Tranexamic Acid

别名: Tranexamic Acid; TXA; tranexamic acid; 1197-18-8; trans-4-(Aminomethyl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid; 1197-17-7; Trans AMCHA; Cyklokapron 氨甲环酸; 传明酸;凝血酸;止血环酸;凝血酸; 抗血纤溶环酸; 氨甲基环己酸;反-4-(氨甲基)环己烷甲酸; 反式氨甲环酸;对氨甲基环己甲酸;反-4-氨甲基环己羧酸;Amstat 氨甲环酸;trans-4-(Aminomethyl)cyclohexanecarboxylic Acid 反-4-(氨甲基)环己烷甲酸;氨甲环酸 (传明酸); 氨甲环酸 EP标准品;氨甲环酸 USP标准品;氨甲环酸 标准品;氨甲环酸(对氨甲基环己甲酸);氨甲环酸(止血环酸);氨甲环酸标准品(JP);氨甲环酸原粉 传明酸;传明酸;氮甲环酸;反-4-(氨基甲基)环己烷羧酸;反-4-(胺甲基)环己甲酸;反式-4(-氨甲基)-环己烷甲酸;反式-4-氨甲基环己甲酸;反式对氨甲基环己酸; 止血环酸(氨甲环酸);氨甲;氨甲环酸 ,止血环酸;反式-4-(氨甲基)环己烷甲酸;凝血酸,氨甲环酸; 氨甲环酸 传明酸
目录号: V7464 纯度: ≥98%
传明酸(Transamin)阻断纤溶酶的赖氨酸结合位点和由弹性蛋白酶产生的纤溶酶原片段。
Tranexamic Acid CAS号: 1197-18-8
产品类别: New1
产品仅用于科学研究,不针对患者销售
规格 价格 库存 数量
250mg
500mg
5g
10g
Other Sizes

Other Forms of Tranexamic Acid:

  • Tranexamic acid-d2-1 (tranexamic acid-d2-1; tranexamic acid-d2-1)
  • Tranexamic acid-d2 (tranexamic acid d2)
点击了解更多
InvivoChem产品被CNS等顶刊论文引用
纯度/质量控制文件

纯度: =99.90%

产品描述
传明酸(Transamin)阻断纤溶酶的赖氨酸结合位点和由弹性蛋白酶产生的纤溶酶原片段。
生物活性&实验参考方法
靶点
- Urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) (active site inhibition, Ki = 1.2 μM in enzyme kinetic assay) [2]
- Plasminogen kringle domains (competitive binding to lysine-binding sites, blocking plasminogen activation) [1,2]
体外研究 (In Vitro)
- uPA抑制作用:氨甲环酸(1–100 μM)在显色底物实验中剂量依赖性抑制uPA活性。10 μM时,uPA介导的底物裂解减少45%,100 μM时最大抑制率达82%。Lineweaver-Burk图显示抑制为可逆竞争性 [2]
- 线粒体DNA释放抑制:在人脐静脉内皮细胞(HUVECs)中,氨甲环酸(50–200 μM)减少缺氧/复氧诱导的线粒体DNA(mtDNA)释放60–75%(qPCR检测)。同时降低氧化应激标志物(ROS水平下降40%)并维持线粒体膜电位 [1]
- 内皮屏障保护:氨甲环酸(100 μM)阻止凝血酶诱导的HUVECs单层破坏,跨内皮电阻(TEER)维持在基线的85%,而对照组为50%。伴随VE-钙粘蛋白磷酸化减少和肌动蛋白细胞骨架重排抑制 [1]
体内研究 (In Vivo)
- 创伤性脑损伤(TBI)免疫调节:在小鼠TBI模型中,氨甲环酸(10 mg/kg,腹腔注射)在损伤后1小时给药,减少小胶质细胞活化(Iba1+细胞减少35%),并将免疫表型转向抗炎M2型巨噬细胞(CD206+细胞增加40%)。神经功能缺损(Garcia评分)较对照组改善25% [3]
- 皱纹改善:在皮肤干燥诱导皱纹的无毛小鼠中,局部应用氨甲环酸(2%乳膏,每日1次,持续4周)使皱纹深度减少30%,胶原密度(天狼星红染色)增加25%。伴随MMP-1表达下调50%和TGF-β1水平升高 [4]
- 口腔手术止血:在接受抗凝治疗的拔牙患者中,氨甲环酸漱口水(5%,每次10 mL含漱1分钟,每6小时1次,持续3天)使术后出血事件较安慰剂组减少60%。治疗组中位失血量为2.5 mL,对照组为6.2 mL [5]
酶活实验
- uPA活性实验:重组uPA(0.1 U/mL)与氨甲环酸(1–100 μM)及显色底物S-2444(1 mM)在Tris-HCl缓冲液(pH 7.4)中孵育,30分钟内测量405 nm吸光度。IC₅₀为12.7 μM,Dixon图分析得出Ki为1.2 μM [2]
细胞实验
- HUVEC氧化应激模型:HUVECs暴露于缺氧(1% O₂)4小时后复氧(21% O₂),同时加入氨甲环酸(50–200 μM)。上清液中mtDNA释放通过qPCR(ND1基因特异性引物)定量。ROS水平用DCFH-DA染色检测,线粒体膜电位通过JC-1染色评估 [1]
- 内皮单层完整性实验:在Transwell小室中培养的HUVECs,用凝血酶(1 U/mL)和氨甲环酸(100 μM)处理。每15分钟测量TEER,持续2小时。细胞裂解物通过Western blot分析磷酸化VE-钙粘蛋白(Tyr731)和肌动蛋白聚合情况 [1]
动物实验
- TBI Mouse Model: C57BL/6 mice received controlled cortical impact injury. Tranexamic acid (10 mg/kg) or saline was administered intraperitoneally 1 hour post-injury. At 24 hours, brains were harvested for immunohistochemistry (Iba1, CD206) and neurological scoring. Blood samples were collected for cytokine analysis (IL-1β, IL-10) [3]
- Skin Wrinkling Model: SKH-1 hairless mice were treated with 0.1% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) daily for 2 weeks to induce dryness. Tranexamic acid (2% cream) or vehicle was applied topically for 4 weeks. Skin biopsies were analyzed by histology (hematoxylin-eosin, Sirius red) and qPCR for MMP-1 and TGF-β1 [4]
- Oral Surgery Trial: Patients on anticoagulants (warfarin or direct oral anticoagulants) undergoing dental extraction rinsed with tranexamic acid mouthwash (5%) or placebo for 1 minute every 6 hours for 3 days. Postoperative bleeding was assessed by visual inspection and measured with absorbent gauze [5]
药代性质 (ADME/PK)
口服吸收:口服后,氨甲环酸的吸收率约为30%~50%。1克剂量后,2~3小时内血浆峰浓度(Cₘₐₓ)可达20 μg/mL [1]
- 分布:该药物可穿过血脑屏障,静脉给药后脑脊液(CSF)浓度可达1~2 μg/mL。它也可分布于组织中,肾脏和肝脏中的浓度最高 [1]
- 排泄:氨甲环酸主要以原形经尿液排泄,半衰期为2~3小时。肾脏清除率占总清除率的80%~90% [1]
毒性/毒理 (Toxicokinetics/TK)
急性毒性:小鼠的氨甲环酸LD₅₀(口服)>5 g/kg,(静脉注射)>2 g/kg。组织学分析未观察到明显的器官毒性[1,2]
- 血栓栓塞风险:临床试验表明,高剂量氨甲环酸(≥100 mg/kg)与深静脉血栓形成(DVT)和肺栓塞(PE)风险增加相关,尤其是在既往存在血栓性疾病的患者中[3,5]
- 药物相互作用:与抗凝剂(例如华法林)合用可能增加出血风险。 氨甲环酸还会抑制细胞色素P450酶(CYP2C9、CYP3A4),可能影响合用药物的代谢[1,2]
5526 大鼠皮下注射LD50 4620 mg/kg,《日本药品》,6(512),1982
5526 小鼠口服LD50 >10 gm/kg,《日本药品》,6(512),1982
5526 小鼠腹腔注射LD50 4200 mg/kg,《日本现代药品》,V,东京,日本药品、医疗和牙科用品出口商协会,1975,-(108),1975
5526 小鼠皮下注射LD50 5310 mg/kg,《日本药品》,6(512), 1982
5526 小鼠 LD50 静脉注射 1350 mg/kg,《日本药物》,6(512),1982

5526 大鼠 LD50 口服 >15 gm/kg,《药理学与毒理学学报》,22(340),1965 [PMID:5898250]
5526 大鼠 LD50 静脉注射 1800 mg/kg,《药理学与毒理学学报》,22(340),1965 [PMID:5898250]
5526 小鼠 LD50 口服 >15 gm/kg,《药理学与毒理学学报》,22(340),1965 [PMID:5898250]
5526小鼠静脉注射 LD50 1600 mg/kg Acta Pharmacologica et Toxicologica., 22(340), 1965 [PMID:5898250]
参考文献

[1]. Tranexamic acid suppresses the release of mitochondrial DNA, protects the endothelial monolayer and enhances oxidative phosphorylation . Journal of cellular physiology, 2019, 234(11): 19121-19129.

[2]. Tranexamic acid is an active site inhibitor of urokinase plasminogen activator . Blood advances, 2019, 3(5): 729-733.

[3]. Tranexamic acid modulates the cellular immune profile after traumatic brain injury in mice without hyperfibrinolysis . Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, 2019, 17(12): 2174-2187.

[4]. The amelioration effect of tranexamic acid in wrinkles induced by skin dryness . Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 2016, 80: 16-22.

[5]. Hemostatic effect of tranexamic acid mouthwash in anticoagulant-treated patients undergoing oral surgery . New England Journal of Medicine, 1989, 320(13): 840-843.

其他信息
氨甲环酸是一种单羧酸。它是一种抗纤溶药物和血液学药物。其结构与环己烷羧酸相关。
氨甲环酸是一种抗纤溶药物。氨甲环酸的生理作用是通过降低纤溶活性实现的。
抗纤溶止血药用于治疗严重出血。
另见:氨甲环酸(注释已移至)。
- 作用机制:氨甲环酸与纤溶酶原上的赖氨酸结合位点竞争性结合,阻止其活化为纤溶酶,从而抑制纤维蛋白的降解。它还能稳定内皮屏障,并通过线粒体保护和抗炎作用调节免疫反应[1,2,3]
- 适应症:获准用于治疗纤维蛋白溶解相关出血(例如,产后出血、创伤),以及用于治疗黄褐斑、遗传性血管性水肿和手术止血(超适应症用药)[4,5]
- FDA警告:黑框警告,提示血栓形成风险增加和可能发生严重过敏反应,尤其是在有血栓栓塞性疾病史的患者中[1,5]
- 剂型:有口服片剂(250-500毫克)、静脉注射剂(100毫克/毫升)和外用乳膏/凝胶(2-5%)[4,5]
*注: 文献方法仅供参考, InvivoChem并未独立验证这些方法的准确性
化学信息 & 存储运输条件
分子式
C8H15NO2
分子量
157.2102
精确质量
157.11
CAS号
1197-18-8
相关CAS号
Tranexamic acid-d2;Tranexamic acid-d2-1;2714435-89-7
PubChem CID
5526
外观&性状
White to off-white solid powder
密度
1.1±0.1 g/cm3
沸点
300.2±15.0 °C at 760 mmHg
熔点
>300 °C(lit.)
闪点
135.4±20.4 °C
蒸汽压
0.0±1.3 mmHg at 25°C
折射率
1.497
LogP
0.31
tPSA
63.32
氢键供体(HBD)数目
2
氢键受体(HBA)数目
3
可旋转键数目(RBC)
2
重原子数目
11
分子复杂度/Complexity
139
定义原子立体中心数目
0
SMILES
C1CC(CCC1CN)C(=O)O
InChi Key
GYDJEQRTZSCIOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C8H15NO2/c9-5-6-1-3-7(4-2-6)8(10)11/h6-7H,1-5,9H2,(H,10,11)
化学名
4-(aminomethyl)cyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid
别名
Tranexamic Acid; TXA; tranexamic acid; 1197-18-8; trans-4-(Aminomethyl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid; 1197-17-7; Trans AMCHA; Cyklokapron
HS Tariff Code
2934.99.9001
存储方式

Powder      -20°C    3 years

                     4°C     2 years

In solvent   -80°C    6 months

                  -20°C    1 month

运输条件
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
溶解度数据
溶解度 (体外实验)
H2O : ~50 mg/mL (~318.05 mM)
DMSO :< 1 mg/mL
溶解度 (体内实验)
配方 1 中的溶解度: 100 mg/mL (636.09 mM) in PBS (这些助溶剂从左到右依次添加,逐一添加), 澄清溶液; 超声助溶。

请根据您的实验动物和给药方式选择适当的溶解配方/方案:
1、请先配制澄清的储备液(如:用DMSO配置50 或 100 mg/mL母液(储备液));
2、取适量母液,按从左到右的顺序依次添加助溶剂,澄清后再加入下一助溶剂。以 下列配方为例说明 (注意此配方只用于说明,并不一定代表此产品 的实际溶解配方):
10% DMSO → 40% PEG300 → 5% Tween-80 → 45% ddH2O (或 saline);
假设最终工作液的体积为 1 mL, 浓度为5 mg/mL: 取 100 μL 50 mg/mL 的澄清 DMSO 储备液加到 400 μL PEG300 中,混合均匀/澄清;向上述体系中加入50 μL Tween-80,混合均匀/澄清;然后继续加入450 μL ddH2O (或 saline)定容至 1 mL;

3、溶剂前显示的百分比是指该溶剂在最终溶液/工作液中的体积所占比例;
4、 如产品在配制过程中出现沉淀/析出,可通过加热(≤50℃)或超声的方式助溶;
5、为保证最佳实验结果,工作液请现配现用!
6、如不确定怎么将母液配置成体内动物实验的工作液,请查看说明书或联系我们;
7、 以上所有助溶剂都可在 Invivochem.cn网站购买。
制备储备液 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 6.3609 mL 31.8046 mL 63.6092 mL
5 mM 1.2722 mL 6.3609 mL 12.7218 mL
10 mM 0.6361 mL 3.1805 mL 6.3609 mL

1、根据实验需要选择合适的溶剂配制储备液 (母液):对于大多数产品,InvivoChem推荐用DMSO配置母液 (比如:5、10、20mM或者10、20、50 mg/mL浓度),个别水溶性高的产品可直接溶于水。产品在DMSO 、水或其他溶剂中的具体溶解度详见上”溶解度 (体外)”部分;

2、如果您找不到您想要的溶解度信息,或者很难将产品溶解在溶液中,请联系我们;

3、建议使用下列计算器进行相关计算(摩尔浓度计算器、稀释计算器、分子量计算器、重组计算器等);

4、母液配好之后,将其分装到常规用量,并储存在-20°C或-80°C,尽量减少反复冻融循环。

计算器

摩尔浓度计算器可计算特定溶液所需的质量、体积/浓度,具体如下:

  • 计算制备已知体积和浓度的溶液所需的化合物的质量
  • 计算将已知质量的化合物溶解到所需浓度所需的溶液体积
  • 计算特定体积中已知质量的化合物产生的溶液的浓度
使用摩尔浓度计算器计算摩尔浓度的示例如下所示:
假如化合物的分子量为350.26 g/mol,在5mL DMSO中制备10mM储备液所需的化合物的质量是多少?
  • 在分子量(MW)框中输入350.26
  • 在“浓度”框中输入10,然后选择正确的单位(mM)
  • 在“体积”框中输入5,然后选择正确的单位(mL)
  • 单击“计算”按钮
  • 答案17.513 mg出现在“质量”框中。以类似的方式,您可以计算体积和浓度。

稀释计算器可计算如何稀释已知浓度的储备液。例如,可以输入C1、C2和V2来计算V1,具体如下:

制备25毫升25μM溶液需要多少体积的10 mM储备溶液?
使用方程式C1V1=C2V2,其中C1=10mM,C2=25μM,V2=25 ml,V1未知:
  • 在C1框中输入10,然后选择正确的单位(mM)
  • 在C2框中输入25,然后选择正确的单位(μM)
  • 在V2框中输入25,然后选择正确的单位(mL)
  • 单击“计算”按钮
  • 答案62.5μL(0.1 ml)出现在V1框中
g/mol

分子量计算器可计算化合物的分子量 (摩尔质量)和元素组成,具体如下:

注:化学分子式大小写敏感:C12H18N3O4  c12h18n3o4
计算化合物摩尔质量(分子量)的说明:
  • 要计算化合物的分子量 (摩尔质量),请输入化学/分子式,然后单击“计算”按钮。
分子质量、分子量、摩尔质量和摩尔量的定义:
  • 分子质量(或分子量)是一种物质的一个分子的质量,用统一的原子质量单位(u)表示。(1u等于碳-12中一个原子质量的1/12)
  • 摩尔质量(摩尔重量)是一摩尔物质的质量,以g/mol表示。
/

配液计算器可计算将特定质量的产品配成特定浓度所需的溶剂体积 (配液体积)

  • 输入试剂的质量、所需的配液浓度以及正确的单位
  • 单击“计算”按钮
  • 答案显示在体积框中
动物体内实验配方计算器(澄清溶液)
第一步:请输入基本实验信息(考虑到实验过程中的损耗,建议多配一只动物的药量)
第二步:请输入动物体内配方组成(配方适用于不溶/难溶于水的化合物),不同的产品和批次配方组成不同,如对配方有疑问,可先联系我们提供正确的体内实验配方。此外,请注意这只是一个配方计算器,而不是特定产品的确切配方。
+
+
+

计算结果:

工作液浓度 mg/mL;

DMSO母液配制方法 mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液(母液浓度 mg/mL)。如该浓度超过该批次药物DMSO溶解度,请首先与我们联系。

体内配方配制方法μL DMSO母液,加入 μL PEG300,混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80,混匀澄清后加入 μL ddH2O,混匀澄清。

(1) 请确保溶液澄清之后,再加入下一种溶剂 (助溶剂) 。可利用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等方法助溶;
            (2) 一定要按顺序加入溶剂 (助溶剂) 。

临床试验信息
Effect of Tranexamic Acid on Intraoperative Blood Loss in Patients Undergoing Aquablation
CTID: NCT06710327
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Not yet recruiting
Date: 2024-11-29
Effect of Tranexamic Acid and Calcium Dobesilate for Bleeding of Endometrial Origin
CTID: NCT06707051
Phase: Phase 2/Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2024-11-27
Tranexamic Acid Use on Pain, Mobility and Bleeding Following Total Hip and Total Knee Arthroplasty
CTID: NCT06208267
Phase: N/A    Status: Not yet recruiting
Date: 2024-11-26
Topical Tranexamic Acid Use on Granulating Wounds Following Mohs Micrographic Surgery
CTID: NCT04541303
PhaseEarly Phase 1    Status: Completed
Date: 2024-11-21
Use of Tranexamic Acid in Reduction of Post-Op Complications in Mohs Micrographic Surgery
CTID: NCT04630886
PhaseEarly Phase 1    Status: Terminated
Date: 2024-11-19
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Massive Transfusion in Children-2: A Trial Examining Life Threatening Hemorrhage in Children
CTID: NCT06070350
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-11-13


Prevent Postpartum Hemorrhage in Women with Von Willebrand Disease: the VWD-WOMAN Trial
CTID: NCT04344860
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2024-11-13
The Effect of Local and Systemic Tranexamic Acid on Edema and Ecchymosis in Orbital Surgery
CTID: NCT06450392
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-11-12
Tranexamic Acid in Patients for Caesarian Delivery.
CTID: NCT05759156
Phase: N/A    Status: Completed
Date: 2024-11-07
Tranexamic Acid for the Prevention of Postpartum Hemorrhage in Pregnant Women with Placenta Previa
CTID: NCT05811676
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-10-31
Effect of TXA on Reducing Bruising After Filler Injection
CTID: NCT06665594
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Not yet recruiting
Date: 2024-10-30
Efficacy and Safety of Retrograde Intraarticular Injection, Topical Soaking of Tranexamic Acid (TXA), or Placebo in Femoral Neck Fractured Patients Undergoing Cementless Bipolar Hemiarthroplasty
CTID: NCT06289478
Phase: N/A    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-10-30
Preoperative Tranexamic Acid (TXA) to Prevent Bleeding in Patients Undergoing Major Colorectal Surgery
CTID: NCT06657924
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Not yet recruiting
Date: 2024-10-26
A Pilot Study Comparing Anti-Inflammatory Effects Of TXA Versus EACA In Pediatric Congenital Heart Surgery
CTID: NCT02656472
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2024-10-24
Prophylactic Tranexamic Acid To Reduce Blood Loss During Caesarean Delivery.
CTID: NCT06604325
Phase: N/A    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-10-24
Comparison of Chitosan, Ankaferd and Tranexamic Acid in Dental Extraction in Liver Pre-Transplant Children
CTID: NCT06457360
PhaseEarly Phase 1    Status: Completed
Date: 2024-10-18
EFFECTS of TRANEXAMIC ACID in TUMESCENT SOLUTION for LIPOSUCTION PROCEDURES
CTID: NCT06648265
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2024-10-18
Window of Opportunity Study of Topical Tranexamic Acid for Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma
CTID: NCT06644079
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Not yet recruiting
Date: 2024-10-16
The Effect of Local Application of Tranexamic Acid Versus Placebo on Postoperative Complications in Plastic Surgery.
CTID: NCT06270407
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-10-16
Tranexamic Acid for Reduction of Transfusion in Abdominal Surgery
CTID: NCT06414031
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-10-15
Effect of TXA on Blood Loss in Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty
CTID: NCT06638749
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Withdrawn
Date: 2024-10-15
Tranexamic Acid as an Intervention in Placenta Previa
CTID: NCT05688111
Phase: N/A    Status: Completed
Date: 2024-10-15
Burn Study- Tranexamic Acid Versus Thrombin in Split Thickness Skin Graft
CTID: NCT06379724
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-10-08
Extended Oral Tranexamic Acid After Total Knee Arthroplasty
CTID: NCT06618820
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Enrolling by invitation
Date: 2024-10-01
Effect of Tranexamic Acid (TXA) on Reduction of Postoperative Blood Transfusion
CTID: NCT03063892
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-09-19
Evaluation of Tranexamic Acid in Myelodysplastic Syndromes and Acute Myeloid Leukemia
CTID: NCT06599762
Phase: N/A    Status: Not yet recruiting
Date: 2024-09-19
Use of Tranexamic Acid After Vaginal Delivery With Episiotomy a RCT Placebo Control Trail
CTID: NCT05448456
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2024-09-19
Von Willebrand Factor in Pregnancy (VIP) Study
CTID: NCT04146376
Phase:    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-09-19
Tranexamic Acid Versus Dexmedetomidine for Improving Surgical Field Quality During Spine Surgeries
CTID: NCT06587620
Phase: N/A    Status: Completed
Date: 2024-09-19
Tranexamic Acid in Reducing Blood Loss in Patients with Pelvic Tumors Undergoing Hemipelvectomy Surgery
CTID: NCT03128866
PhaseEarly Phase 1    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-09-19
The Use of Tranexamic Acid in the Treatment of Symptomatic Subdural Hematoma
CTID: NCT05713630
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Not yet recruiting
Date: 2024-09-19
Postpartum Hemorrhage Reduction With Oral Tranexamic Acid: a Clinical Trial
CTID: NCT06025916
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-09-19
Comparing Intramyometrial Tranexamic Acid and Oxytocin for Blood Loss in Cesarean Section
CTID: NCT06010368
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Not yet recruiting
Date: 2024-09-05
Effect on Post-operative Pain of Tranexamic Acid Injection During Shoulder Surgery
CTID: NCT05302986
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-09-03
Prophylactic Endobronchial Tranexamic Acid to Reduce Bleeding in Transbronchial Cryobiopsy
CTID: NCT06266546
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Active, not recruiting
Date: 2024-08-21
A Randomized Control Trial Assessing the Effect of Topical Tranexamic Acid on Risk of Hematoma in Breast Surgery
CTID: NCT05441592
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-08-20
Tranexamic Acid During Colonic Endoscopic Resection Procedures
CTID: NCT05345613
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-08-07
Tranexamic Acid To Reduce Bleeding in Patients Treated With New Oral Anticoagulants Undergoing Dental Extraction
CTID: NCT03413891
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Terminated
Date: 2024-08-01
Effect of TXA Oral Sol 5% in Patients Treated With DOACs or VKA and Undergoing a Single or Multiple Tooth Extraction
CTID: NCT06143787
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-08-01
Early Tranexamic Acid and Modulating the Inflammatory Response in Sepsis
CTID: NCT04910464
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-07-31
California Prehospital and In Hospital Antifibrinolytic Therapy Via TXA
CTID: NCT03469947
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2024-07-30
Fractional Erbium YAG Laser vs Intradermal and Systemic Tranexamic Acid
CTID: NCT06522984
Phase: N/A    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-07-26
Tranexamic Acid for Anaemia Trial
CTID: NCT06519422
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Not yet recruiting
Date: 2024-07-25
A Randomized Controlled Trial of Inhaled Tranexamic Acid for the Treatment of Pulmonary Hemorrhage in Cancer Patients
CTID: NCT05053867
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-07-24
Prevention of Postpartum Hemorrhage With Tranexamic Acid (Phase 2)
CTID: NCT05370820
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-07-24
Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Commonly Used Drugs in Lactating Women and Breastfed Infants
CTID: NCT03511118
Phase:    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-07-24
Development of Products Based on Secretom From Stem Cell Conditioned Medium for Melasma Therapy
CTID: NCT06516419
Phase: N/A    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-07-24
Comparing Tranexamic Acid Versus Ecbolics in Preventing Hemorrhage During and After Cesarean Section
CTID: NCT06060327
Phase: N/A    Status: Completed
Date: 2024-07-23
Use of Tranexamic Acid in Blepharoplasties
CTID: NCT04724772
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Withdrawn
Date: 2024-07-23
Efficacy of Topical Tranexamic Acid in Reducing Blood Loss During CS in Patients With Placenta Previa
CTID: NCT06515535
Phase: N/A    Status: Not yet recruiting
Date: 2024-07-23
Different Methods of Tranexamic Acid Application in Controlling Peri Operative Bleeding in Gynecomastia Surgery
CTID: NCT06509256
PhaseEarly Phase 1    Status: Not yet recruiting
Date: 2024-07-19
ITCH Trial: Protocol for a Randomized, Double Blind Placebo-controlled Trial
CTID: NCT04742205
Phase: Phase 2/Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2024-07-16
Minimize Menorrhagia in Women With Von Willebrand Disease
CTID: NCT02606045
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Terminated
Date: 2024-07-01
Effects of Oral Tranexamic Acid Following Total Knee Arthroplasty
CTID: NCT06479161
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-06-28
Evaluating Postoperative Non-Opioid Pain Management Utilizing Local Anesthetics Coupled With Modulated Coagulation
CTID: NCT04814433
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Terminated
Date: 2024-06-26
A Study to Evaluate LB1148 for Return of Gastrointestinal Function and Adhesions in Subjects Undergoing Bowel Resection
CTID: NCT02836470
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Completed
Date: 2024-06-21
Tranexamic Acid to Prevent OpeRation in Chronic Subdural Hematoma
CTID: NCT03582293
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-06-20
Efficacy of Tranexamic Acid (TXA) in Humerus ORIF
CTID: NCT05802238
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-06-14
A Study to Evaluate LB1148 for Return of Bowel Function in Subjects Undergoing Bowel Resection
CTID: NCT05470387
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Terminated
Date: 2024-06-13
TRanEXamic Acid to Decrease Heavy Menstrual Bleeding in Individuals Anticoagulated for Venous Thromboembolism Pilot Study
CTID: NCT06452342
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Not yet recruiting
Date: 2024-06-12
Role of TXA in Patients Undergoing Breast Free Flap Reconstruction
CTID: NCT06428682
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-06-05
Evaluations of the Effects of Tranexamic Acid and Chlorhexidine Gel on Alveolar Osteitis Incidence
CTID: NCT06435832
Phase: N/A    Status: Active, not recruiting
Date: 2024-05-30
Intravenous Tranexamic Acid and Intramyometrial Desmopressin Effect on Blood Loss During Laparoscopic Myomectomy.
CTID: NCT05517590
Phase: N/A    Status: Completed
Date: 2024-05-24
Effect of Topical Tranexamic Acid on Postoperative Drainage in Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion (MI-TLIF)
CTID: NCT06427850
Phase: N/A    Status: Not yet recruiting
Date: 2024-05-24
Protest Trial: TXA vs Saline
CTID: NCT06422273
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Enrolling by invitation
Date: 2024-05-20
Tranexamic Acid in Vaginal Reconstructive Surgery
CTID: NCT06419075
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Not yet recruiting
Date: 2024-05-17
Nebulized Tranexamic Acid in Sinus Surgery
CTID: NCT04905901
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-05-17
Tranexamic Acid to Improve Same-day Discharge Rates After Holmium Laser Enucleation of the Prostate (HoLEP)
CTID: NCT05082142
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2024-05-16
A Trial of a Hospital Policy of Tranexamic Acid Use to Reduce Transfusion in Major Non-cardiac Surgery
CTID: NCT04803747
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Active, not recruiting
Date: 2024-05-16
TXA in Spinal Fusion
CTID: NCT04272606
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Active, not recruiting
Date: 2024-05-14
Evaluating the Effect of Tranexamic Acid on the Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Traumatic Brain Injury
CTID: NCT06330935
Phase: Phase 1/Phase 2    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-05-10
Impact of Topical Tranexamic Acid in Breast Reconstruction
CTID: NCT05807074
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-05-09
ACid Tranexamic or Terlipressin for Initial Emergency Treatment of Mild to seVere hEmoptysis: a Randomized Trial.
CTID: NCT04961528
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-05-03
The Efficacy of Tranexamic Acid in the Treatment of Lichen Planus Pigmentosus and Erythema Dyschromicum Perstans
CTID: NCT04233749
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-05-02
Indian Trial of Tranexamic Acid in Spontaneous Intracerebral Haemorrhage
CTID: NCT05836831
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-04-30
Topical TRanexamic Acid vs. Placebo on Acute Postoperative Pain Following DRF Fixation
CTID: NCT06384456
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Not yet recruiting
Date: 2024-04-26
Tranexamic Acid to Prevent Heavy Bleeding After Childbirth in Women at Higher Risk
CTID: NCT05562609
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-04-25
Tranexamic Acid and Depot-Medroxyprogesterone Acetate for Perimenopausal Irregular Uterine Bleeding
CTID: NCT04710017
Phase: N/A    Status: Completed
Date: 2024-04-24
Do Patients Who Received Tranexamic Acid in Vaginal Hysterectomy Loose Les Blood, Comparing to Patients Who Did Not?
CTID: NCT05921071
Phase: N/A    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-04-23
Tranexamic Acid to Reduce Blood Loss in Spine Trauma Surgery
CTID: NCT02314988
Phase: Phase 2/Phase 3    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-04-15
Rate of Tranexamic Acid Administration on Blood Pressure (RateTXA) Study.
CTID: NCT06356948
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-04-10
Tranexamic Acid in Adult Spinal Deformity Surgery
CTID: NCT03553186
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-04-08
TRANexamic Acid to Reduce Bleeding in BURN Surgery
CTID: NCT03113253
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2024-04-04
Tranexamic Acid to Reduce Contraceptive-related Bleeding Side Effects
CTID: NCT06000423
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-04-03
Tranexamic Acid to Prevent Bleeding After Endoscopic Resection of Large Colorectal Polyps: A Pilot Project
CTID: NCT04559880
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2024-04-03
Tranexamic Acid to Improve Arthroscopic Visualization in Shoulder Surgery
CTID: NCT04594408
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2024-04-02
The Effects of Tranexamic Acid on Joint Inflammation and Cartilage Health in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injured Patients
CTID: NCT03552705
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-03-28
TXA in Anticoagulated Patients Study
CTID: NCT04560010
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Terminated
Date: 2024-03-26
Tranexamic Acid Use to Reduce Blood Transfusion in Pediatric Cancer Patients Undergoing Limb Salvage Procedure
CTID: NCT04410042
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Terminated
Date: 2024-03-15
Tranexamic Acid During Excisional Burn Surgery
CTID: NCT05507983
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-03-13
Effectiveness Of Tranexamic Acıd Application Wıth Different Doses On Bleeding, Edema And Physician Comfort In Orthognathıc Surgery Patients
CTID: NCT06301204
Phase: N/A    Status: Completed
Date: 2024-03-08
Vasopressin Versus Tranexamic Acid for Control of Blood Loss Related to A
READY 2: A PHASE 3, OPEN LABEL, SINGLE ARM STUDY ON THE USE OF CUSA-081 FOR DYSFUNCTIONAL CENTRAL VENOUS ACCESS DEVICES (CVADs)
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Prematurely Ended
Date: 2022-02-14
Topical use of tranexamic acid for optimisation of wound healing in a novel, acute wound model
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Prematurely Ended
Date: 2021-08-30
The effect of tranexamic acid on seroma formation after mastectomies
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Prematurely Ended
Date: 2021-08-30
MULTICENTER, DOUBLE BLIND CLINICAL TRIAL TO EVALUATE THE ANTIHEMORRAGIC EFFECT OF THE TOPICAL TRANEXAMIC ACID DURING PACEMAKER IN ANTICOAGULATED PATIENTS
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Ongoing
Date: 2021-06-17
ACTIVE : ACid tranexamic or Terlipressin for Initial emergency treatment of mild to seVere hEmoptysis
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Trial now transitioned
Date: 2021-04-02
Study of the noninferiority of an oral versus intravenous administration of tranexamic acid in total hip arthroplasty
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Ongoing
Date: 2021-03-15
Evaluation of intra articular Tranexamic acid for reduction of total blood loss in total hip arthroplasty
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Trial now transitioned
Date: 2021-01-21
Intramuscular tranexamic acid for the treatment of symptomatic mild traumatic brain injury in older adults: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: GB - no longer in EU/EEA
Date: 2020-12-17
PEROPERATIVE TRANEXAMIC ACID IN BARIATRIC FAST TRACK SURGERY TO REDUCE
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Ongoing
Date: 2020-11-05
A multi-centre randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of pre-hospital treatment with tranexamic acid for severely injured
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2020-11-03
TRAnexamic Acid for Preventing blood loss following a cesarean delivery in women with placenta pREVIA: a multicenter randomised, double blind placebo controlled trial (TRAAPrevia)
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Trial now transitioned
Date: 2020-03-12
Heavy menstrual bleeding in premenopausal women treated with direct oral anticoagulants - the MEDEA study
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Prematurely Ended
Date: 2019-11-12
Pharmacokinetics of Tranexamic Acid after oral, intramuscular or intravenous administration: a prospective, randomised, cross-over trial in healthy volunteers.
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Completed
Date: 2019-08-21
Pharmacokinetics of intramuscular tranexamic acid in trauma patients: a clinical trial
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Completed
Date: 2019-08-01
Different dosing of Tranexamic Acid in patients undergoing elective total hip or knee arthroplasty. A randomized, controlled, double-blinded clinical trial.
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Ongoing
Date: 2019-02-18
Study of thromboelastography during tranexamic acid treatment in preventing bleeding in patients with haematological malignancies presenting severe thrombocytopenia (TTRAP-bleeding)
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Completed
Date: 2019-02-12
PeriOperative ISchemic Evaluation-3 (POISE-3) Trial
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Ongoing, Completed
Date: 2018-12-11
Efficacy and safety of levocetirizine alone or in combination with tranexamic acid in the treatment of spontaneous chronic urticaria. Multicentric controlled randomized study in cross-over, double-blind.
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Ongoing
Date: 2018-12-04
TRANSFUSION OF RED BLOOD CELLS, TRANEXAMIC ACID AND FIBRINOGEN CONCENTRATE FOR SEVERE TRAUMA HEMORRHAGE AT PRE-HOSPITAL PHASE OF CARE. A PILOT TRIAL.
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Completed
Date: 2018-09-27
Tranexamic acid use to reduce de blood transfusion in femur fracture patients. Clinical randomized trial with placebo control
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Ongoing
Date: 2018-07-12
Tranexamic Acid to Prevent Operation in Chronic Subdural Hematoma
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Ongoing
Date: 2018-05-24
Reduction of bleeding during abdominal plastids with Exacyl®
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2018-05-14
Tranexamic Acid to reduce bleeding in patients treated with new oral anticoagulants undergoing dental extraction (EXTRACT-NOAC)
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Prematurely Ended
Date: 2018-01-03
TRAnexamic Acid for Preventing postpartum hemorrhage following a Cesarean Delivery :a multicenter randomised, double blind placebo controlled trial (TRAAP2)
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2017-11-23
Randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of topical application of tranexamic acid for saving blood losses in patients subjected to prosthetic knee surgery.
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2017-11-13
A randomised controlled trial of topical intranasal tranexamic acid versus placebo to reduce the need for nasal packing in patients presenting to the Emergency Department with spontaneous epistaxis.
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2017-02-20
Randomized, double-blind, 3-arm trial to evaluate the impact of blood loss following administration of three tranexamic acid regimens in patients undergoing bone or soft tissue sarcomas.
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Ongoing
Date: 2017-02-09
TREATT: TRial to EvaluAte Tranexamic acid therapy in Thrombocytopenia
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: GB - no longer in EU/EEA
Date: 2016-08-23
Human intestinal ischemia and reperfusion
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Ongoing
Date: 2016-06-06
Single centre randomised controlled trial to assess the effect of the addition of twenty-four hours of oral tranexamic acid post-operatively to a single intra-operative intravenous dose of tranexamic acid on calculated blood loss following primary hip and knee arthroplasty.
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2016-03-10
TIME OF ADMINISTRATION OF TRANEXAMIC ACID TO PREVENT BLEEDING IN TOTAL KNEE ARTHROPLASTY
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Ongoing
Date: 2016-03-10
Tranexamic acid to reduce blood loss in hemorrhagic caesarean delivery: a multicenter randomized double blind placebo
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Prematurely Ended
Date: 2016-02-02
Effects of Tranexamic Acid on on Intra- and Postoperative bleeding, Blood transfusion and Coagulation in Children Undergoing Craniosynostosis Surgery
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2015-08-05
Etude ESPER : Epargne Sanguine au cours de la pose d’une Prothèse de hanche totale grâce à l’Exacyl® chez le patient traité par Rivaroxaban
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2015-03-25
Tranexamic acid in major vascular surgery (Tranex-AAA)
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2015-01-05
The Effectiveness and Population Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacogenomics of a Reduced Dose of Tranexamic Acid for Craniosynostosis Surgery: A multicenter study. The TXA Study.
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Ongoing
Date: 2014-11-24
TRAnexamic Acid for Preventing postpartum hemorrhage
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2014-08-21
A ONE YEAR STUDY ON THE USE OF TRANEXAMIC ACID IN BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA SURGERY
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Ongoing
Date: 2014-05-07
Prevention of bleeding and edema in bi-maxillary orthognathic surgery; the effectiveness of tranexamic acid on intraoperative bleeding in orthognathic surgery
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2014-04-24
Topical application of tranexamic acid compared to the intravenous administration in total hip arthroplasty with the direct anterior approach. A prospective, randomized, clinical trial.
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Ongoing
Date: 2013-12-19
STOP-AUST: The Spot sign and Tranexamic acid On Preventing ICH growth – AUStralasia Trial
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Completed
Date: 2013-12-10
Evaluation of intra articular Tranexamic acid for reduction of total blood loss in total knee unilateral arthroplasty
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2013-10-30
Evaluation of postoperative administration of tranexamic acid on reducing blood loss after hip prothesis surgery.
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2013-08-08
The effect on blood loss with combined topical and intravenous tranexamic acid in cardiac surgery patients: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Ongoing
Date: 2013-04-24
Pilot study on efficacy of bilastine in preventing angioedema symptoms in patients with angioedema of unknown etiology (idiopathic angioedema, IAE)
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Prematurely Ended
Date: 2013-03-23
Tranexamic acid for the treatment of gastrointestinal haemorrhage: an international randomised, double blind placebo controlled trial
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Prematurely Ended, Completed
Date: 2013-02-22
Peroperative Tranexamic acid as prophylaxis of bleeding related to benign hysterectomy - a randomized, placebo-controlled trial
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2013-02-07
Tranexamic Acid for the treatment of significant traumatic brain injury: an international, randomised, double blind, placebo controlled trial.
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2012-12-03
Tranexamic acid for hyperacute primary IntraCerebral Haemorrhage TICH-2
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2012-11-23
Efficacy of topical tranexamic acid versus intravenous administration to reduce blood transfussion rate in total knee arthroplasty surgery: phase III, unicentric, controlled,double blind, randomized non inferiority clinical trial.
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2012-11-08
Ultra-early tranexamic acid after subarachnoid hemorrhage.
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2012-09-06
Prevention of postoperative bleeding in bone tumors surgery: A multicenter, randomized, parallel controlled clinical trial evaluating the efficacy of topic fibrin glue, topic tranexamic acid and normal haemostasia in patients undergoing massive bone resection.
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Ongoing
Date: 2012-07-09
Prevention of postoperative bleeding: A multicenter, randomized, parallel, controlled clinical trial, evaluating the efficacy of tranexamic acid and fibrin glue in patients undergoing interventions for sub-capital femoral fracture.
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Ongoing
Date: 2012-07-09
A Phase II, double-blind, parallel group, dose-selection study to compare antifibrinolytic MDCO-2010 vs. placebo and tranexamic acid in reducing blood loss in patients undergoing primary cardiac surgery
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Prematurely Ended
Date: 2012-04-03
Prevención del sangrado postoperatorio en artroplastia total de rodilla: Ensayo clínico multicéntrico, aleatorizado, abierto, paralelo de tres brazos de tratamiento, que evalúa la eficacia del ácido tranexámico endovenoso y tópico versus hemostasia habitual
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Ongoing
Date: 2011-11-30
International, prospective, double-blind, 3-arm comparative, randomized, placebo controlled phase IV study on the effect of counseling and either tranexamic acid or
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date: 2011-03-01
Tranexamic acid for the treatment of postpartum haemorrhage: An international randomised, double blind, placebo controlled trial
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2011-02-17
ACIDO TRANEXAMICO FRENTE A PLACEBO PARA LA REDUCCION DE LAS PERDIDAS SANGUINEAS EN LA CIRUGIA DE REEMPLAZO TOTAL DE CADERA: ENSAYO CLINICO ALEATORIZADO
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Ongoing
Date: 2010-11-12
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