Castor Oil

别名: CCRIS 4596; NCI-C55163; Castor Oil 蓖麻油;篦麻油;蓖麻(RICINUS COMMUNIS)籽油;蓖油;麻油;菎痲油;蓖麻油; CASTOR OIL;蓖麻油(药用);油;Castor oil; 蓖麻油;蓖麻油,0;蓖麻油,AR;蓖麻油,CP;精炼一级蓖麻油;冷榨蓖麻油;胖大海提取物;基础油;USP级;蓖麻油;Castor oil,CP;蓖麻油;Castor oil,USP级;蓖麻籽油;水溶性蓖麻油;精炼蓖麻油
目录号: V17613 纯度: ≥98%
蓖麻油是一种天然存在的甘油三酯和溶剂。
Castor Oil CAS号: 8001-79-4
产品类别: New1
产品仅用于科学研究,不针对患者销售
规格 价格
500mg
1g
Other Sizes
点击了解更多
  • 与全球5000+客户建立关系
  • 覆盖全球主要大学、医院、科研院所、生物/制药公司等
  • 产品被大量CNS顶刊文章引用
InvivoChem产品被CNS等顶刊论文引用
产品描述
蓖麻油是一种天然存在的甘油三酯和溶剂。蓖麻油具有通便作用,可以引产孕妇。蓖麻油可用作聚合物-纳米粒子复合材料形成中的溶剂、助溶剂、稳定剂和多元醇。
生物活性&实验参考方法
体外研究 (In Vitro)
植物油蓖麻油 (CO) 不可食用,但广泛用作涂料、粘合剂、润滑剂、生物燃料、化妆品和可生物降解聚合物的生物资源材料。由于其适应性强的化学特性,蓖麻油被用于生物精炼、药物和医学[1]。
体内研究 (In Vivo)
蓖麻油等天然甘油三酯具有通便作用,可以帮助孕妇分娩。给予蓖麻油的野生型小鼠会在给予蓖麻油后半小时左右开始严重腹泻。通便作用的持续时间大约为两个小时[2]。
药代性质 (ADME/PK)
Absorption, Distribution and Excretion
... Some absorption of its intestinal metabolites occurs before the intestine is cleared.
Ricinoleate, like other anionic surfactants, reduces net absorption of fluid and electrolytes and stimulates intestinal peristalsis. Ricinoleic acid also is absorbed and metabolized like other fatty acids.
Two rabbits (weight = 3 kg) were fed 6% castor oil in the diet for 18 days; fecal collection occurred during the last ten days. The utilization (uncorrected for metabolic fat) of castor oil was 92.1%, which /was/ considered to be efficient utilization. For both rabbits, the percentage of fat in the feces was 2.2%.
Adult rats (number, weights, and strain not stated) received a diet containing 48.4% castor oil for 4 to 6 weeks. Control rats received stock ration only. Feces were collected from three rats on the castor oil diet. At the end of the feeding period, excised organs/tissues were ground thoroughly and samples of phospholipid fatty acids were obtained from the liver, small intestine, and muscle; glyceride fatty acids were obtained from the liver and fat depots. There was no evidence of catharsis in any of the animals. Average percentages of Ricinoleic Acid in the phospholipid fatty acids were as follows: liver (test: 1.3 +/- 0.6% [9 analyses]; controls: 1.7 +/- 1.1% [7 analyses]), small intestine (test: 4.9 +/- 1.7% [8 analyses]; controls: 6.0 +/- 4.4% [4 analyses]), and skeletal muscle (test: 3.6 +/- 2.9% [8 analyses]; controls: 4.0 +/- 1.7% [7 analyses]). The following values are average percentages of Ricinoleic Acid in glycerides and cholesterol esters: fat depots (test: 6.8 +/- 4.2% [11 analyses]; controls: 0.5 +/- 0.5% [7 analyses]) and liver (test: 7.2 +/- 2.4% [8 analyses]; controls: 5.6 +/- 4.1% [5 analyses]). /It was/ concluded that the feeding of castor oil did not lead to the appearance of significant amounts of Ricinoleic Acid in phospholipids of the small intestine, liver, and skeletal muscle, nor in glycerides of the liver. Additionally, they concluded that ricinoleic acid is a component acid of the glycerides in the fat depots, comprising 7% of the total fatty acids. The fatty acids excreted by each of three rats amounted to 2.1%, 2.2%, and 3.6% of those ingested. Total body fat in these three animals was also determined, and it was calculated that 1% to 2% of absorbed Ricinoleic Acid was deposited in the fat depots. /It was/ concluded that Ricinoleic Acid was rapidly metabolized.
For more Absorption, Distribution and Excretion (Complete) data for Castor oil (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.
Metabolism / Metabolites
Castor Oil is a triglyceride that is hydrolyzed in the small intestine in humans by pancreatic enzymes, leading to the release of glycerol and Ricinoleic Acid.
Within the small intestine, ... pancreatic lipases hydrolyze the oil to glycerol and ricinoleic acid. Ricinoleate, like other anionic surfactants, reduces net absorption of fluid and electrolytes and stimulates intestinal peristalsis. Ricinoleic acid also is absorbed and metabolized like other fatty acids.
Castor oil was administered intragastrically to germ-free and conventional rats (number not stated). Urine was collected at intervals over a 24-hr period. The following epoxydicarboxylic acids were detected in the urine of both germ-free and conventional rats: 3,6-epoxyoctanedioic acid; 3,6-epoxydecanedioic acid; and 3,6- epoxydodecanedioic acid. These acids were not detected in urine collected from the rats prior to dosing with castor oil, and they also were not detected in steam-sterilized castor oil. Results for the germ-free rat indicate that the cyclization of Ricinoleic Acid (hydroxy fatty acid in castor oil) to form an epoxy compound occurs endogenously and does not require the presence of intestinal bacteria.
Castor oil (10 to 15 mL) /was administered/ orally to three healthy subjects. Urine was collected between 2 and 8 hr post dosing. The following three epoxydicarboxylic acids were excreted in the urine: 3,6-epoxyoctanedioic acid; 3,6-epoxydecanedioic acid; and 3,6-epoxydodecanedioic acid.
毒性/毒理 (Toxicokinetics/TK)
Effects During Pregnancy and Lactation
◉ Summary of Use during Lactation
Castor (Ricinus communis) beans contain triglycerides, mostly consisting of ricinoleic acid esters, and small amounts of the toxic ricin and ricine. Pressing of the beans produces castor oil and purification of the oil eliminates the ricin and ricine. Castor oil is a strong stimulant laxative. Castor beans as well as a homeopathic preparation of castor purportedly reduce milk flow, but it is also reportedly used as a galactogogue. A poultice of castor leaves is a purported galactogogue. In some parts of India, castor oil is also reportedly applied to the breasts to stimulate lactation. No scientifically valid clinical trials support any of these uses and some preparations may be toxic to the infant. Galactogogues should never replace evaluation and counseling on modifiable factors that affect milk production. No data exist on the excretion of any components of the castor plant or castor oil into breastmilk or on their safety and efficacy in nursing mothers or infants. However, little of the active ricinoleic acid is thought to be absorbed from the intestine. Because of a lack of information, other cathartics may be preferred in nursing mothers.
In traditional Indian culture, castor oil has been administered to newborn infants during the first 2 to 3 days of life, often resulting in adverse effects. Administration of castor oil to newborns is dangerous and should be avoided.
Dietary supplements do not require extensive pre-marketing approval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Manufacturers are responsible to ensure the safety, but do not need to prove the safety and effectiveness of dietary supplements before they are marketed. Dietary supplements may contain multiple ingredients, and differences are often found between labeled and actual ingredients or their amounts. A manufacturer may contract with an independent organization to verify the quality of a product or its ingredients, but that does not certify the safety or effectiveness of a product. Because of the above issues, clinical testing results on one product may not be applicable to other products. More detailed information about dietary supplements is available elsewhere on the LactMed Web site.
◉ Effects in Breastfed Infants
In rural India, castor oil has been traditionally given to infants during the first 2 to 3 days of life to clear the intestine of meconium. This practice can result in paralytic ileus and aspiration pneumonia. Severe hypoalbuminemia was also reported in a 1.5-month-old infant whose grandmother gave him castor oil daily from the fifth day of life, resulting in diarrhea and malnutrition.
◉ Effects on Lactation and Breastmilk
Relevant published information was not found as of the revision date.
参考文献

[1]. Castor oil: a suitable green source of capping agent for nanoparticle syntheses and facile surface functionalization. R Soc Open Sci. 2018 Aug 15;5(8):180824.

[2]. Castor oil induces laxation and uterus contraction via ricinoleic acid activating prostaglandin EP3 receptors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Jun 5;109(23):9179-84.

其他信息
Castor oil appears as pale-yellow or almost colorless transparent viscous liquid with a faint mild odor and nauseating taste. Density 0.95 g / cm3. A mixture of glycerides, chiefly ricinolein (the glyceride of ricinoleic acid).
Oil obtained from seeds of Ricinus communis that is used as a cathartic and as a plasticizer.
See also: Castor Oil (annotation moved to).
Mechanism of Action
Castor oil has been classified as a stimulant because lipolysis in small intestine liberates ricinoleic acid ... /which/ stimulates smooth muscle and inhibits the absorption of water and electrolytes resulting in fluid accumulation in vitro, but it is not known whether these changes affect fluid movement or...laxative effect in vivo.
In a study involving male Crl:CD BR rats, the findings suggested that castor oil-induced diarrhea is the result of activation of NK1 and NK2 receptors by endogenous tachykinins.
*注: 文献方法仅供参考, InvivoChem并未独立验证这些方法的准确性
化学信息 & 存储运输条件
分子式
C57H104O9
分子量
933.45
精确质量
932.768
CAS号
8001-79-4
PubChem CID
14030006
外观&性状
Colorless to light yellow liquid
密度
1.0±0.1 g/cm3
沸点
879.2±65.0 °C at 760 mmHg
熔点
-12ºC
闪点
224.1±27.8 °C
蒸汽压
0.0±0.6 mmHg at 25°C
折射率
1.490
LogP
17.72
tPSA
139.59
氢键供体(HBD)数目
3
氢键受体(HBA)数目
9
可旋转键数目(RBC)
53
重原子数目
66
分子复杂度/Complexity
1110
定义原子立体中心数目
0
SMILES
O([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])/C(/[H])=C(/[H])\C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(=O)OC([H])(C([H])([H])OC(C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])/C(/[H])=C(/[H])\C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H])O[H])=O)C([H])([H])OC(C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])/C(/[H])=C(/[H])\C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H])O[H])=O)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H]
InChi Key
ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-AAKVHIHISA-N
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C57H104O9/c1-4-7-10-31-40-51(58)43-34-25-19-13-16-22-28-37-46-55(61)64-49-54(66-57(63)48-39-30-24-18-15-21-27-36-45-53(60)42-33-12-9-6-3)50-65-56(62)47-38-29-23-17-14-20-26-35-44-52(59)41-32-11-8-5-2/h25-27,34-36,51-54,58-60H,4-24,28-33,37-50H2,1-3H3/b34-25-,35-26-,36-27-
化学名
2,3-bis[[(Z)-12-hydroxyoctadec-9-enoyl]oxy]propyl (Z)-12-hydroxyoctadec-9-enoate
别名
CCRIS 4596; NCI-C55163; Castor Oil
HS Tariff Code
2934.99.9001
存储方式

Powder      -20°C    3 years

                     4°C     2 years

In solvent   -80°C    6 months

                  -20°C    1 month

运输条件
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
溶解度数据
溶解度 (体外实验)
Ethanol : ~4.55 mg/mL (~50.61 mM)
溶解度 (体内实验)
注意: 如下所列的是一些常用的体内动物实验溶解配方,主要用于溶解难溶或不溶于水的产品(水溶度<1 mg/mL)。 建议您先取少量样品进行尝试,如该配方可行,再根据实验需求增加样品量。

注射用配方
(IP/IV/IM/SC等)
注射用配方1: DMSO : Tween 80: Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (如: 100 μL DMSO 50 μL Tween 80 850 μL Saline)
*生理盐水/Saline的制备:将0.9g氯化钠/NaCl溶解在100 mL ddH ₂ O中,得到澄清溶液。
注射用配方 2: DMSO : PEG300Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (如: 100 μL DMSO 400 μL PEG300 50 μL Tween 80 450 μL Saline)
注射用配方 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (如: 100 μL DMSO 900 μL Corn oil)
示例: 注射用配方 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) 为例说明, 如果要配制 1 mL 2.5 mg/mL的工作液, 您可以取 100 μL 25 mg/mL 澄清的 DMSO 储备液,加到 900 μL Corn oil/玉米油中, 混合均匀。
View More

注射用配方 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline = 10 : 90 [如:100 μL DMSO 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)]
*20% SBE-β-CD in Saline的制备(4°C,储存1周):将2g SBE-β-CD (磺丁基-β-环糊精) 溶解于10mL生理盐水中,得到澄清溶液。
注射用配方 5: 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin : Saline = 50 : 50 (如: 500 μL 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (羟丙基环胡精) 500 μL Saline)
注射用配方 6: DMSO : PEG300 : Castor oil : Saline = 5 : 10 : 20 : 65 (如: 50 μL DMSO 100 μL PEG300 200 μL Castor oil 650 μL Saline)
注射用配方 7: Ethanol : Cremophor : Saline = 10: 10 : 80 (如: 100 μL Ethanol 100 μL Cremophor 800 μL Saline)
注射用配方 8: 溶解于Cremophor/Ethanol (50 : 50), 然后用生理盐水稀释。
注射用配方 9: EtOH : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (如: 100 μL EtOH 900 μL Corn oil)
注射用配方 10: EtOH : PEG300Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (如: 100 μL EtOH 400 μL PEG300 50 μL Tween 80 450 μL Saline)


口服配方
口服配方 1: 悬浮于0.5% CMC Na (羧甲基纤维素钠)
口服配方 2: 悬浮于0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose (羧甲基纤维素)
示例: 口服配方 1 (悬浮于 0.5% CMC Na)为例说明, 如果要配制 100 mL 2.5 mg/mL 的工作液, 您可以先取0.5g CMC Na并将其溶解于100mL ddH2O中,得到0.5%CMC-Na澄清溶液;然后将250 mg待测化合物加到100 mL前述 0.5%CMC Na溶液中,得到悬浮液。
View More

口服配方 3: 溶解于 PEG400 (聚乙二醇400)
口服配方 4: 悬浮于0.2% Carboxymethyl cellulose (羧甲基纤维素)
口服配方 5: 溶解于0.25% Tween 80 and 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose (羧甲基纤维素)
口服配方 6: 做成粉末与食物混合


注意: 以上为较为常见方法,仅供参考, InvivoChem并未独立验证这些配方的准确性。具体溶剂的选择首先应参照文献已报道溶解方法、配方或剂型,对于某些尚未有文献报道溶解方法的化合物,需通过前期实验来确定(建议先取少量样品进行尝试),包括产品的溶解情况、梯度设置、动物的耐受性等。

请根据您的实验动物和给药方式选择适当的溶解配方/方案:
1、请先配制澄清的储备液(如:用DMSO配置50 或 100 mg/mL母液(储备液));
2、取适量母液,按从左到右的顺序依次添加助溶剂,澄清后再加入下一助溶剂。以 下列配方为例说明 (注意此配方只用于说明,并不一定代表此产品 的实际溶解配方):
10% DMSO → 40% PEG300 → 5% Tween-80 → 45% ddH2O (或 saline);
假设最终工作液的体积为 1 mL, 浓度为5 mg/mL: 取 100 μL 50 mg/mL 的澄清 DMSO 储备液加到 400 μL PEG300 中,混合均匀/澄清;向上述体系中加入50 μL Tween-80,混合均匀/澄清;然后继续加入450 μL ddH2O (或 saline)定容至 1 mL;

3、溶剂前显示的百分比是指该溶剂在最终溶液/工作液中的体积所占比例;
4、 如产品在配制过程中出现沉淀/析出,可通过加热(≤50℃)或超声的方式助溶;
5、为保证最佳实验结果,工作液请现配现用!
6、如不确定怎么将母液配置成体内动物实验的工作液,请查看说明书或联系我们;
7、 以上所有助溶剂都可在 Invivochem.cn网站购买。
制备储备液 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 1.0713 mL 5.3565 mL 10.7129 mL
5 mM 0.2143 mL 1.0713 mL 2.1426 mL
10 mM 0.1071 mL 0.5356 mL 1.0713 mL

1、根据实验需要选择合适的溶剂配制储备液 (母液):对于大多数产品,InvivoChem推荐用DMSO配置母液 (比如:5、10、20mM或者10、20、50 mg/mL浓度),个别水溶性高的产品可直接溶于水。产品在DMSO 、水或其他溶剂中的具体溶解度详见上”溶解度 (体外)”部分;

2、如果您找不到您想要的溶解度信息,或者很难将产品溶解在溶液中,请联系我们;

3、建议使用下列计算器进行相关计算(摩尔浓度计算器、稀释计算器、分子量计算器、重组计算器等);

4、母液配好之后,将其分装到常规用量,并储存在-20°C或-80°C,尽量减少反复冻融循环。

计算器

摩尔浓度计算器可计算特定溶液所需的质量、体积/浓度,具体如下:

  • 计算制备已知体积和浓度的溶液所需的化合物的质量
  • 计算将已知质量的化合物溶解到所需浓度所需的溶液体积
  • 计算特定体积中已知质量的化合物产生的溶液的浓度
使用摩尔浓度计算器计算摩尔浓度的示例如下所示:
假如化合物的分子量为350.26 g/mol,在5mL DMSO中制备10mM储备液所需的化合物的质量是多少?
  • 在分子量(MW)框中输入350.26
  • 在“浓度”框中输入10,然后选择正确的单位(mM)
  • 在“体积”框中输入5,然后选择正确的单位(mL)
  • 单击“计算”按钮
  • 答案17.513 mg出现在“质量”框中。以类似的方式,您可以计算体积和浓度。

稀释计算器可计算如何稀释已知浓度的储备液。例如,可以输入C1、C2和V2来计算V1,具体如下:

制备25毫升25μM溶液需要多少体积的10 mM储备溶液?
使用方程式C1V1=C2V2,其中C1=10mM,C2=25μM,V2=25 ml,V1未知:
  • 在C1框中输入10,然后选择正确的单位(mM)
  • 在C2框中输入25,然后选择正确的单位(μM)
  • 在V2框中输入25,然后选择正确的单位(mL)
  • 单击“计算”按钮
  • 答案62.5μL(0.1 ml)出现在V1框中
g/mol

分子量计算器可计算化合物的分子量 (摩尔质量)和元素组成,具体如下:

注:化学分子式大小写敏感:C12H18N3O4  c12h18n3o4
计算化合物摩尔质量(分子量)的说明:
  • 要计算化合物的分子量 (摩尔质量),请输入化学/分子式,然后单击“计算”按钮。
分子质量、分子量、摩尔质量和摩尔量的定义:
  • 分子质量(或分子量)是一种物质的一个分子的质量,用统一的原子质量单位(u)表示。(1u等于碳-12中一个原子质量的1/12)
  • 摩尔质量(摩尔重量)是一摩尔物质的质量,以g/mol表示。
/

配液计算器可计算将特定质量的产品配成特定浓度所需的溶剂体积 (配液体积)

  • 输入试剂的质量、所需的配液浓度以及正确的单位
  • 单击“计算”按钮
  • 答案显示在体积框中
动物体内实验配方计算器(澄清溶液)
第一步:请输入基本实验信息(考虑到实验过程中的损耗,建议多配一只动物的药量)
第二步:请输入动物体内配方组成(配方适用于不溶/难溶于水的化合物),不同的产品和批次配方组成不同,如对配方有疑问,可先联系我们提供正确的体内实验配方。此外,请注意这只是一个配方计算器,而不是特定产品的确切配方。
+
+
+

计算结果:

工作液浓度 mg/mL;

DMSO母液配制方法 mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液(母液浓度 mg/mL)。如该浓度超过该批次药物DMSO溶解度,请首先与我们联系。

体内配方配制方法μL DMSO母液,加入 μL PEG300,混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80,混匀澄清后加入 μL ddH2O,混匀澄清。

(1) 请确保溶液澄清之后,再加入下一种溶剂 (助溶剂) 。可利用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等方法助溶;
            (2) 一定要按顺序加入溶剂 (助溶剂) 。

相关产品
联系我们