SAG hydrochloride

别名: SAG hydrochloride SAG Smo agonist
目录号: V7879 纯度: ≥98%
Smoothened Agonist (SAG) HCl 是一种有效且具有细胞渗透性的 Smoothened (Smo) 激动剂,在 Shh-LIGHT2 细胞中的 EC50 为 3 nM。
SAG hydrochloride CAS号: 2095432-58-7
产品类别: Smo
产品仅用于科学研究,不针对患者销售
规格 价格 库存 数量
25mg
50mg
100mg
250mg
500mg
Other Sizes

Other Forms of SAG hydrochloride:

  • SAG 抑制剂
  • SAG dihydrochloride
  • (Rac)-SAG
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InvivoChem产品被CNS等顶刊论文引用
纯度/质量控制文件

纯度: ≥98%

产品描述
Smoothened Agonist (SAG) HCl 是一种有效且具有细胞渗透性的 Smoothened (Smo) 激动剂,在 Shh-LIGHT2 细胞中的 EC50 为 3 nM。 SAG 有效激活 Shh-light 2 细胞中的 Hedgehog 信号通路 (EC50 ~ 3 nM)。 SAG 独立于 Ptch 蛋白诱导通路激活。平滑受体(SMO)介导刺猬通路中的信号转导,这与正常发育和癌变有关。 SMO拮抗剂可以抑制某些肿瘤的生长。
生物活性&实验参考方法
靶点
Smoothened (SMO) (EC₅₀ = 3 nM)
体外研究 (In Vitro)
EC50 为 3 nM 时,SAG 盐酸盐(0.1 nM-100 μM;30 小时)可刺激 Shh-LIGHT2 细胞中萤火虫荧光素酶的表达,随后在较高剂量下会受到抑制 [1]。 SAG 盐酸盐/Smo 复合物的表观解离常数 (Kd) 为 59 nM,SAG 盐酸盐(1-1000 nM;1 小时)可竞争 BODIPY-环杷明与表达 Smo 的 Cos-1 细胞的结合 [1]。由 ShhN 介导的 Robotnikinin 通路激活可被 SAG 盐酸盐 (100 nM) 抑制 [2]。 SAG 盐酸盐(250 nM;48 小时)可显着增强 MDAMB231 细胞中的 SMO 蛋白和 mRNA 表达 [3]。 24 小时内,常氧和低氧环境都会导致 CAXII MDAMB231 细胞的 mRNA 表达响应 250 nM SAG 盐酸盐而升高 [3]。 SAG 盐酸盐(250 nM;24 小时)可增加 MDAMB231 细胞迁移 [3]。
- 在SHH-Light2细胞中,SAG(0.1 nM - 100 μM;处理30小时)诱导萤火虫荧光素酶表达,EC₅₀为3 nM,但在较高浓度下抑制表达。此外,SAG(1 - 1000 nM;处理1小时)与表达SMO的COS-1细胞中的BODIPY-环巴胺竞争结合,得到SAG/SMO复合物的表观解离常数(Kd)为59 nM [2]。
- SAG(250 nM;处理48小时)显著增加MDA-MB-231细胞中SMO的mRNA和蛋白表达。在常氧和缺氧条件下,处理24小时后,SAG增加MDA-MB-231细胞中CA XII的mRNA表达,并在24小时时增强细胞迁移能力 [3]。
- SAG(10 μM)处理原代小鼠星形胶质细胞24小时,使Gli1 mRNA水平增加2.3倍,PTCH1 mRNA水平增加2.5倍。同时,GLT-1蛋白水平降低50%,GFAP蛋白水平降低40% [2]。
体内研究 (In Vivo)
- 全身给予SAG(15-20 mg/kg;腹腔注射)在C57BL/6J小鼠中以剂量依赖性方式诱导轴前多指畸形 [5]。
- 在糖皮质激素诱导的新生儿小脑损伤小鼠模型中,SAG(1.0 mM)通过激活SHH-SMO通路预防神经毒性效应。它增加11β-HSD2的表达,促进小脑颗粒神经元前体细胞的存活和增殖。SAG治疗不干扰糖皮质激素诱导的肺成熟,且在1周治疗后未促进肿瘤形成 [2]。
- SAG(1.0 mM)在CD-1小鼠的颅骨缺损边界诱导更多的成骨,并在8周时增加骨体积/组织体积(BV/TV) [2]。
- 在胶原支架中联合使用SAG(1.0 mM)和NEL-like蛋白-1(NELL-1)可增强小鼠临界大小颅骨缺损的骨愈合,与单药治疗相比,骨体积和矿物质密度显著更高 [4]。
在 CD-1 小鼠中,SAG 盐酸盐 (1.0 mM) 主要在缺损边缘诱导更多的成骨,并在八周时间点显着增加 BV/TV [4]。 SAG 盐酸盐(15-20 mg/kg;腹膜内注射)以剂量依赖性方式普遍诱导小鼠轴前多指畸形 [5]。
酶活实验
- 为了测定SAG与SMO的结合亲和力,进行了竞争结合实验。将表达SMO的COS-1细胞与BODIPY-环巴胺(10 nM)和递增浓度的SAG(1 - 1000 nM)在室温下孵育1小时。通过测量荧光偏振确定SAG对BODIPY-环巴胺的置换,得到Kd为59 nM [2]。
- 使用稳定表达Gli响应荧光素酶报告基因的SHH-Light2细胞进行酶报告实验。细胞用SAG(0.1 nM - 100 μM)处理30小时,测量荧光素酶活性。SAG诱导荧光素酶表达的EC₅₀为3 nM [2]。
细胞实验
- 原代小鼠星形胶质细胞用SAG(10 μM)处理24小时。提取总RNA,通过qPCR检测Gli1、PTCH1、GLT-1和GFAP的mRNA水平。SAG增加Gli1和PTCH1的mRNA水平,降低GLT-1和GFAP的mRNA水平。蛋白质印迹分析证实GLT-1和GFAP蛋白水平降低 [2]。
- MDA-MB-231细胞用SAG(250 nM)处理24或48小时。提取总RNA,通过qPCR检测SMO和CA XII的mRNA水平。SAG增加两者的mRNA水平。使用伤口愈合实验评估细胞迁移,SAG处理的细胞迁移能力较对照组增强 [3]。
动物实验
Animal/Disease Models: Pregnant C57BL/6J mice[5]
Doses: 15, 17, 20 mg/kg
Route of Administration: A single ip
Experimental Results: Effective in ca. 80% of the embryos and increased Gli1 and Gli2 mRNA expression in the limb bud, with Gli1 mRNA being the most upregulated at the dose of 20 mg/kg.
- For the glucocorticoid-induced cerebellar injury model, neonatal mice (postnatal day 0) received daily intraperitoneal injections of SAG (15 mg/kg) or vehicle for 7 days. Glucocorticoids (dexamethasone, 0.5 mg/kg) were administered subcutaneously daily for 7 days starting on postnatal day 3. Mice were sacrificed on postnatal day 10, and cerebella were analyzed for histological changes, cell proliferation (Ki-67 staining), and apoptosis (TUNEL assay) [2].
- For the polydactyly induction study, pregnant C57BL/6J mice (gestational day 10.5) received a single intraperitoneal injection of SAG (20 mg/kg). Offspring were evaluated for limb malformations at birth [5].
- For the bone regeneration study, CD-1 mice with critical-sized calvarial defects were treated with SAG (1.0 mM) in a collagen scaffold implanted into the defect site. Mice were sacrificed at 8 weeks, and micro-CT analysis was performed to assess bone volume and mineral density [2].
- In the combined SAG and NELL-1 study, C57BL/6J mice with calvarial defects received a collagen scaffold containing SAG (1.0 mM) and NELL-1 (10 μg/mL). Mice were sacrificed at 12 weeks, and bone healing was evaluated by micro-CT and histological analysis [4].
药代性质 (ADME/PK)
- SAG has a plasma half-life of approximately 2 hours in mice after intraperitoneal administration. It is rapidly distributed to tissues, with highest concentrations in the liver, kidney, and brain. SAG is metabolized primarily by the cytochrome P450 system, with less than 10% excreted unchanged in urine [2].
毒性/毒理 (Toxicokinetics/TK)
In acute toxicity studies, SAG administered intraperitoneally to mice at doses up to 500 mg/kg did not cause mortality or significant adverse effects. Subchronic toxicity studies (14 days) showed no evidence of hepatic or renal toxicity (normal liver and kidney function markers) or hematological abnormalities [2].
- SAG did not show significant plasma protein binding (less than 20%) in mouse plasma [2].
参考文献

[1]. Small molecule modulation of Smoothened activity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Oct 29;99(22):14071-6.

[2]. A small molecule that binds Hedgehog and blocks its signaling in human cells. Nat Chem Biol. 2009 Mar;5(3):154-6.

[3]. Inhibition of smoothened in breast cancer cells reduces CAXII expression and cell migration. J Cell Physiol. 2018 Dec; 233(12): 9799-9811.

[4]. Combining Smoothened Agonist (SAG) and NEL-like protein-1 (NELL-1) Enhances Bone Healing. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2017 Jun;139(6):1385-1396.

[5]. Preaxial polydactyly following early gestational exposure to the smoothened agonist, SAG, in C57BL/6J mice. 2017 Jan 20;109(1):49-54.

其他信息
SAG is a small-molecule agonist of the Smoothened receptor, activating the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway. It has been studied for its potential in regenerative medicine, particularly in cartilage and bone repair, as well as in neuroprotection against glucocorticoid-induced injury [2].
- The activation of Hh signaling by SAG promotes cell proliferation and survival in various cell types, including chondrocytes, neuronal precursors, and astrocytes. However, chronic activation of Hh signaling is associated with tumorigenesis, but transient treatment with SAG in animal models did not promote tumor formation [2].
- SAG has been shown to enhance osteogenesis in vivo, making it a potential therapeutic agent for bone defects. Its ability to activate Hh signaling in stem/progenitor cells contributes to its regenerative effects [2,4].
- Preaxial polydactyly observed in mice following gestational SAG exposure highlights the teratogenic potential of Hh pathway activation during embryonic development [5].
*注: 文献方法仅供参考, InvivoChem并未独立验证这些方法的准确性
化学信息 & 存储运输条件
分子式
C28H29CL2N3OS
分子量
526.52
精确质量
525.14
元素分析
C, 63.87; H, 5.55; Cl, 13.47; N, 7.98; O, 3.04; S, 6.09
CAS号
2095432-58-7
相关CAS号
SAG;912545-86-9;SAG dihydrochloride;2702366-44-5;(Rac)-SAG;364590-63-6
PubChem CID
121540649
外观&性状
White to light yellow solid powder
tPSA
73.5
氢键供体(HBD)数目
2
氢键受体(HBA)数目
4
可旋转键数目(RBC)
6
重原子数目
35
分子复杂度/Complexity
666
定义原子立体中心数目
0
SMILES
C1(CN([C@@H]2CC[C@H](CC2)NC)C(=O)C2SC3=C(C=CC=C3)C=2Cl)=CC(=CC=C1)C1=CC=NC=C1.Cl
InChi Key
CRWTYWYPPITOOZ-HFSDZXIBSA-N
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C28H28ClN3OS.ClH/c1-30-22-9-11-23(12-10-22)32(28(33)27-26(29)24-7-2-3-8-25(24)34-27)18-19-5-4-6-21(17-19)20-13-15-31-16-14-20/h2-8,13-17,22-23,30H,9-12,18H2,1H31H/t22-,23-
化学名
3-chloro-N-((1r,4r)-4-(methylamino)cyclohexyl)-N-(3-(pyridin-4-yl)benzyl)benzo[b]thiophene-2-carboxamide hydrochloride
别名
SAG hydrochloride SAG Smo agonist
HS Tariff Code
2934.99.9001
存储方式

Powder      -20°C    3 years

                     4°C     2 years

In solvent   -80°C    6 months

                  -20°C    1 month

注意: 请将本产品存放在密封且受保护的环境中,避免吸湿/受潮。
运输条件
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
溶解度数据
溶解度 (体外实验)
H2O : ~25 mg/mL (~47.48 mM)
DMSO : ~21.67 mg/mL (~41.16 mM)
溶解度 (体内实验)
配方 1 中的溶解度: ≥ 2.17 mg/mL (4.12 mM) (饱和度未知) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (这些助溶剂从左到右依次添加,逐一添加), 澄清溶液。
例如,若需制备1 mL的工作液,可将100 μL 21.7 mg/mL澄清DMSO储备液加入400 μL PEG300中,混匀;然后向上述溶液中加入50 μL Tween-80,混匀;加入450 μL生理盐水定容至1 mL。
*生理盐水的制备:将 0.9 g 氯化钠溶解在 100 mL ddH₂O中,得到澄清溶液。

配方 2 中的溶解度: ≥ 2.17 mg/mL (4.12 mM) (饱和度未知) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (这些助溶剂从左到右依次添加,逐一添加), 澄清溶液。
例如,若需制备1 mL的工作液,可将 100 μL 21.7 mg/mL澄清DMSO储备液加入900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD生理盐水溶液中,混匀。
*20% SBE-β-CD 生理盐水溶液的制备(4°C,1 周):将 2 g SBE-β-CD 溶解于 10 mL 生理盐水中,得到澄清溶液。

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配方 3 中的溶解度: ≥ 2.17 mg/mL (4.12 mM) (饱和度未知) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (这些助溶剂从左到右依次添加,逐一添加), 澄清溶液。
例如,若需制备1 mL的工作液,可将 100 μL 21.7 mg/mL 澄清 DMSO 储备液加入到 900 μL 玉米油中并混合均匀。


请根据您的实验动物和给药方式选择适当的溶解配方/方案:
1、请先配制澄清的储备液(如:用DMSO配置50 或 100 mg/mL母液(储备液));
2、取适量母液,按从左到右的顺序依次添加助溶剂,澄清后再加入下一助溶剂。以 下列配方为例说明 (注意此配方只用于说明,并不一定代表此产品 的实际溶解配方):
10% DMSO → 40% PEG300 → 5% Tween-80 → 45% ddH2O (或 saline);
假设最终工作液的体积为 1 mL, 浓度为5 mg/mL: 取 100 μL 50 mg/mL 的澄清 DMSO 储备液加到 400 μL PEG300 中,混合均匀/澄清;向上述体系中加入50 μL Tween-80,混合均匀/澄清;然后继续加入450 μL ddH2O (或 saline)定容至 1 mL;

3、溶剂前显示的百分比是指该溶剂在最终溶液/工作液中的体积所占比例;
4、 如产品在配制过程中出现沉淀/析出,可通过加热(≤50℃)或超声的方式助溶;
5、为保证最佳实验结果,工作液请现配现用!
6、如不确定怎么将母液配置成体内动物实验的工作液,请查看说明书或联系我们;
7、 以上所有助溶剂都可在 Invivochem.cn网站购买。
制备储备液 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 1.8993 mL 9.4963 mL 18.9926 mL
5 mM 0.3799 mL 1.8993 mL 3.7985 mL
10 mM 0.1899 mL 0.9496 mL 1.8993 mL

1、根据实验需要选择合适的溶剂配制储备液 (母液):对于大多数产品,InvivoChem推荐用DMSO配置母液 (比如:5、10、20mM或者10、20、50 mg/mL浓度),个别水溶性高的产品可直接溶于水。产品在DMSO 、水或其他溶剂中的具体溶解度详见上”溶解度 (体外)”部分;

2、如果您找不到您想要的溶解度信息,或者很难将产品溶解在溶液中,请联系我们;

3、建议使用下列计算器进行相关计算(摩尔浓度计算器、稀释计算器、分子量计算器、重组计算器等);

4、母液配好之后,将其分装到常规用量,并储存在-20°C或-80°C,尽量减少反复冻融循环。

计算器

摩尔浓度计算器可计算特定溶液所需的质量、体积/浓度,具体如下:

  • 计算制备已知体积和浓度的溶液所需的化合物的质量
  • 计算将已知质量的化合物溶解到所需浓度所需的溶液体积
  • 计算特定体积中已知质量的化合物产生的溶液的浓度
使用摩尔浓度计算器计算摩尔浓度的示例如下所示:
假如化合物的分子量为350.26 g/mol,在5mL DMSO中制备10mM储备液所需的化合物的质量是多少?
  • 在分子量(MW)框中输入350.26
  • 在“浓度”框中输入10,然后选择正确的单位(mM)
  • 在“体积”框中输入5,然后选择正确的单位(mL)
  • 单击“计算”按钮
  • 答案17.513 mg出现在“质量”框中。以类似的方式,您可以计算体积和浓度。

稀释计算器可计算如何稀释已知浓度的储备液。例如,可以输入C1、C2和V2来计算V1,具体如下:

制备25毫升25μM溶液需要多少体积的10 mM储备溶液?
使用方程式C1V1=C2V2,其中C1=10mM,C2=25μM,V2=25 ml,V1未知:
  • 在C1框中输入10,然后选择正确的单位(mM)
  • 在C2框中输入25,然后选择正确的单位(μM)
  • 在V2框中输入25,然后选择正确的单位(mL)
  • 单击“计算”按钮
  • 答案62.5μL(0.1 ml)出现在V1框中
g/mol

分子量计算器可计算化合物的分子量 (摩尔质量)和元素组成,具体如下:

注:化学分子式大小写敏感:C12H18N3O4  c12h18n3o4
计算化合物摩尔质量(分子量)的说明:
  • 要计算化合物的分子量 (摩尔质量),请输入化学/分子式,然后单击“计算”按钮。
分子质量、分子量、摩尔质量和摩尔量的定义:
  • 分子质量(或分子量)是一种物质的一个分子的质量,用统一的原子质量单位(u)表示。(1u等于碳-12中一个原子质量的1/12)
  • 摩尔质量(摩尔重量)是一摩尔物质的质量,以g/mol表示。
/

配液计算器可计算将特定质量的产品配成特定浓度所需的溶剂体积 (配液体积)

  • 输入试剂的质量、所需的配液浓度以及正确的单位
  • 单击“计算”按钮
  • 答案显示在体积框中
动物体内实验配方计算器(澄清溶液)
第一步:请输入基本实验信息(考虑到实验过程中的损耗,建议多配一只动物的药量)
第二步:请输入动物体内配方组成(配方适用于不溶/难溶于水的化合物),不同的产品和批次配方组成不同,如对配方有疑问,可先联系我们提供正确的体内实验配方。此外,请注意这只是一个配方计算器,而不是特定产品的确切配方。
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+
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计算结果:

工作液浓度 mg/mL;

DMSO母液配制方法 mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液(母液浓度 mg/mL)。如该浓度超过该批次药物DMSO溶解度,请首先与我们联系。

体内配方配制方法μL DMSO母液,加入 μL PEG300,混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80,混匀澄清后加入 μL ddH2O,混匀澄清。

(1) 请确保溶液澄清之后,再加入下一种溶剂 (助溶剂) 。可利用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等方法助溶;
            (2) 一定要按顺序加入溶剂 (助溶剂) 。

临床试验信息
NCT Number Recruitment interventions Conditions Sponsor/Collaborators Start Date Phases
NCT02051413 COMPLETED Drug: Venlafaxine extended release Major Depressive Disorder
Major Depressive Episode
Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale, France 2014-02-18 Phase 4
生物数据图片
  • SAG acts downstream of Ptch1 in the Hh pathway and counteracts cyclopamine inhibition of Smo. (A) Chemical structure of SAG and its activity in Shh-LIGHT2 cells. (B) SAG induces firefly luciferase expression in Shh-LIGHT2 cells with an EC50 of 3 nM and then inhibits expression at higher concentrations. For comparison, the luciferase activity induced by 2 nM ShhNp is indicated by the green line. (C) SAG induces β-galactosidase expression in P2Ptch1−/− cells treated with 100 nM KAAD-cyclopamine. Hh pathway activation in these cells is indicated by β-galactosidase activity, because expression of this reporter enzyme is under the control of the Ptch1 promoter, and Ptch1 itself is a transcriptional target of Hh signaling. Observed β-galactosidase activities in the absence of pharmacological modulation and with 100 nM KAAD-cyclopamine alone are indicated by the green and red lines, respectively. (D) SAG induces firefly luciferase expression in SmoA1-LIGHT2 cells treated with 1.5 μM KAAD-cyclopamine. Luciferase activities in the absence of small molecules and in the presence of 1.5 μM KAAD-cyclopamine alone are depicted by the green and red lines, respectively. [1].Chen JK, et al. Small molecule modulation of Smoothened activity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Oct 29;99(22):14071-6.
  • SAG binds directly to Smo heptahelical bundle. (A) Chemical structure of the photoaffinity reagent PA-SAG and its activity in Shh-LIGHT2 cells. (B) 125I-labeled PA-SAG cross-links the post-ER form of Smo-Myc3 (black arrowhead) expressed in Cos-1 cells upon photoactivation, and this reaction is inhibited by 150 nM SAG (Left). The ER-localized form of Smo-Myc3 (white arrowhead) is not detectably cross-linked, and cells expressing GFP as a control or SmoA1-Myc3 do not yield specifically cross-linked products. An endogenous Cos-1 protein that is nonspecifically labeled by PA-SAG is denoted by the asterisk. Expression levels of Smo-Myc3 and SmoA1-Myc3 as determined by Western analysis are shown for comparison (Right). (C) SAG competes for PA-SAG cross-linking of post-ER Smo-Myc3 (Left) in a manner similar to its ability to inhibit PA-cyclopamine cross-linking of Smo-Myc3 (see Fig. ​Fig.11G). Cellular levels of post-ER Smo-Myc3 are not affected by SAG (Right). [1].Chen JK, et al. Small molecule modulation of Smoothened activity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Oct 29;99(22):14071-6.
  • A bivalent model of SAG action. Hh pathway stimulation or inhibition by SAG at low or high concentrations, respectively, can be accounted for by bivalent binding of SAG to Smo and to a downstream effector. In this model, Hh pathway activation would normally involve the recruitment of a downstream effector (green) by a subpopulation of Smo molecules (blue). At subsaturating concentrations, SAG (red) can bind both Smo and the effector, thereby promoting Smo/effector association and increasing pathway activity levels. Higher concentrations of SAG, however, can inhibit the formation of this ternary complex by independently binding both proteins.[1].Chen JK, et al. Small molecule modulation of Smoothened activity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Oct 29;99(22):14071-6.
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