| 规格 | 价格 | 库存 | 数量 |
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| 靶点 |
Mcl-1 (IC50 = 0.7 nM); Mcl-1 (Kd = 0.17 nM)
AZD5991 is a potent and direct inhibitor of Mcl-1 with high selectivity versus other Bcl-2 family proteins. Apoptosis is triggered quickly in cancer cells by AZD5991 by binding directly to Mcl-1 and activating the Bak-dependent mitochondrial apoptotic pathway, most notably in myeloma and acute myeloid leukemia (GI50 100nM) cells. Hematological cells are preferentially killed by AZD5991 in a panel of cancer-derived cell lines with hematological or solid tumor origins[1][3]. |
|---|---|
| 体外研究 (In Vitro) |
AZD5991 是一种有效的直接 Mcl-1 抑制剂,与其他 Bcl-2 家族蛋白相比具有高选择性。 AZD5991 通过直接与 Mcl-1 结合并激活 Bak 依赖性线粒体凋亡途径,在癌细胞中快速触发细胞凋亡,尤其是在骨髓瘤和急性髓性白血病 (GI50 100nM) 细胞中。在一组具有血液学或实体瘤起源的癌症衍生细胞系中,AZD5991 优先杀死血液细胞[1][3]。
AZD5991 可在 Mcl-1 依赖性癌细胞系中快速诱导细胞凋亡。在敏感的多发性骨髓瘤细胞系 MOLP-8 中,10 nM 的 AZD5991 处理可在 15 分钟内使 Mcl-1 从促凋亡蛋白 Bak 上解离(通过免疫共沉淀证实)。随后发生线粒体外膜通透性增加、caspase-3/7 激活、磷脂酰丝氨酸外翻、细胞 ATP 耗竭,并最终在 20 小时内导致细胞膜通透性丧失。 [1] 在 MV4-11 细胞中进行的细胞热转移实验(CETSA)表明,AZD5991 能在细胞内结合并稳定 Mcl-1 蛋白,EC50 为 13 nM(95% CI 0.004328–0.03125 nM)。 [1] AZD5991 的细胞毒性作用依赖于 Bak。在 NCI-H23 细胞中敲低 Bak 会使其对 AZD5991 诱导的 caspase-3/7 激活和细胞死亡产生抵抗。在 Eµ-Myc 淋巴瘤细胞中过表达其他抗凋亡蛋白(Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, Bfl-1/A1, Bcl-w)会阻断其活性,证实了其靶向 Mcl-1 的特异性机制。 [1] 在广泛的癌细胞系筛选中,血液系统恶性肿瘤(如多发性骨髓瘤、急性髓系白血病)对 AZD5991 尤为敏感。其抑制细胞生长的能力与其激活 caspase-3/7 的能力密切相关。 [1] 在来自 48 例多发性骨髓瘤患者骨髓的原代单个核细胞的离体实验中,用 AZD5991 处理 24 小时后,71% 的样本其诱导凋亡的 EC50 低于 100 nM。 [1] 体外联合研究表明,AZD5991 与蛋白酶体抑制剂硼替佐米(可上调促凋亡蛋白 Bim)以及 Bcl-2 抑制剂维奈克拉在诱导 caspase 激活方面具有协同作用,特别是在对单药耐药的细胞系中。 [1] |
| 体内研究 (In Vivo) |
单次耐受性良好的剂量后,AZD5991 单独使用或与硼替佐米或维奈托克联合使用时,在多种多发性骨髓瘤和急性髓性白血病模型中表现出强大的体内抗肿瘤活性,肿瘤完全消退。这些体内研究中 caspase-3 和 PARP 的裂解表明,AZD5991 的细胞毒活性与线粒体凋亡途径的激活密切相关[1]。
在皮下 MOLP-8(多发性骨髓瘤)小鼠异种移植模型中,单次静脉注射 AZD5991 可诱导剂量依赖性的抗肿瘤活性。10 mg/kg 和 30 mg/kg 剂量在第10天分别导致 52% 和 93% 的肿瘤生长抑制。单次 60 mg/kg 剂量导致 99% 的肿瘤消退,7只小鼠中有6只检测不到肿瘤;100 mg/kg 剂量在所有小鼠中引起完全肿瘤消退。肿瘤消退与肿瘤内 cleaved caspase-3 的诱导相关。 [1] 在 NCI-H929 多发性骨髓瘤异种移植模型中,单次静脉注射 100 mg/kg 的 AZD5991 同样导致完全肿瘤消退。 [1] 在 MV4-11(急性髓系白血病)异种移植模型中,单次静脉注射 AZD5991(10、30、100 mg/kg)引起剂量依赖性的抗肿瘤活性,100 mg/kg 剂量在7天内使所有小鼠的肿瘤完全消退。疗效与肿瘤中 cleaved caspase-3 和 PARP 的增加相关。 [1] 在弥散性 MOLM-13 AML 小鼠模型中,每周静脉注射 AZD5991(60 mg/kg)治疗10天后,显著减少了外周血和骨髓中的白血病细胞百分比。 [1] 体内联合治疗显示了增强的疗效。在 NCI-H929 模型中,次有效剂量的 AZD5991(30 mg/kg,静脉注射)联合硼替佐米(1 mg/kg,静脉注射)诱导了 88% 的肿瘤消退,而单药仅显示微弱活性。 [1] 在 OCI-AML3 异种移植模型中(该模型对单药固有耐药),AZD5991(60 mg/kg,静脉注射,每周一次)与维奈克拉(100 mg/kg,口服,每日一次)联合治疗导致所有小鼠肿瘤消退,而单药治疗仅显示微弱的生长抑制。 [1] |
| 酶活实验 |
AZD5991 对 Mcl-1 及其他 Bcl-2 家族蛋白的结合亲和力和选择性通过时间分辨荧光共振能量转移(TR-FRET)竞争性结合实验测定。将重组 GST 或 His 标签蛋白(Mcl-1、Bcl-2、Bcl-xL、Bcl-w、Bfl-1)与铕标记的抗体和荧光标记的肽段(Bim 或 Bak 肽)一起孵育。将测试化合物进行系列稀释并加入反应体系。孵育后,测量 665 nm(受体)与 612 nm(供体)的发射光比值。相对于 DMSO 和仅含肽段的对照计算抑制百分比,并得出 IC50 值。使用已知的肽段 Kd 值,通过 Cheng-Prusoff 方程计算抑制常数(Ki)。 [1]
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| 细胞实验 |
MOLP-8 细胞用 AZD5991 或 DMSO 对照处理 30 分钟。然后将样品离心,将沉淀重悬于冰冷的裂解缓冲液中,并在冰上孵育 20 分钟,每 5 分钟涡旋一次。离心样品后,测量蛋白质浓度。在 4°C 下旋转孵育抗 Mcl-1 抗体过夜之前,使用旋转和 50% Protein A/G 磁珠浆液在 4°C 下将样品预净化 30 分钟。之后,加入Protein A/G磁珠并在4℃下旋转1小时。每个 IP 沉淀物均添加 10% 的样品还原剂,然后用裂解缓冲液/PBS (1:1) 洗涤四次,然后进行蛋白质印迹分析。
对于 caspase 激活和细胞活力测定,将细胞接种于 384 孔板中。对于 caspase-3/7 激活,细胞用 AZD5991 处理 2 或 6 小时,随后加入 Caspase-Glo 3/7 试剂,测量化学发光。对于细胞活力,细胞处理 24 小时后,加入 CellTiter-Glo 试剂,测量化学发光。绘制剂量反应曲线以确定 EC50(caspase)或 GL50(活力)值。 [1] 对于 MOLP-8 细胞的凋亡动力学分析,在 AZD5991 处理后的不同时间点评估标志物:通过 TMRE 染色和流式细胞术测量线粒体外膜通透性;通过 Annexin V 染色测量磷脂酰丝氨酸外翻;通过 7-AAD 染色测量细胞膜通透性。 [1] 对于细胞靶点结合,进行了细胞热转移实验(CETSA)。用 AZD5991 或 DMSO 处理 MV4-11 细胞,进行热激,裂解细胞,并通过 Western blot 分析可溶组分中的 Mcl-1 蛋白水平。使用 48°C 的等温剂量反应曲线确定稳定 Mcl-1 的 EC50。 [1] 对于评估 Mcl-1:Bak 复合物破坏的免疫共沉淀实验,用 AZD5991 处理 MOLP-8 细胞,裂解后免疫沉淀 Mcl-1。通过 Western blot 检测共沉淀的 Bak 以及裂解物中 Mcl-1、Bim 和 cleaved PARP 的水平。 [1] |
| 动物实验 |
Mice and Rats[1] In mice, drugs (e.g., AZD5991; 10-100 mg/kg) are dosed intravenously in a volume of 5 mL/kg except for Venetoclax that is dosed orally in a volume of 10 mL/kg. One million MV4-11, five million MOLP-8, ten million NCI-H929 or five million OCI-AML3 cells are injected subcutaneously in the right flank of mice in a volume of 0.1 mL. In rats, AZD5991 (10-100 mg/kg) is dosed intravenously in a volume of 10 mL/kg. Ten million MV4-11 cells are injected subcutaneously in the right flank of rats in a volume of 0.1 mL. Tumor volumes (measured by caliper), animal body weight, and tumor condition are recorded twice weekly for the duration of the study. The tumor volume is calculated[1].
For subcutaneous xenograft efficacy studies, female CB-17 SCID mice were implanted with tumor cells (e.g., 1x10^6 MV4-11, 5x10^6 MOLP-8). When tumors reached an average volume of approximately 230 mm³, mice were randomized into treatment groups. AZD5991 was formulated in 10% DMSO / 40% PEG400 / 50% citrate buffer (pH 4) and administered as a single intravenous bolus injection at doses ranging from 10 to 100 mg/kg in a volume of 5 mL/kg. Tumor volumes and body weights were monitored regularly. [1] For combination studies with bortezomib in the NCI-H929 model, AZD5991 (30 mg/kg, i.v.) and bortezomib (1 mg/kg, i.v.) were administered as single doses. [1] For combination studies with venetoclax in the OCI-AML3 model, AZD5991 was administered intravenously at 60 mg/kg once weekly, and venetoclax was administered orally at 100 mg/kg daily. Venetoclax was formulated in 10% ethanol, 30% PEG 400, 60% Phosal 50 PG. [1] For the disseminated MOLM-13 AML model, CIEA-NOG mice were injected intravenously with leukemia cells. Treatment started 3 days later. AZD5991 (60 mg/kg) was administered intravenously once weekly. Bone marrow and peripheral blood were analyzed by flow cytometry for human CD45+ HLA-ABC+ leukemic cells on day 10. [1] For pharmacokinetic analysis, plasma samples were collected from tumor-bearing mice at various time points after a single intravenous dose of AZD5991 (10-100 mg/kg). Samples were processed with acetonitrile containing internal standard and analyzed by LC-MS/MS against a calibration curve. [1] |
| 药代性质 (ADME/PK) |
AZD5991 exhibits high plasma protein binding, with only 0.1% free fraction measured in fetal calf serum. This significantly impacts its cellular potency, as evidenced by increasing EC50 values for caspase induction in MOLP-8 cells with higher serum concentrations (EC50 = 0.001, 0.008, 0.033 μM in 0%, 2%, and 10% serum, respectively). [1]
Following a single intravenous dose in mice bearing MOLP-8 tumors, AZD5991 showed dose-dependent plasma exposure. The plasma concentration-time profile was provided for doses of 10, 30, 60, and 100 mg/kg over 24 hours. [1] The binding affinity of AZD5991 varies across species. Its Kd for mouse Mcl-1 is approximately 25-fold weaker than for human Mcl-1, and for rat Mcl-1 it is about 4-fold weaker. It binds with equivalent high affinity to human, dog, and cynomolgus monkey Mcl-1. [1] |
| 毒性/毒理 (Toxicokinetics/TK) |
In mouse xenograft studies, single intravenous doses of AZD5991 up to 100 mg/kg were well tolerated, with no significant body weight loss reported. However, the weaker binding to mouse Mcl-1 must be considered when interpreting tolerability in these models. [1]
In a rat MV4-11 xenograft model, AZD5991 dosed at 30 mg/kg (intravenous) induced tumor regression without significant body weight loss. [1] In a syngeneic mouse model of Eµ-Myc lymphoma (where host and tumor Mcl-1 have similar sensitivity), AZD5991 dosed at 100 mg/kg (intravenous) on days 3 and 10 post-transplant depleted leukemic cells from peripheral blood and prolonged survival without severe toxicity, indicating activity at tolerated doses in a pharmacologically relevant setting. [1] |
| 参考文献 | |
| 其他信息 |
AZD-5991 is under investigation in clinical trial NCT03218683 (Study of AZD5991 in Relapsed or Refractory Haematologic Malignancies.).
Mcl-1 Inhibitor AZD5991 is an inhibitor of induced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein (myeloid cell leukemia-1; Mcl-1; Bcl2-L-3), with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, AZD5991 binds to Mcl-1, thereby preventing the binding of Mcl-1 to and inactivation of certain pro-apoptotic proteins, and promoting apoptosis of cells overexpressing Mcl-1. Mcl-1, an anti-apoptotic protein belonging to the Bcl-2 family of proteins, is upregulated in cancer cells and promotes tumor cell survival. AZD5991 is a first-in-class, rationally designed macrocyclic molecule that directly and selectively inhibits the anti-apoptotic protein Mcl-1. It is currently in a Phase I clinical trial for patients with hematological malignancies (NCT03218683). [1] The drug mechanism involves high-affinity binding to Mcl-1, displacing pro-apoptotic proteins like Bak and Bim, thereby activating the intrinsic (mitochondrial) apoptotic pathway in a Bak-dependent manner. [1] AZD5991 demonstrates potent single-agent activity in preclinical models of multiple myeloma and acute myeloid leukemia, and shows promise in combination with bortezomib or venetoclax to overcome resistance. [1] |
| 分子式 |
C35H34CLN5O3S2
|
|---|---|
| 分子量 |
672.2592
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| 精确质量 |
671.18
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| 元素分析 |
C, 62.53; H, 5.10; Cl, 5.27; N, 10.42; O, 7.14; S, 9.54
|
| CAS号 |
2143061-81-6
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| 相关CAS号 |
AZD-5991 Racemate;2143010-83-5;AZD-5991 (S-enantiomer);2143061-82-7
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| PubChem CID |
131634760
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| 外观&性状 |
White to off-white solid powder
|
| LogP |
6.8
|
| tPSA |
138
|
| 氢键供体(HBD)数目 |
1
|
| 氢键受体(HBA)数目 |
7
|
| 可旋转键数目(RBC) |
1
|
| 重原子数目 |
46
|
| 分子复杂度/Complexity |
1060
|
| 定义原子立体中心数目 |
0
|
| InChi Key |
KBQCEQAXHPIRTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C35H34ClN5O3S2/c1-20-31-29(38-40(20)3)19-45-17-22-15-23(41(4)37-22)18-46-24-14-21-8-5-6-9-25(21)30(16-24)44-13-7-10-26-27-11-12-28(36)32(31)33(27)39(2)34(26)35(42)43/h5-6,8-9,11-12,14-16H,7,10,13,17-19H2,1-4H3,(H,42,43)
|
| 化学名 |
17-chloro-5,13,14,22-tetramethyl-28-oxa-2,9-dithia-5,6,12,13,22-pentazaheptacyclo[27.7.1.14,7.011,15.016,21.020,24.030,35]octatriaconta-1(36),4(38),6,11,14,16,18,20,23,29(37),30,32,34-tridecaene-23-carboxylic acid
|
| 别名 |
AZD 5991; AZD-5991; AZD5991
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| 存储方式 |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| 运输条件 |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| 溶解度 (体外实验) |
DMSO: 100~250 mg/mL (148.8~371.9 mM)
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|---|---|
| 溶解度 (体内实验) |
配方 1 中的溶解度: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (3.09 mM) (饱和度未知) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (这些助溶剂从左到右依次添加,逐一添加), 澄清溶液。
例如,若需制备1 mL的工作液,可将100 μL 20.8 mg/mL澄清DMSO储备液加入400 μL PEG300中,混匀;然后向上述溶液中加入50 μL Tween-80,混匀;加入450 μL生理盐水定容至1 mL。 *生理盐水的制备:将 0.9 g 氯化钠溶解在 100 mL ddH₂O中,得到澄清溶液。 配方 2 中的溶解度: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (3.09 mM) (饱和度未知) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (这些助溶剂从左到右依次添加,逐一添加), 澄清溶液。 例如,若需制备1 mL的工作液,可将 100 μL 20.8 mg/mL澄清的DMSO储备液加入到400 μL PEG300中,混匀;再向上述溶液中加入50 μL Tween-80,混匀;然后加入450 μL生理盐水定容至1 mL。 *生理盐水的制备:将 0.9 g 氯化钠溶解在 100 mL ddH₂O中,得到澄清溶液。 View More
配方 3 中的溶解度: 2.08 mg/mL (3.09 mM) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (这些助溶剂从左到右依次添加,逐一添加), 悬浊液; 超声助溶。 配方 4 中的溶解度: 2.08 mg/mL (3.09 mM) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (这些助溶剂从左到右依次添加,逐一添加), 悬浊液; 超声助溶。 例如,若需制备1 mL的工作液,可将100μL 20.8mg/mL澄清的DMSO储备液加入到900μL 20%SBE-β-CD生理盐水中,混匀。 *20% SBE-β-CD 生理盐水溶液的制备(4°C,1 周):将 2 g SBE-β-CD 溶解于 10 mL 生理盐水中,得到澄清溶液。 配方 5 中的溶解度: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (3.09 mM) (饱和度未知) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (这些助溶剂从左到右依次添加,逐一添加), 澄清溶液。 例如,若需制备1 mL的工作液,可将100 μL 20.8 mg/mL 澄清 DMSO 储备液加入900 μL 玉米油中,混合均匀。 配方 6 中的溶解度: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (3.09 mM) (饱和度未知) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (这些助溶剂从左到右依次添加,逐一添加), 澄清溶液。 例如,若需制备1 mL的工作液,可将 100 μL 20.8 mg/mL 澄清 DMSO 储备液添加到 900 μL 玉米油中并混合均匀。 1、请先配制澄清的储备液(如:用DMSO配置50 或 100 mg/mL母液(储备液)); 2、取适量母液,按从左到右的顺序依次添加助溶剂,澄清后再加入下一助溶剂。以 下列配方为例说明 (注意此配方只用于说明,并不一定代表此产品 的实际溶解配方): 10% DMSO → 40% PEG300 → 5% Tween-80 → 45% ddH2O (或 saline); 假设最终工作液的体积为 1 mL, 浓度为5 mg/mL: 取 100 μL 50 mg/mL 的澄清 DMSO 储备液加到 400 μL PEG300 中,混合均匀/澄清;向上述体系中加入50 μL Tween-80,混合均匀/澄清;然后继续加入450 μL ddH2O (或 saline)定容至 1 mL; 3、溶剂前显示的百分比是指该溶剂在最终溶液/工作液中的体积所占比例; 4、 如产品在配制过程中出现沉淀/析出,可通过加热(≤50℃)或超声的方式助溶; 5、为保证最佳实验结果,工作液请现配现用! 6、如不确定怎么将母液配置成体内动物实验的工作液,请查看说明书或联系我们; 7、 以上所有助溶剂都可在 Invivochem.cn网站购买。 |
| 制备储备液 | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 1.4875 mL | 7.4376 mL | 14.8752 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.2975 mL | 1.4875 mL | 2.9750 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1488 mL | 0.7438 mL | 1.4875 mL |
1、根据实验需要选择合适的溶剂配制储备液 (母液):对于大多数产品,InvivoChem推荐用DMSO配置母液 (比如:5、10、20mM或者10、20、50 mg/mL浓度),个别水溶性高的产品可直接溶于水。产品在DMSO 、水或其他溶剂中的具体溶解度详见上”溶解度 (体外)”部分;
2、如果您找不到您想要的溶解度信息,或者很难将产品溶解在溶液中,请联系我们;
3、建议使用下列计算器进行相关计算(摩尔浓度计算器、稀释计算器、分子量计算器、重组计算器等);
4、母液配好之后,将其分装到常规用量,并储存在-20°C或-80°C,尽量减少反复冻融循环。
计算结果:
工作液浓度: mg/mL;
DMSO母液配制方法: mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液(母液浓度 mg/mL)。如该浓度超过该批次药物DMSO溶解度,请首先与我们联系。
体内配方配制方法:取 μL DMSO母液,加入 μL PEG300,混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80,混匀澄清后加入 μL ddH2O,混匀澄清。
(1) 请确保溶液澄清之后,再加入下一种溶剂 (助溶剂) 。可利用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等方法助溶;
(2) 一定要按顺序加入溶剂 (助溶剂) 。
| NCT Number | Recruitment | interventions | Conditions | Sponsor/Collaborators | Start Date | Phases |
| NCT03218683 | Terminated | Drug: AZD5991 + Venetoclax Drug: AZD5991 |
Relapsed or Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) |
AstraZeneca | August 2, 2017 | Phase 1 |
Hematological cell lines are preferentially sensitive to AZD5991. th> |
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AZD5991 causes tumor regression in AML models.Nat Commun.2018 Dec 17;9(1):5341. td> |
AZD5991 exhibits potent anti-tumor efficacy in MM models.Nat Commun.2018 Dec 17;9(1):5341. td> |