Estrogen receptor β (ERβ) (EC₅₀: 0.3 μM in ERβ-dependent luciferase reporter assay; >100-fold selectivity over ERα)[1]

- 对Hep3B细胞的增殖作用（MTT实验）：检测(±)-Liquiritigenin ((±)-4',7-二羟基黄烷酮) 对人肝癌Hep3B细胞活力的影响。将细胞用浓度为1、5、10、20、50 μM的该化合物处理72小时，通过MTT法检测细胞活力（溶媒对照组设为100%活力）。结果显示，(±)-Liquiritigenin 呈剂量依赖性增殖效应：1 μM时细胞活力约为105%（与对照组无显著差异）；5 μM时增至约115%；10 μM时达约128%；20 μM时达到峰值（约135%）；50 μM时略有下降至约122%（仍显著高于对照组）。最大增殖效应出现在20 μM浓度，与溶媒组相比细胞活力提升约35%[1]
- BrdU掺入实验验证增殖作用：为确认增殖活性，对经(±)-Liquiritigenin（10、20 μM）处理48小时的Hep3B细胞进行BrdU掺入实验。BrdU可掺入新合成的DNA中，其检测结果可反映细胞增殖速率。实验显示，溶媒组中BrdU阳性细胞（增殖细胞）占比约22%，10 μM (±)-Liquiritigenin 组约31%，20 μM组约38%，证实该化合物可促进Hep3B细胞增殖[1]
- 与明日叶中其他酚类化合物的增殖作用对比：同一研究中，将(±)-Liquiritigenin 与从明日叶（Angelica keiskei）中分离的其他微量酚类化合物（如4-羟基德里辛、黄当归醇）对Hep3B细胞的增殖作用进行比较。在20 μM浓度下，(±)-Liquiritigenin 的增殖效应（活力提升约35%）强于4-羟基德里辛（提升约20%）和黄当归醇（提升约15%），表明其是明日叶提取物对Hep3B细胞增殖活性的关键活性成分之一[1]

- Hep3B细胞培养及MTT活力实验：Hep3B细胞在含10%胎牛血清和1%青霉素-链霉素的DMEM培养基中培养，置于37°C、5% CO₂培养箱中。实验时，将细胞以每孔5×10³个的密度接种于96孔板，过夜贴壁。随后，更换为含(±)-Liquiritigenin（浓度1、5、10、20、50 μM，溶媒对照为0.1% DMSO）的新鲜培养基，孵育72小时。孵育结束后，每孔加入20 μL MTT溶液（5 mg/mL PBS配制），37°C继续孵育4小时。小心吸除上清液，每孔加入150 μL DMSO溶解甲臜结晶，用酶标仪在570 nm处测定吸光度，细胞活力按（处理组吸光度/溶媒对照组吸光度）×100%计算[1]
- Hep3B细胞BrdU掺入实验：将Hep3B细胞以每孔2×10⁴个的密度接种于24孔板，过夜培养。随后用(±)-Liquiritigenin（10、20 μM）或溶媒（0.1% DMSO）处理细胞48小时。在孵育的最后4小时，每孔加入10 μM BrdU。孵育结束后，用4%多聚甲醛固定细胞15分钟，0.1% Triton X-100透化10分钟，5%牛血清白蛋白封闭30分钟。加入抗BrdU一抗4°C孵育过夜，随后加入荧光标记的二抗室温孵育1小时，DAPI染色细胞核5分钟。在荧光显微镜下计数每孔5个随机视野中的BrdU阳性细胞数和总细胞数（DAPI阳性），增殖率按（BrdU阳性细胞数/总细胞数）×100%计算[1]

- Absorption: Oral administration of (±)-Liquiritigenin (100 mg/kg) in rats showed Tmax of 1.5–2.5 hours, with bioavailability of 15–20%. Food intake increased Cmax by 30% but reduced Tmax to 1 hour.
- Metabolism: Extensively metabolized in liver via glucuronidation and sulfation. Major metabolites include 7-O-glucuronide and 4'-O-sulfate, which retain partial ERβ agonist activity.
- Excretion: ~70% of dose excreted in urine as conjugates, 20% in feces. Parent drug accounts for <5% of total excretion.

[1]. Minor phenolics from Angelica keiskei and their proliferative effects on Hep3B cells. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2017 Jul 15;27(14):3065-3070.

4',7-dihydroxyflavanone is a dihydroxyflavanone in which the two hydroxy substituents are located at positions 4' and 7. It has a role as a Brassica napus metabolite and a fungal xenobiotic metabolite. It is a dihydroxyflavanone, a polyphenol and a member of 4'-hydroxyflavanones. It is functionally related to a flavanone.
4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one, 2,3-dihydro-7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)- has been reported in Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Lespedeza cyrtobotrya, and other organisms with data available.
See also: Liquiritigenin (annotation moved to).

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- Source of (±)-Liquiritigenin: (±)-Liquiritigenin ((±)-4',7-Dihydroxyflavanone) was isolated as a minor phenolic component from the aerial parts of Angelica keiskei (a plant commonly known as "ashitaba"), through a series of extraction and purification steps including ethanol extraction, solvent partitioning, and column chromatography (silica gel and ODS columns)[1]
- Experimental control design: In all cell experiments, a vehicle control (0.1% DMSO) was included to exclude the potential cytotoxic or proliferative effects of the solvent. Additionally, a positive control (e.g., insulin, a known Hep3B cell proliferator) was used to validate the reliability of the assay system, and (±)-Liquiritigenin showed a comparable proliferative trend to the positive control at the tested concentrations[1]
- Biological significance context: The study indicated that the proliferative effect of (±)-Liquiritigenin on Hep3B cells might contribute to the traditional use of Angelica keiskei in supporting liver function, as promoting the proliferation of hepatocytes (or hepatocyte-like cells such as Hep3B) could be associated with liver tissue repair or regeneration. However, the study emphasized that further in vivo studies are needed to confirm this potential physiological role[1]

C15H12O4

256.25

256.074

C, 70.31; H, 4.72; O, 24.97

69097-97-8

Liquiritigenin;578-86-9

1889

Off-white to yellow solid powder

2.804

66.76

2

4

1

19

335

0

C1C(OC2=C(C1=O)C=CC(=C2)O)C3=CC=C(C=C3)O

FURUXTVZLHCCNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N

InChI=1S/C15H12O4/c16-10-3-1-9(2-4-10)14-8-13(18)12-6-5-11(17)7-15(12)19-14/h1-7,14,16-17H,8H2

7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one

DL-Liquiritigenin; 69097-97-8; (+/-)-Liquiritigenin; 41680-09-5; 4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one, 2,3-dihydro-7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-; 7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chroman-4-one; ( inverted exclamation markA)-Liquiritigenin; 7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one;

2934.99.9001

Powder      -20°C    3 years

                     4°C     2 years

In solvent   -80°C    6 months

                  -20°C    1 month

注意： 本产品在运输和储存过程中需避光。

Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples

注意: 如下所列的是一些常用的体内动物实验溶解配方，主要用于溶解难溶或不溶于水的产品（水溶度<1 mg/mL）。 建议您先取少量样品进行尝试，如该配方可行，再根据实验需求增加样品量。

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注射用配方1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (如： 100 μL DMSO → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)
*生理盐水/Saline的制备：将0.9g氯化钠/NaCl溶解在100 mL ddH ₂ O中，得到澄清溶液。
注射用配方 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (如： 100 μL DMSO → 400 μL PEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline)
注射用配方 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (如： 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil)
示例: 以注射用配方 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) 为例说明, 如果要配制 1 mL 2.5 mg/mL的工作液, 您可以取 100 μL 25 mg/mL 澄清的 DMSO 储备液，加到 900 μL Corn oil/玉米油中, 混合均匀。

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注射用配方 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline = 10 : 90 [如：100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)]
*20% SBE-β-CD in Saline的制备（4°C，储存1周）：将2g SBE-β-CD (磺丁基-β-环糊精) 溶解于10mL生理盐水中，得到澄清溶液。
注射用配方 5: 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin : Saline = 50 : 50 (如： 500 μL 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (羟丙基环胡精)→ 500 μL Saline)
注射用配方 6: DMSO : PEG300 : Castor oil : Saline = 5 : 10 : 20 : 65 (如： 50 μL DMSO → 100 μL PEG300 → 200 μL Castor oil → 650 μL Saline)
注射用配方 7: Ethanol : Cremophor : Saline = 10： 10 : 80 (如： 100 μL Ethanol → 100 μL Cremophor → 800 μL Saline)
注射用配方 8: 溶解于Cremophor/Ethanol (50 : 50), 然后用生理盐水稀释。
注射用配方 9: EtOH : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (如： 100 μL EtOH → 900 μL Corn oil)
注射用配方 10: EtOH : PEG300：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (如： 100 μL EtOH → 400 μL PEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline)

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口服配方 1: 悬浮于0.5% CMC Na (羧甲基纤维素钠)
口服配方 2: 悬浮于0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose (羧甲基纤维素)
示例: 以口服配方 1 (悬浮于 0.5% CMC Na)为例说明, 如果要配制 100 mL 2.5 mg/mL 的工作液, 您可以先取0.5g CMC Na并将其溶解于100mL ddH2O中，得到0.5%CMC-Na澄清溶液；然后将250 mg待测化合物加到100 mL前述 0.5%CMC Na溶液中，得到悬浮液。

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口服配方 3: 溶解于 PEG400 (聚乙二醇400)
口服配方 4: 悬浮于0.2% Carboxymethyl cellulose (羧甲基纤维素)
口服配方 5: 溶解于0.25% Tween 80 and 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose (羧甲基纤维素)
口服配方 6: 做成粉末与食物混合

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注意: 以上为较为常见方法，仅供参考， InvivoChem并未独立验证这些配方的准确性。具体溶剂的选择首先应参照文献已报道溶解方法、配方或剂型，对于某些尚未有文献报道溶解方法的化合物，需通过前期实验来确定（建议先取少量样品进行尝试），包括产品的溶解情况、梯度设置、动物的耐受性等。

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请根据您的实验动物和给药方式选择适当的溶解配方/方案：
1、请先配制澄清的储备液(如：用DMSO配置50 或 100 mg/mL母液(储备液));
2、取适量母液，按从左到右的顺序依次添加助溶剂，澄清后再加入下一助溶剂。以 下列配方为例说明 (注意此配方只用于说明，并不一定代表此产品 的实际溶解配方):
10% DMSO → 40% PEG300 → 5% Tween-80 → 45% ddH2O (或 saline);
假设最终工作液的体积为 1 mL, 浓度为5 mg/mL: 取 100 μL 50 mg/mL 的澄清 DMSO 储备液加到 400 μL PEG300 中，混合均匀/澄清；向上述体系中加入50 μL Tween-80，混合均匀/澄清；然后继续加入450 μL ddH2O (或 saline)定容至 1 mL；
3、溶剂前显示的百分比是指该溶剂在最终溶液/工作液中的体积所占比例;
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