Citronellyl acetate   中文名称: 乙酸香草酯

- 醋酸诱导的扭体实验: 灌胃给予CAT（100和200 mg/kg）能显著减少小鼠的腹部扭体次数。200 mg/kg的剂量产生的镇痛作用可持续至给药后240分钟。该模型中的半数有效剂量（ED₅₀）估计为74.42 mg/kg（95%置信区间：67.65 – 81.88 mg/kg）。[1]
- 福尔马林诱导的舔爪实验: CAT（100和200 mg/kg，灌胃）能显著减少小鼠在福尔马林试验早期（神经源性，0-5分钟）和晚期（炎性，20-25分钟）两个阶段的舔爪时间。[1]
- 谷氨酸诱导的舔爪实验: CAT（100和200 mg/kg，灌胃）能显著抑制小鼠足底注射谷氨酸诱导的伤害性行为（舔爪时间）。[1]
- 辣椒素诱导的伤害性感受实验: CAT（100和200 mg/kg，灌胃）能剂量依赖性地减弱小鼠足底注射辣椒素（TRPV1激动剂）诱导的伤害性行为（舔爪时间）。[1]
- 薄荷醇诱导的伤害性感受实验: CAT（100和200 mg/kg，灌胃）能显著抑制小鼠足底注射薄荷醇（TRPM8激动剂）诱导的伤害性行为。[1]
- 酸化生理盐水诱导的伤害性感受实验: CAT（100和200 mg/kg，灌胃）能显著抑制小鼠足底注射酸化生理盐水（pH 2.04，ASIC激活剂）诱导的伤害性行为。[1]
- PMA诱导的伤害性感受实验: CAT（200 mg/kg，灌胃）能显著减少小鼠足底注射PMA（PKC激活剂）诱导的伤害性行为。[1]
- 8-Br-cAMP诱导的伤害性感受实验: CAT（200 mg/kg，灌胃）能显著减少小鼠足底注射8-Br-cAMP（PKA激活剂）诱导的伤害性行为。[1]
- 肉桂醛诱导的伤害性感受实验: CAT（100和200 mg/kg，灌胃）并未显著改变小鼠足底注射肉桂醛（TRPA1激动剂）诱导的伤害性行为，提示TRPA1不参与其作用机制。[1]
- 作用机制研究（L-精氨酸/NO通路）: 在醋酸扭体实验中，预先给予L-精氨酸并未逆转CAT（200 mg/kg）的镇痛作用，提示L-精氨酸-NO通路不参与。[1]
- 作用机制研究（K_ATP通道）: 在醋酸扭体实验中，预先给予格列本脲（K_ATP通道阻断剂）部分逆转了CAT（200 mg/kg）的镇痛作用，提示K_ATP通道的参与。[1]

- Animals and Housing: Male Swiss mice (4 weeks old, 26-32 g) were used. They were housed in a temperature-controlled room (25 ± 2 °C) with a 12/12 h light/dark cycle and free access to food and water. Animals were fasted for 8 hours before experiments with free access to water. [1]
- Drug Formulation and Administration: Citronellyl acetate is an oily substance. For administration, it was emulsified in a solution of 2% Tween 80 in distilled water using sonic agitation for 5 minutes. The drug was administered intragastrically (by gavage) at doses of 25, 50, 75, 100, and 200 mg/kg. The control group received an equivalent volume of the vehicle (2% Tween 80 in distilled water). [1]
- Acetic Acid-Induced Writhing Test: Mice were pretreated with vehicle, CAT, or indomethacin (positive control, 10 mg/kg, p.o.). After a predetermined time (e.g., 60 minutes for dose-response), 0.6% acetic acid was injected intraperitoneally (10 µL/g body weight). Ten minutes later, the number of writhing episodes (abdominal constriction and hind leg extension) was counted over a 20-minute period. [1]
- Paw Licking Tests (Formalin, Glutamate, etc.): Mice were pretreated with vehicle or CAT. After a set time (30 or 60 minutes), they received a 20 µL intraplantar injection into the right hind paw of one of the following: 1% formalin, glutamate (10 µmol/paw), capsaicin (1.6 µg/paw), menthol (1.2 µmol/paw), cinnamaldehyde (10 µmol/paw), acidified saline (2% acetic acid in saline, pH 2.04), PMA (500 pmol/paw), or 8-Br-cAMP (500 nmol/paw). The duration of paw licking was recorded over specific time windows post-injection (e.g., 0-5 min for formalin early phase, 20-25 min for late phase). [1]
- Locomotor Activity Tests (Open Field and Rotarod): To rule out motor impairment, mice were treated with vehicle or CAT (25-200 mg/kg, p.o.). After 60 minutes, spontaneous locomotor activity was assessed for 5 minutes in an open field arena (number of quadrants crossed). Motor coordination was assessed using a rotarod apparatus (time spent on a rotating rod at 12 rpm, with a maximum of three attempts). [1]

- Acute Behavioral Toxicity: In the rotarod and open field tests, CAT at antinociceptive doses (up to 200 mg/kg, intragastric) did not significantly alter motor coordination or spontaneous locomotor activity in mice 60 minutes after administration, indicating no acute sedative or motor-impairing effects at these doses. [1]

[1]. TRP and ASIC channels mediate the antinociceptive effect of citronellyl acetate. Chem Biol Interact. 2013 May 25;203(3):573-9.

Citronellol acetate is a monoterpenoid that is the acetate ester of citronellol. It has been isolated from Citrus hystrix. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is an acetate ester and a monoterpenoid. It is functionally related to a citronellol.
Citronellyl acetate has been reported in Alpinia latilabris, Alpinia hainanensis, and other organisms with data available.
Citronellyl acetate is a metabolite found in or produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
See also: Java citronella oil (part of).

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- Citronellyl acetate is a monoterpene ester found in plants like Eucalyptus citriodora. It is chemically similar to citronellol and citronellal, which have known biological activities. [1]
- Prior to this study, CAT was known to possess fungicidal, larvicidal, bactericidal, insecticidal, and antitumor (pro-apoptotic in hepatoma cells) activities, but its antinociceptive properties had not been investigated. [1]
- The study concludes that the systemic (intragastric) administration of CAT produces pronounced antinociceptive effects in mouse models of acute pain. Its mechanism involves, at least in part, the modulation of TRPV1, TRPM8, ASIC channels, glutamate receptors, K_ATP channels, and the inhibition of PKC and PKA signaling pathways. TRPA1 channels and the L-arginine-NO pathway do not appear to be involved. [1]

C12H22O2

198.3019

198.161

150-84-5

9017

Colorless to light yellow liquid

0.9±0.1 g/cm3

258.5±19.0 °C at 760 mmHg

88.2±19.9 °C

0.0±0.5 mmHg at 25°C

1.442

4.28

26.3

0

2

7

14

191

0

O(C(C([H])([H])[H])=O)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])/C(/[H])=C(\C([H])([H])[H])/C([H])([H])[H]

JOZKFWLRHCDGJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N

InChI=1S/C12H22O2/c1-10(2)6-5-7-11(3)8-9-14-12(4)13/h6,11H,5,7-9H2,1-4H3

3,7-dimethyloct-6-enyl acetate

2934.99.9001

Powder      -20°C    3 years

                     4°C     2 years

In solvent   -80°C    6 months

                  -20°C    1 month

Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

DMSO : ~100 mg/mL (~504.29 mM)

配方 1 中的溶解度: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (12.61 mM) (饱和度未知) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (这些助溶剂从左到右依次添加，逐一添加), 澄清溶液。
例如，若需制备1 mL的工作液，可将100 μL 25.0 mg/mL澄清DMSO储备液加入到400 μL PEG300中，混匀；然后向上述溶液中加入50 μL Tween-80，混匀；加入450 μL生理盐水定容至1 mL。
*生理盐水的制备：将 0.9 g 氯化钠溶解在 100 mL ddH₂O中，得到澄清溶液。

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配方 2 中的溶解度: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (12.61 mM) (饱和度未知) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (这些助溶剂从左到右依次添加，逐一添加), 澄清溶液。
例如，若需制备1 mL的工作液，可将 100 μL 25.0 mg/mL澄清DMSO储备液加入900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD生理盐水溶液中，混匀。
*20% SBE-β-CD 生理盐水溶液的制备（4°C，1 周）：将 2 g SBE-β-CD 溶解于 10 mL 生理盐水中，得到澄清溶液。

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配方 3 中的溶解度: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (12.61 mM) (饱和度未知) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (这些助溶剂从左到右依次添加，逐一添加), 澄清溶液。
例如，若需制备1 mL的工作液，可将 100 μL 25.0 mg/mL 澄清 DMSO 储备液加入到 900 μL 玉米油中并混合均匀。

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请根据您的实验动物和给药方式选择适当的溶解配方/方案：
1、请先配制澄清的储备液(如：用DMSO配置50 或 100 mg/mL母液(储备液));
2、取适量母液，按从左到右的顺序依次添加助溶剂，澄清后再加入下一助溶剂。以 下列配方为例说明 (注意此配方只用于说明，并不一定代表此产品 的实际溶解配方):
10% DMSO → 40% PEG300 → 5% Tween-80 → 45% ddH2O (或 saline);
假设最终工作液的体积为 1 mL, 浓度为5 mg/mL: 取 100 μL 50 mg/mL 的澄清 DMSO 储备液加到 400 μL PEG300 中，混合均匀/澄清；向上述体系中加入50 μL Tween-80，混合均匀/澄清；然后继续加入450 μL ddH2O (或 saline)定容至 1 mL；
3、溶剂前显示的百分比是指该溶剂在最终溶液/工作液中的体积所占比例;
4、 如产品在配制过程中出现沉淀/析出，可通过加热(≤50℃)或超声的方式助溶;
5、为保证最佳实验结果，工作液请现配现用！
6、如不确定怎么将母液配置成体内动物实验的工作液，请查看说明书或联系我们;
7、 以上所有助溶剂都可在 Invivochem.cn网站购买。