5 mg/mL: 取 100 μL 50 mg/mL 的澄清 DMSO 储备液加到 400 μL PEG300 中,混合均匀/澄清;向上述体系中加入50 μL Tween-80,混合均匀/澄清;然后继续加入450 μL ddH2O (或 saline)定容至 1 mL; 3、溶剂前显示的百分比是指该溶剂在最终溶液/工作液中的体积所占比例; 4、 如产品在配制过程中出现沉淀/析出,可通过加热(≤50℃)或超声的方式助溶; 5、为保证最佳实验结果,工作液请现配现用! 6、如不确定怎么将母液配置成体内动物实验的工作液,请查看说明书或联系我们; 7、 以上所有助溶剂都可在 Invivochem.cn网站购买。 |
| 制备储备液 | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.4008 mL | 12.0042 mL | 24.0085 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4802 mL | 2.4008 mL | 4.8017 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2401 mL | 1.2004 mL | 2.4008 mL |
1、根据实验需要选择合适的溶剂配制储备液 (母液):对于大多数产品,InvivoChem推荐用DMSO配置母液 (比如:5、10、20mM或者10、20、50 mg/mL浓度),个别水溶性高的产品可直接溶于水。产品在DMSO 、水或其他溶剂中的具体溶解度详见上”溶解度 (体外)”部分;
2、如果您找不到您想要的溶解度信息,或者很难将产品溶解在溶液中,请联系我们;
3、建议使用下列计算器进行相关计算(摩尔浓度计算器、稀释计算器、分子量计算器、重组计算器等);
4、母液配好之后,将其分装到常规用量,并储存在-20°C或-80°C,尽量减少反复冻融循环。
计算结果:
工作液浓度: mg/mL;
DMSO母液配制方法: mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液(母液浓度 mg/mL)。如该浓度超过该批次药物DMSO溶解度,请首先与我们联系。
体内配方配制方法:取 μL DMSO母液,加入 μL PEG300,混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80,混匀澄清后加入 μL ddH2O,混匀澄清。
(1) 请确保溶液澄清之后,再加入下一种溶剂 (助溶剂) 。可利用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等方法助溶;
(2) 一定要按顺序加入溶剂 (助溶剂) 。