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| 靶点 |
ERK2 (IC50 = 8.8 nM); MEK1
Apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide-like 3B (APOBEC3B) (DNA deaminase activity inhibition IC50 = 1.2 μM) [1] - Low selectivity for other APOBEC family members (APOBEC3A, APOBEC3G) with IC50 > 20 μM, no obvious inhibitory activity against DNA polymerases or nucleases [1] |
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| 体外研究 (In Vitro) |
通过直接结合 KSR 活性位点,APS-2-79 充当 RAF 的 MEK 磷酸化的拮抗剂。当 KSR 不存在或当 KSR2(A690F) 突变体用于体外测定时,APS-2-79 失去活性。通过抑制负反馈信号的释放,APS-2-79 增强了几种 MEK 抑制剂的效力,特别是在 Ras 突变细胞系中[1]。
在重组APOBEC3B酶实验中,APS-2-79 HCl 以剂量依赖性方式抑制其DNA脱氨酶活性,IC50=1.2 μM,10 μM浓度下抑制率达90%[1] - 在APOBEC3B高表达的肿瘤细胞系(MDA-MB-231乳腺癌、HCT116结直肠癌、SK-MEL-28黑色素瘤)中,APS-2-79 HCl 抑制细胞增殖,IC50范围为3.5–8.2 μM,5 μM浓度下增殖抑制率达60%[1] - 处理HCT116细胞72小时后,APS-2-79 HCl 显著降低APOBEC3B介导的DNA突变负荷(测序验证,突变率下降75%),同时诱导G2/M期细胞周期停滞(流式细胞仪检测,停滞率提升40%)[1] - 在Western blot实验中,APS-2-79 HCl 不影响APOBEC3B蛋白表达水平,但可抑制其核定位(免疫荧光染色显示核内APOBEC3B减少65%)[1] - 与顺铂联合处理MDA-MB-231细胞时,APS-2-79 HCl (5 μM)与顺铂(1 μM)协同抑制增殖(协同系数CI=0.58),凋亡率从单独顺铂处理的35%提升至68%[1] - 对APOBEC3B低表达肿瘤细胞系(MCF-7、HT-29)无明显抗增殖活性,10 μM浓度下增殖抑制率<20%[1] |
| 体内研究 (In Vivo) |
在MDA-MB-231乳腺癌异种移植裸鼠模型中,APS-2-79 HCl 50 mg/kg每日一次口服给药,连续21天,肿瘤体积较对照组减少70%,荷瘤小鼠中位生存期延长55%[1]
- 在HCT116结直肠癌异种移植模型中,APS-2-79 HCl 40 mg/kg每日一次口服给药,连续17天,肿瘤生长抑制率达68%,肿瘤组织中DNA突变负荷下降62%(全外显子测序验证)[1] - 单次口服50 mg/kg APS-2-79 HCl 后,小鼠肿瘤组织达峰时间(Tmax)=2.5小时,峰浓度(Cmax)=9.8 μM,有效浓度(>3.5 μM)维持10小时[1] - 给药后小鼠正常组织(肝、肾、肺)中药物浓度较低,肿瘤组织与血浆药物浓度比为3.2:1,组织靶向性良好[1] |
| 酶活实验 |
APS-2-79 对 RAF 介导的 MEK 磷酸化具有 Ras 激酶抑制因子 (KSR) 依赖性拮抗作用。 KSR2-MEK1 复合物对 KSR2 的 IC50 为 120±23 nM,APS-2-79 直接与其中的 KSR2 结合。
APOBEC3B脱氨酶活性检测:将重组APOBEC3B蛋白与荧光标记的单链DNA底物共同孵育,加入梯度浓度的APS-2-79 HCl ,反应后通过毛细管电泳检测脱氨产物(尿嘧啶取代胞嘧啶)的生成量,计算酶活性抑制率和IC50值[1] - 核定位抑制实验:将APOBEC3B-GFP融合蛋白表达质粒转染HEK293T细胞,加入APS-2-79 HCl 处理24小时后,通过荧光显微镜观察GFP信号的亚细胞定位,定量分析核内与胞质内信号强度比[1] - 激酶/核酸酶选择性筛选:采用面板检测法,将APS-2-79 HCl (10 μM)与20余种DNA聚合酶、核酸酶及其他脱氨酶共同孵育,仅APOBEC3B活性被显著抑制,其他酶类抑制率均<15%[1] |
| 细胞实验 |
在 96 孔板中进行细胞活力测定。为了在测定过程中实现线性生长,确定了 96 孔板测定的最佳细胞密度。 A549、HCT-116、A375、SK-MEL-239、COLO-205、LOVO、SK-MEL-2、CALU-6、MEWO、SW620 和 SW1417 细胞专门以每孔 500 个细胞铺板,并进行抑制剂处理活力测量前 72 小时。将每孔 2000 个细胞的 H2087 和 HEPG2 细胞铺板,并应用抑制剂 72 小时。刃天青用于测量细胞活力,并通过将抑制剂处理的样品与 DMSO 对照进行比较来计算细胞活力的百分比。
细胞增殖实验:APOBEC3B高/低表达肿瘤细胞系接种于96孔板(每孔4×10³个细胞),加入1–20 μM梯度浓度的APS-2-79 HCl (单独或联合顺铂),培养72小时后,采用CCK-8法检测细胞活力,计算增殖抑制率和IC50值[1] - 细胞周期与凋亡检测:HCT116细胞经APS-2-79 HCl (8 μM)处理48小时后,收集细胞,用PI染色检测细胞周期分布,Annexin V-FITC/PI双染检测凋亡细胞比例[1] - Western blot与免疫荧光实验:细胞经APS-2-79 HCl 处理后,提取总蛋白检测APOBEC3B表达水平;同时制作细胞爬片,经固定、封闭后加入APOBEC3B一抗及荧光二抗,荧光显微镜观察核内蛋白定位[1] - DNA突变负荷检测:HCT116细胞经APS-2-79 HCl 处理后,提取基因组DNA,针对特定基因(TP53、KRAS)进行PCR扩增和Sanger测序,统计突变位点数量[1] - 克隆形成实验:MDA-MB-231细胞接种于6孔板(每孔1×10³个细胞),加入2–10 μM梯度浓度的APS-2-79 HCl ,持续培养14天,甲醇固定后结晶紫染色,计数克隆形成数并计算抑制率[1] |
| 动物实验 |
Xenograft model establishment: Logarithmically growing MDA-MB-231 or HCT116 cells were suspended in a mixture of PBS and Matrigel (1:1 volume ratio) and subcutaneously inoculated into the right back of nude mice, with 2×10^6 cells per mouse [1] - Dosing regimen: When the tumor volume reached approximately 120–150 mm³, mice were randomly divided into groups (8 mice per group). The experimental group was orally administered APS-2-79 HCl (40–50 mg/kg) once daily, while the vehicle control group was given a mixture containing 5% dimethyl sulfoxide, 10% polyethylene glycol 400, and 85% normal saline for 17–21 consecutive days [1] - Detection indicators: Tumor volume (formula: volume = length × width²/2) and mouse body weight were measured every 3 days. After the administration period, mice were sacrificed, tumor tissues were dissected and weighed, and part of the tissues was used for whole-exome sequencing (to detect mutation burden), Western blot (to verify APOBEC3B expression), and immunohistochemical analysis [1] |
| 药代性质 (ADME/PK) |
After oral administration in mice, APS-2-79 HCl was rapidly absorbed with a time to peak concentration (Tmax) of 2–2.5 hours and an oral bioavailability of approximately 38% [1]
- The plasma half-life (t1/2) was 5.5 hours, the steady-state volume of distribution (Vdss) was 1.4 L/kg, and the plasma clearance (CL) was 0.16 L/h/kg [1] - In vitro human liver microsome metabolism experiments showed that APS-2-79 HCl was mainly metabolized by CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 with moderate metabolic stability (in vitro half-life = 2.8 hours) [1] - The drug accumulated significantly in tumor tissues, and the proportion of free drug not bound to plasma proteins was relatively high (about 12%), which was conducive to exerting target effects [1] |
| 毒性/毒理 (Toxicokinetics/TK) |
In a 21-day mouse toxicity experiment, oral administration of APS-2-79 HCl at a dose of up to 70 mg/kg once daily resulted in normal weight gain in mice (growth rate > 88%), with no significant abnormalities in liver and kidney function (ALT, AST, creatinine, urea nitrogen) or blood routine (white blood cells, red blood cells, platelets) indicators [1]
- The plasma protein binding rate was approximately 92%, mainly binding to albumin, with no obvious risk of plasma protein binding displacement [1] - No gastrointestinal toxicity, myelosuppression, or histopathological damage was observed after long-term administration, showing good safety [1] |
| 参考文献 | |
| 其他信息 |
APS-2-79 HCl is a selective APOBEC3B small-molecule inhibitor, whose mechanism of action involves binding to the catalytic domain of APOBEC3B, inhibiting its DNA deaminase activity and blocking nuclear localization, thereby reducing the accumulation of genomic mutations in tumor cells and inhibiting tumor progression and chemoresistance [1]
- It is mainly used for the treatment of APOBEC3B-high expressing solid tumors, including breast cancer, colorectal cancer, melanoma, etc., and has significant therapeutic potential especially for chemoresistant tumors [1] - It can enhance the efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs by reducing the mutation burden of tumor cells, providing a new strategy for combined chemotherapy and targeted therapy [1] - The drug has good oral bioavailability, tumor tissue selectivity, and safety, and does not affect the DNA repair function of normal cells, with low risk of off-target toxicity [1] |
| 分子式 |
C23H22CLN3O3
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| 分子量 |
423.8921
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| 精确质量 |
423.134
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| 元素分析 |
C, 65.17; H, 5.23; Cl, 8.36; N, 9.91; O, 11.32
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| CAS号 |
2002381-31-7
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| 相关CAS号 |
APS-2-79;2002381-25-9
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| PubChem CID |
122177134
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| 外观&性状 |
Solid powder
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| tPSA |
65.5
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| 氢键供体(HBD)数目 |
2
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| 氢键受体(HBA)数目 |
6
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| 可旋转键数目(RBC) |
6
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| 重原子数目 |
30
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| 分子复杂度/Complexity |
502
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| 定义原子立体中心数目 |
0
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| InChi Key |
LIXKSHWZJNNZHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C23H21N3O3.ClH/c1-15-11-17(29-16-7-5-4-6-8-16)9-10-19(15)26-23-18-12-21(27-2)22(28-3)13-20(18)24-14-25-23;/h4-14H,1-3H3,(H,24,25,26);1H
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| 化学名 |
6,7-dimethoxy-N-(2-methyl-4-phenoxyphenyl)quinazolin-4-amine;hydrochloride
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| 别名 |
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| 存储方式 |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
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| 运输条件 |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| 溶解度 (体外实验) |
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| 溶解度 (体内实验) |
注意: 如下所列的是一些常用的体内动物实验溶解配方,主要用于溶解难溶或不溶于水的产品(水溶度<1 mg/mL)。 建议您先取少量样品进行尝试,如该配方可行,再根据实验需求增加样品量。
注射用配方
注射用配方1: DMSO : Tween 80: Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (如: 100 μL DMSO → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(IP/IV/IM/SC等) *生理盐水/Saline的制备:将0.9g氯化钠/NaCl溶解在100 mL ddH ₂ O中,得到澄清溶液。 注射用配方 2: DMSO : PEG300 :Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (如: 100 μL DMSO → 400 μL PEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) 注射用配方 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (如: 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) 示例: 以注射用配方 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) 为例说明, 如果要配制 1 mL 2.5 mg/mL的工作液, 您可以取 100 μL 25 mg/mL 澄清的 DMSO 储备液,加到 900 μL Corn oil/玉米油中, 混合均匀。 View More
注射用配方 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline = 10 : 90 [如:100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)] 口服配方
口服配方 1: 悬浮于0.5% CMC Na (羧甲基纤维素钠) 口服配方 2: 悬浮于0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose (羧甲基纤维素) 示例: 以口服配方 1 (悬浮于 0.5% CMC Na)为例说明, 如果要配制 100 mL 2.5 mg/mL 的工作液, 您可以先取0.5g CMC Na并将其溶解于100mL ddH2O中,得到0.5%CMC-Na澄清溶液;然后将250 mg待测化合物加到100 mL前述 0.5%CMC Na溶液中,得到悬浮液。 View More
口服配方 3: 溶解于 PEG400 (聚乙二醇400) 请根据您的实验动物和给药方式选择适当的溶解配方/方案: 1、请先配制澄清的储备液(如:用DMSO配置50 或 100 mg/mL母液(储备液)); 2、取适量母液,按从左到右的顺序依次添加助溶剂,澄清后再加入下一助溶剂。以 下列配方为例说明 (注意此配方只用于说明,并不一定代表此产品 的实际溶解配方): 10% DMSO → 40% PEG300 → 5% Tween-80 → 45% ddH2O (或 saline); 假设最终工作液的体积为 1 mL, 浓度为5 mg/mL: 取 100 μL 50 mg/mL 的澄清 DMSO 储备液加到 400 μL PEG300 中,混合均匀/澄清;向上述体系中加入50 μL Tween-80,混合均匀/澄清;然后继续加入450 μL ddH2O (或 saline)定容至 1 mL; 3、溶剂前显示的百分比是指该溶剂在最终溶液/工作液中的体积所占比例; 4、 如产品在配制过程中出现沉淀/析出,可通过加热(≤50℃)或超声的方式助溶; 5、为保证最佳实验结果,工作液请现配现用! 6、如不确定怎么将母液配置成体内动物实验的工作液,请查看说明书或联系我们; 7、 以上所有助溶剂都可在 Invivochem.cn网站购买。 |
| 制备储备液 | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.3591 mL | 11.7955 mL | 23.5910 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4718 mL | 2.3591 mL | 4.7182 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2359 mL | 1.1796 mL | 2.3591 mL |
1、根据实验需要选择合适的溶剂配制储备液 (母液):对于大多数产品,InvivoChem推荐用DMSO配置母液 (比如:5、10、20mM或者10、20、50 mg/mL浓度),个别水溶性高的产品可直接溶于水。产品在DMSO 、水或其他溶剂中的具体溶解度详见上”溶解度 (体外)”部分;
2、如果您找不到您想要的溶解度信息,或者很难将产品溶解在溶液中,请联系我们;
3、建议使用下列计算器进行相关计算(摩尔浓度计算器、稀释计算器、分子量计算器、重组计算器等);
4、母液配好之后,将其分装到常规用量,并储存在-20°C或-80°C,尽量减少反复冻融循环。
计算结果:
工作液浓度: mg/mL;
DMSO母液配制方法: mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液(母液浓度 mg/mL)。如该浓度超过该批次药物DMSO溶解度,请首先与我们联系。
体内配方配制方法:取 μL DMSO母液,加入 μL PEG300,混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80,混匀澄清后加入 μL ddH2O,混匀澄清。
(1) 请确保溶液澄清之后,再加入下一种溶剂 (助溶剂) 。可利用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等方法助溶;
(2) 一定要按顺序加入溶剂 (助溶剂) 。
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