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Treosulfan (NSC-39069; Treosulphan)

别名: NSC-39069; Treosulfan; NSC 39069; Treosulphan; Ovastat; Dihydroxybusulfan; threosulphan; Treosulfano; Treosulfanum; NSC39069; (2S,3S)-2,3-Dihydroxybutane-1,4diyl dimethanesulfonate 曲奥舒凡
目录号: V5077 纯度: ≥98%
COA 产品数据 产品说明书 SDS
Treosulfan（NSC 39069；Treosulfan）是一种新型有效的 DNA 烷化剂，对卵巢癌和其他实体瘤类型具有活性。
Treosulfan (NSC-39069; Treosulphan) CAS号: 299-75-2
产品类别: DNA alkylator
产品仅用于科学研究，不针对患者销售
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Other Forms of Treosulfan (NSC-39069; Treosulphan):

  • 白消安
  • 三亚乙基硫代磷酰胺
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InvivoChem产品被CNS等顶刊论文引用
纯度/质量控制文件

纯度: ≥98%

COA
MSDS
产品说明书
产品描述
Treosulfan（NSC 39069；Treosulfan）是一种新型有效的 DNA 烷化剂，对卵巢癌和其他实体瘤类型具有活性。 Treosulfan 是一种双功能磺酸盐烷基化剂的产品，具有清髓、免疫抑制和抗肿瘤活性。在生理条件下，三硫丹通过单环氧化物中间体非酶促转化为 L-二环氧丁烷。单环氧化物中间体和 L-二环氧丁烷在鸟嘌呤残基处烷基化 DNA 并产生 DNA 链间交联，导致 DNA 断裂和细胞凋亡。在增加剂量时，该药物还表现出清髓和免疫抑制活性。
生物活性&实验参考方法
靶点
DNA Alkylator
体外研究 (In Vitro)
Treosulfan 是一种烷基化剂。 Treosulfan 在 100 μg/mL 浓度下对多种癌细胞系（包括 Panc-1、Miapaca-2 和 Capan-2 细胞）表现出近 100% 的细胞毒性，IC50 分别为 3.6 μg/mL、1.8 μg/mL 和 2.1 μg /mL，分别。与 LY 188011 结合使用时，三硫丹 (0.1-100 μg/mL) 显示出更强的抗癌细胞活性。另一方面，Treosulfan（1、2.5 和 5 μg/ml）与 5-FU（0.1、0.25 和 0.5 μg/ml）组合在所有剂量下对 Miapaca-2 细胞和 Panc-1 表现出拮抗作用中浓度和高浓度的细胞[1]。 Treosulfan (800 µg/mL) 显着降低红细胞前向散射并提高 ROS、[Ca2+]i 和膜联蛋白-V 结合细胞的比例。当细胞外 Ca2+ 被去除后，Treosulfan 对膜联蛋白-V 结合的影响就会被抵消[2]。
体内研究 (In Vivo)
Treosulfan（1.5 g/kg/天）导致小鼠快速进行清髓并失去所有脾脏 B 和 T 细胞。 Treosulfan（1.5 g/kg/天）会短暂增加脾细胞中白细胞介素 2 的产生，但对小鼠肿瘤坏死因子-α 和/或 IFN-γ 的合成没有明显影响[3]。
细胞实验
在 96 孔组织培养板中，细胞以每孔 100 μL 体积生长，并以 1×104 细胞/mL 铺板用于细胞毒性测定。让细胞粘附一整夜后，将它们与不同浓度的 Treosulfan 单独培养或与 LY 188011 联合培养。药物组合可按顺序引入（第二种药物在第一种药物后 12 小时添加）或同时引入细胞培养物。 72 小时孵育期后，将 Alamar Blue® 溶液添加到孔中，然后再进行过夜孵育。接下来，使用分光光度计测定吸光度，并计算药物细胞毒性和细胞增殖。此外，在某些实验中，使用台盼蓝排除法测定增殖和细胞毒性，并使用改进的Neubauer血细胞计数器对细胞进行计数。通过用 7-氨基放线菌素 D（终浓度 200 μg/mL）和膜联蛋白-V 对细胞进行染色，然后使用 FACS 扫描流式细胞仪进行流式细胞术分析来评估细胞活力[1]。
动物实验
Mice: At 10 to 12 weeks of age, female BALB/c mice weighed about 20 g. Standard pelleted feed and unlimited water are provided to the animals. They are kept in a climate-controlled room with a 12-hour light/dark cycle. There are four groups that they are split up into: one group gets treated with liposomal NCI C01592 (37 mg/kg/day) for four days straight; another group receives NSC-26271 (0.1 g/kg/day) for two days straight; a control group does not receive any treatment. To sustain the animals' survival in the absence of bone marrow support, sublethal doses of NSC-26271, NCI C01592, and treosulfan are administered. Days 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 following the final treatment dose are dedicated to animal sacrifice, during which the femurs and spleen are extracted. Two control and six treated animals are included at each time point [3].
药代性质 (ADME/PK)
Absorption, Distribution and Excretion
In a pharmacologic study of the bioavailability of treosulfan in a capsule formulation, patients with relapsed ovarian carcinoma were treated with alternating doses of oral and intravenous (i.v.) treosulfan of 1.5 or 2.0 g daily for 5 to 8 days. ... The bioavailability ratio (f) of oral to i.v. administration was calculated as 0.97 + or - 0.18 (mean + or - SD) using the values AUC oral = 82.1 + or- 39.4 ug/ml hr and AUC i.v. = 85.4 + or - 30.3 ug/ml hr. The peak plasma concentration cmax (29 + or - 14 ug/ml vs 65 + or - 23 ug/ml) was significantly (P < 0.01) higher after i.v. administration and the tmax after oral administration was 1.5 + or - 0.34 hr. The terminal half-life of treosulfan was about 1.8 hr. The mean urinary excretion of the parent compound was about 15% of the administered total dose over 24 hr (range 6-26%). ... A feasible and reliable oral treosulfan formulation could provide the basis for the development of long-term low-dose outpatient treatment of patients with malignant diseases.
毒性/毒理 (Toxicokinetics/TK)
dog LDLo intravenous 222 mg/kg GASTROINTESTINAL: OTHER CHANGES; BLOOD: LEUKOPENIA; BLOOD: OTHER CHANGES Cancer Chemotherapy Reports, Part 2., 2(203), 1965
monkey LDLo intravenous 222 mg/kg BLOOD: LEUKOPENIA; BLOOD: AGRANULOCYTOSIS; BLOOD: OTHER CHANGES Cancer Chemotherapy Reports, Part 2., 2(203), 1965
Interactions
L-buthionine-[S,R]-sulfoximine had minor effects on the toxicity of doxorubicin, ACNU (1-[(4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl)methyl]-3-(2-chloroethyl)-3-nitrosou rea, nimustine) and vincristine. L-buthionine-[S,R]-sulfoximine failed to alter teniposide or cytarabine toxicity. L-buthionine-[S,R]-sulfoximine induced prominent sensitization to the alkylating agent, treosulfan, in both cell lines, as assessed by viability assays, in situ DNA end labeling and quantitative DNA fragmentation. Treosulfan is thought to mediate toxicity via formation of reactive epoxides. PMID:9484802
Antidote and Emergency Treatment
Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if needed. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Poison A and B/

Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in respiratory arrest. Positive pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start an IV with D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. Watch for signs of fluid overload. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam (Valium) ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Poison A and B/
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Human Toxicity Excerpts
... Twenty-two patients (15 ovarian and 7 other carcinomas/lymphomas) with a median age of 48 years were treated with 28 high-dose courses. Treosulfan was infused over 2 hr at escalating doses from 20 to 56 g/sq m, and pharmacokinetic parameters were analyzed. At 56 g/sq m, three of six patients experienced dose-limiting toxicities: diarrhea grade III/IV in three patients; mucositis/stomatitis grade III in one patient; toxic epidermal necrolysis in one patient; and grade III acidosis in one patient. Other low-grade side effects, including erythema, pain, fatigue, and nausea/vomiting, were recorded. Two patients died within 4 weeks after treatment because of rapid tumor progression and fungal infection, respectively. Plasma half-life, distribution volume, and renal elimination of treosulfan were independent of dose, whereas the increase in area under the curve was linear up to 56 g/sq m treosulfan. The maximum tolerated dose of high-dose treosulfan is 47 g/sq m. A split-dose or continuous infusion regimen is recommended for future high-dose trials. In consideration of antineoplastic activity and limited organ toxicity, inclusion of high-dose treosulfan in combination protocols with autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation seems worthwhile.

Venous blood was taken from apparently healthy volunteers and patients with cancer, the latter both before and at intervals after treatment with single cytotoxic drugs. Cells from untreated individuals were exposed to a range of concentrations of drugs in culture medium. Chlorambucil, treosulfan and cyclophosphamide (activated by hepatic microsomes) significantly increased the numbers of SCEs, both in vitro and in the lymphocytes of patients. While methotrexate and 5-fluorouracil had no effect, bleomycin slightly increased the number of SCEs, but only in vitro. Although the in vitro dose-effect relationship indicated which drugs would increase the frequency of SCE in vivo, the magnitude of the response tended to be overestimated. When patients were treated with drugs the frequency of SCE increased, then declined with time. Though this complicates the quantitative relationship between dose and damage, SCEs may be useful to monitor the effects of alkylating agents on normal tissues. PMID:6891648

Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts
The cytotoxicity and mutagenicity of the human carcinogen, treosulphan, and its hydrolysis product, dl-1,2:3,4-diepoxybutane (DEB), were studied in Chinese hamster ovary, AS52, cells. Treosulphan (0.1-1.0 mM) is toxic and mutagenic at the gpt locus. A strong pH dependence was noted. dl-1,2:3,4-diepoxybutane is cytotoxic and mutagenic at a much lower dose (0.025 mM), but these effects were not affected by pH. The results suggest that the toxic and mutagenic effects of treosulphan are mediated by its hydrolysis product DEB, and that the conversion of treosulphan to DEB is highly pH-dependent. PMID:8419160

Two human carcinogens, 4-aminobiphenyl (4AB) and treosulphan (Treo), were tested in male B6C3F1 mice for the induction of micronuclei in bone marrow and peripheral blood cells by 1-, 2- and 3-exposure protocols. Both compounds tested positive. The magnitude of response with respect to the incidence of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes by 2- and 3-exposure protocols was considerably higher than by the single-exposure protocol. The peripheral blood results for Treo were as typically seen with a 24-h delay when compared to the bone marrow. The peripheral blood results for 4AB, however, differed from those expected. The incidence of MN-PCE in peripheral blood of animals exposed to 4AB was significantly greater than seen in the bone marrow in 2- and 3-exposure protocols. There was also an increase in the % PCE at the 60 mg/kg dose level as a function of time. Based on these studies, it is concluded that a step-wise scoring scheme may be the best protocol for rodent micronucleus assay, involving a 3-exposure protocol with single sampling of bone marrow (24 h after the last treatment) and two samplings of peripheral blood (24 h and 48 h after the first treatment). This approach is cost-effective, it limits the number of animals required and provides maximum sensitivity.

参考文献

[1]. Synergistic cytotoxic activity of treosulfan and LY 188011 in pancreatic cancer cell lines. Anticancer Res. 2014 Apr;34(4):1779-84.

[2]. Programmed erythrocyte death following in vitro Treosulfan treatment. Cell Physiol Biochem. 2015;35(4):1372-80.

[3]. Myeloablative and immunosuppressive properties of treosulfan in mice. Exp Hematol. 2006 Jan;34(1):115-21.
其他信息
Treosulfan can cause cancer according to California Labor Code.
Treosulphan is an odorless white crystalline powder. (NTP, 1992)
Treosulfan is a methanesulfonate ester.
Treosulfan is under investigation in Allogeneic Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation. Treosulfan has been investigated for the treatment of Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Acute, Childhood.
Treosulfan is the prodrug of a bifunctional sulfonate alkylating agent with myeloablative, immunosuppressive, and antineoplastic activities. Under physiological conditions, treosulfan converts nonenzymatically to L-diepoxybutane via a monoepoxide intermediate. The monoepoxide intermediate and L-diepoxybutane alkylate DNA at guanine residues and produce DNA interstrand crosslinks, resulting in DNA fragmentation and apoptosis. In escalated doses, this agent also exhibits myeloablative and immunosuppressive activities.
Drug Indication
Treosulfan in combination with fludarabine is indicated as part of conditioning treatment prior to allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT) in adult patients and in paediatric patients older than one month with malignant and non-malignant diseases.
Conditioning treatment prior to haematopoietic-progenitor-cell transplantation
Mechanism of Action
The anti-tumour drug treosulfan (L-threitol 1,4-bismethanesulphonate, Ovastat) is a prodrug for epoxy compounds by converting non-enzymatically to L-diepoxybutane via the corresponding monoepoxide under physiological conditions. The present study supports the hypothesis that this conversion of treosulfan is required for cytotoxicity in vitro. DNA alkylation and interstrand cross-linking of plasmid DNA is observed after treosulfan treatment, but this is again produced via the epoxide species. Alkylation occurs at guanine bases with a sequence selectivity similar to other alkylating agents such as the nitrogen mustards. In treosulfan-treated K562 cells, cross-links form slowly, reaching a peak at approximately 24 h. Incubation of K562 cells with preformed epoxides shows faster and more efficient DNA cross-linking.
*注: 文献方法仅供参考, InvivoChem并未独立验证这些方法的准确性
化学信息 & 存储运输条件
分子式
C6H14O8S2
分子量
278.30056
精确质量
278.013
元素分析
C, 25.89; H, 5.07; O, 45.99; S, 23.04
CAS号
299-75-2
相关CAS号
299-75-2 (Treosulfan); 55-98-1 (Busulfan); 52-24-4 (Thiotepa, Girostan; AI3-24916; NSC-6396)
PubChem CID
9882105
外观&性状
White to off-white solid powder
密度
1.6±0.1 g/cm3
沸点
607.0±55.0 °C at 760 mmHg
熔点
216 °F (NTP, 1992)
闪点
320.9±31.5 °C
蒸汽压
0.0±3.9 mmHg at 25°C
折射率
1.518
LogP
-1.64
tPSA
143.96
氢键供体(HBD)数目
2
氢键受体(HBA)数目
8
可旋转键数目(RBC)
7
重原子数目
16
分子复杂度/Complexity
345
定义原子立体中心数目
2
SMILES
O[C@H]([C@@H](O)COS(C)(=O)=O)COS(C)(=O)=O
InChi Key
YCPOZVAOBBQLRI-WDSKDSINSA-N
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C6H14O8S2/c1-15(9,10)13-3-5(7)6(8)4-14-16(2,11)12/h5-8H,3-4H2,1-2H3/t5-,6-/m0/s1
化学名
[(2S,3S)-2,3-dihydroxy-4-methylsulfonyloxybutyl] methanesulfonate
别名
NSC-39069; Treosulfan; NSC 39069; Treosulphan; Ovastat; Dihydroxybusulfan; threosulphan; Treosulfano; Treosulfanum; NSC39069; (2S,3S)-2,3-Dihydroxybutane-1,4diyl dimethanesulfonate
HS Tariff Code
2934.99.9001
存储方式

Powder      -20°C    3 years

                     4°C     2 years

In solvent   -80°C    6 months

                  -20°C    1 month
运输条件
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
溶解度数据
溶解度 (体外实验)
DMSO: ~56 mg/mL (~201.2 mM)
Water: ~56 mg/mL
溶解度 (体内实验)
配方 1 中的溶解度: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (8.98 mM) (饱和度未知) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (这些助溶剂从左到右依次添加，逐一添加), 澄清溶液。
例如，若需制备1 mL的工作液，可将100 μL 25.0 mg/mL澄清DMSO储备液加入到400 μL PEG300中，混匀；然后向上述溶液中加入50 μL Tween-80，混匀；加入450 μL生理盐水定容至1 mL。
*生理盐水的制备：将 0.9 g 氯化钠溶解在 100 mL ddH₂O中，得到澄清溶液。
配方 2 中的溶解度: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (8.98 mM) (饱和度未知) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (这些助溶剂从左到右依次添加，逐一添加), 澄清溶液。
例如，若需制备1 mL的工作液，可将 100 μL 25.0 mg/mL澄清DMSO储备液加入900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD生理盐水溶液中，混匀。
*20% SBE-β-CD 生理盐水溶液的制备（4°C，1 周）：将 2 g SBE-β-CD 溶解于 10 mL 生理盐水中，得到澄清溶液。
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配方 3 中的溶解度: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (8.98 mM) (饱和度未知) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (这些助溶剂从左到右依次添加，逐一添加), 澄清溶液。
例如，若需制备1 mL的工作液，可将 100 μL 25.0 mg/mL 澄清 DMSO 储备液加入到 900 μL 玉米油中并混合均匀。

配方 4 中的溶解度: 16.67 mg/mL (59.90 mM) in PBS (这些助溶剂从左到右依次添加，逐一添加), 澄清溶液; 超声助溶.

请根据您的实验动物和给药方式选择适当的溶解配方/方案：
1、请先配制澄清的储备液(如：用DMSO配置50 或 100 mg/mL母液(储备液));
2、取适量母液，按从左到右的顺序依次添加助溶剂，澄清后再加入下一助溶剂。以 下列配方为例说明 (注意此配方只用于说明，并不一定代表此产品 的实际溶解配方):
10% DMSO → 40% PEG300 → 5% Tween-80 → 45% ddH2O (或 saline);
假设最终工作液的体积为 1 mL, 浓度为5 mg/mL: 取 100 μL 50 mg/mL 的澄清 DMSO 储备液加到 400 μL PEG300 中，混合均匀/澄清；向上述体系中加入50 μL Tween-80，混合均匀/澄清；然后继续加入450 μL ddH2O (或 saline)定容至 1 mL；
3、溶剂前显示的百分比是指该溶剂在最终溶液/工作液中的体积所占比例;
4、 如产品在配制过程中出现沉淀/析出，可通过加热(≤50℃)或超声的方式助溶;
5、为保证最佳实验结果，工作液请现配现用！
6、如不确定怎么将母液配置成体内动物实验的工作液，请查看说明书或联系我们;
7、 以上所有助溶剂都可在 Invivochem.cn网站购买。
制备储备液 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 3.5932 mL 17.9662 mL 35.9324 mL
5 mM 0.7186 mL 3.5932 mL 7.1865 mL
10 mM 0.3593 mL 1.7966 mL 3.5932 mL

1、根据实验需要选择合适的溶剂配制储备液 (母液)：对于大多数产品，InvivoChem推荐用DMSO配置母液 (比如：5、10、20mM或者10、20、50 mg/mL浓度），个别水溶性高的产品可直接溶于水。产品在DMSO 、水或其他溶剂中的具体溶解度详见上”溶解度 (体外)”部分;

2、如果您找不到您想要的溶解度信息，或者很难将产品溶解在溶液中，请联系我们;

3、建议使用下列计算器进行相关计算（摩尔浓度计算器、稀释计算器、分子量计算器、重组计算器等）;

4、母液配好之后，将其分装到常规用量，并储存在-20°C或-80°C，尽量减少反复冻融循环。

计算器
计算 重置

摩尔浓度计算器可计算特定溶液所需的质量、体积/浓度，具体如下：

  • 计算制备已知体积和浓度的溶液所需的化合物的质量
  • 计算将已知质量的化合物溶解到所需浓度所需的溶液体积
  • 计算特定体积中已知质量的化合物产生的溶液的浓度
使用摩尔浓度计算器计算摩尔浓度的示例如下所示：
假如化合物的分子量为350.26 g/mol，在5mL DMSO中制备10mM储备液所需的化合物的质量是多少？
  • 在分子量（MW）框中输入350.26
  • 在“浓度”框中输入10，然后选择正确的单位（mM）
  • 在“体积”框中输入5，然后选择正确的单位（mL）
  • 单击“计算”按钮
  • 答案17.513 mg出现在“质量”框中。以类似的方式，您可以计算体积和浓度。
计算 重置

稀释计算器可计算如何稀释已知浓度的储备液。例如，可以输入C1、C2和V2来计算V1，具体如下：

制备25毫升25μM溶液需要多少体积的10 mM储备溶液？
使用方程式C1V1=C2V2，其中C1=10mM，C2=25μM，V2=25 ml，V1未知：
  • 在C1框中输入10，然后选择正确的单位（mM）
  • 在C2框中输入25，然后选择正确的单位（μM）
  • 在V2框中输入25，然后选择正确的单位（mL）
  • 单击“计算”按钮
  • 答案62.5μL（0.1 ml）出现在V1框中
g/mol
计算 重置

分子量计算器可计算化合物的分子量 (摩尔质量)和元素组成，具体如下：

注：化学分子式大小写敏感：C12H18N3O4  c12h18n3o4
计算化合物摩尔质量（分子量）的说明：
  • 要计算化合物的分子量 (摩尔质量)，请输入化学/分子式，然后单击“计算”按钮。
分子质量、分子量、摩尔质量和摩尔量的定义：
  • 分子质量（或分子量）是一种物质的一个分子的质量，用统一的原子质量单位（u）表示。（1u等于碳-12中一个原子质量的1/12）
  • 摩尔质量（摩尔重量）是一摩尔物质的质量，以g/mol表示。
/
计算 重置

配液计算器可计算将特定质量的产品配成特定浓度所需的溶剂体积 (配液体积)

  • 输入试剂的质量、所需的配液浓度以及正确的单位
  • 单击“计算”按钮
  • 答案显示在体积框中
动物体内实验配方计算器（澄清溶液）
第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量）
第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶/难溶于水的化合物），不同的产品和批次配方组成不同，如对配方有疑问，可先联系我们提供正确的体内实验配方。此外，请注意这只是一个配方计算器，而不是特定产品的确切配方。
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计算 重置

计算结果:

工作液浓度： mg/mL；

DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL)。如该浓度超过该批次药物DMSO溶解度，请首先与我们联系。

体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL ddH2O，混匀澄清。

(1) 请确保溶液澄清之后，再加入下一种溶剂 (助溶剂) 。可利用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等方法助溶；
            (2) 一定要按顺序加入溶剂 (助溶剂) 。

临床试验信息
NCT Number Recruitment interventions Conditions Sponsor/Collaborators Start Date Phases
NCT05534620 Not yet recruiting Drug: Treosulfan
Drug: Fludarabine		 Acute Myeloid Leukaemia
(AML)
Myelodysplastic Syndrome
(MDS)		 medac GmbH November 2023 Phase 1
NCT05807932 Recruiting Drug: Venetoclax
Drug: Amsacrine		 Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia
Myelodysplastic Syndromes		 Heinrich-Heine University,
Duesseldorf		 June 26, 2023 Phase 1
Phase 2
NCT04965597 Recruiting Drug: Treosulfan
Drug: Tacrolimus		 Hereditary Sideroblastic Anemia
Bone Marrow Failure Syndrome		 Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center April 19, 2022 Phase 2
NCT05636787 Recruiting Drug: Treosulfan
Drug: Melphalan		 Multiple Myeloma Insel Gruppe AG, University
Hospital Bern		 June 6, 2023 Phase 2
生物数据图片

  • Effect of Treosulfan on erythrocyte forward scatter. Cell Physiol Biochem . 2015;35(4):1372-80.

  • Effect of Treosulfan on phosphatidylserine exposure. Cell Physiol Biochem . 2015;35(4):1372-80

  • Effect of Treosulfan on reactive oxygen species. Cell Physiol Biochem . 2015;35(4):1372-80.

  • Dose-dependent cytotoxicity of treosulfan in Panc-1, Miapaca-2 and Capan-2 cells, as determined by Alamar blue assay. Anticancer Res . 2014 Apr;34(4):1779-84.

  • Effects of treatment with treosulfan and gemcitabine, alone and in combination in Panc-1 and Miapaca-2 cells as determined by the Alamar blue assay. Anticancer Res . 2014 Apr;34(4):1779-84.
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