盐酸甲哌卡因通过与神经元细胞膜中特定的电压门控钠通道结合来抑制钠内流和膜去极化。这会导致可逆的感觉丧失以及神经冲动的开始和传导受阻。与其他局部麻醉剂相比，这种药物起效更快，持续时间也较短[2]。与普鲁卡因相比，盐酸甲哌卡因起效更快，中间作用时间更长[3]。盐酸甲哌卡因可优先阻断 Na(v)1.8，且依赖于使用，而 S(-)-布比卡因则优先阻断 TTX Na(+) 通道 [4]。

Effects During Pregnancy and Lactation
◉ Overview of Medication Use During Lactation
There is currently no information regarding the use of mepivacaine during lactation. Given the low levels of other local anesthetics in breast milk, a single dose of mepivacaine during lactation is unlikely to have adverse effects on breastfed infants. However, other medications may be preferred, especially when breastfeeding newborns or preterm infants.
Mepivacaine administered to mothers as a local anesthetic during labor has been reported to affect initial breastfeeding behavior in some infants, but not weight gain in the first 5 days postpartum. Although research on mepivacaine is limited, it appears that with good breastfeeding support, epidural local anesthetics, whether or not combined with fentanyl or its derivatives, have little or no adverse effects on breastfeeding success. Labor analgesia may delay the onset of lactation. More research is needed to clarify the impact of mepivacaine use during labor on breastfeeding outcomes.
◉ Effects on Breastfed Infants
As of the revision date, no relevant published information was found.
◉ Effects on Lactation and Breast Milk
A study compared the effects of epidural analgesia using mepivacaine, bupivacaine, and lidocaine during normal labor. The results showed no difference in weight change among the three groups of breastfed infants in the first five days postpartum. Overall weight gain was within the normal range in all groups.
Of the six infants who received mepivacaine pudendal nerve block within one hour before delivery, four started breastfeeding later and had fewer initial milk volumes than 10 infants who did not receive anesthesia during delivery. The long-term consequences of these differences have not been reported.
A national survey of women and their infants from late pregnancy to 12 months postpartum compared the time to lactroogenesis II in mothers who received and did not receive analgesia during labor. Drug categories included: spinal or epidural anesthesia alone, spinal or epidural anesthesia combined with other drugs, and other analgesics alone. Women who received any type of labor analgesia were approximately twice as likely to experience a delay in the second stage of lactation (>72 hours) compared to women who did not receive labor analgesia.

[1]. ECMO for Cardiac Rescue after Accidental Intravenous Mepivacaine Application. Case Rep Pediatr. 2012;2012:491692.

[2]. mepivacaine hydrochloride.

[3]. Pharmacokinetics of the enantiomers of mepivacaine after intravenous administration of the racemate in volunteers. Anesth Analg, 1997. 84(1): p. 85-9.

[4]. Leffler, A., J. Reckzeh, and C. Nau, Block of sensory neuronal Na+ channels by the secreolytic ambroxol is associated with an interaction with local anesthetic binding sites. Eur J Pharmacol, 2010. 630(1-3): p. 19-28.

Mepivacaine hydrochloride is the hydrochloride salt of mepivacaine and is used as a local anesthetic. It is a piperidine carboxamide compound with local anesthetic effects. Its function is related to that of mepivacaine. Mepivacaine hydrochloride is the hydrochloride form of mepivacaine, an amide derivative with local anesthetic properties. At the injection site, mepivacaine hydrochloride acts by binding to specific sodium ion channels on the neuronal cell membrane, thereby inhibiting sodium ion influx. This leads to nerve impulse conduction blockade, ultimately resulting in loss of sensation. Mepivacaine is a local anesthetic with a chemical structure related to bupivacaine but pharmacologically related to lidocaine. It is suitable for infiltration anesthesia, nerve blocks, and epidural anesthesia. Mepivacaine is only effective when used locally in large doses and therefore should not be used via this route. (Excerpt from AMA Drug Evaluation, 1994, p. 168) See also: mepivacaine (with active fraction); levonorepinephrine; mepivacaine hydrochloride (component).

C15H23CLN2O

282.8089

282.149

1722-62-9

(+)-Mepivacaine;24358-84-7;Mepivacaine;96-88-8

66070

White to off-white solid powder

383.1ºC at 760 mmHg

255-257ºC (dec.)

185.5ºC

4.52E-06mmHg at 25°C

3.539

32.34

2

2

2

19

282

0

RETIMRUQNCDCQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N

InChI=1S/C15H22N2O.ClH/c1-11-7-6-8-12(2)14(11)16-15(18)13-9-4-5-10-17(13)3;/h6-8,13H,4-5,9-10H2,1-3H3,(H,16,18);1H

N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-1-methylpiperidine-2-carboxamide;hydrochloride

2934.99.9001

Powder      -20°C    3 years

                     4°C     2 years

In solvent   -80°C    6 months

                  -20°C    1 month

注意： 请将本产品存放在密封且受保护的环境中（例如氮气保护），避免吸湿/受潮和光照。

Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

H2O : ~100 mg/mL (~353.59 mM)

配方 1 中的溶解度: 100 mg/mL (353.59 mM) in PBS (这些助溶剂从左到右依次添加，逐一添加), 澄清溶液; 超声助溶。

---

请根据您的实验动物和给药方式选择适当的溶解配方/方案：
1、请先配制澄清的储备液(如：用DMSO配置50 或 100 mg/mL母液(储备液));
2、取适量母液，按从左到右的顺序依次添加助溶剂，澄清后再加入下一助溶剂。以 下列配方为例说明 (注意此配方只用于说明，并不一定代表此产品 的实际溶解配方):
10% DMSO → 40% PEG300 → 5% Tween-80 → 45% ddH2O (或 saline);
假设最终工作液的体积为 1 mL, 浓度为5 mg/mL: 取 100 μL 50 mg/mL 的澄清 DMSO 储备液加到 400 μL PEG300 中，混合均匀/澄清；向上述体系中加入50 μL Tween-80，混合均匀/澄清；然后继续加入450 μL ddH2O (或 saline)定容至 1 mL；
3、溶剂前显示的百分比是指该溶剂在最终溶液/工作液中的体积所占比例;
4、 如产品在配制过程中出现沉淀/析出，可通过加热(≤50℃)或超声的方式助溶;
5、为保证最佳实验结果，工作液请现配现用！
6、如不确定怎么将母液配置成体内动物实验的工作液，请查看说明书或联系我们;
7、 以上所有助溶剂都可在 Invivochem.cn网站购买。