| 规格 | 价格 | 库存 | 数量 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 250mg |
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| 500mg |
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| 1g |
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| 2g |
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| 5g |
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| 50g |
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| Other Sizes |
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| 靶点 |
- Water molecules (as Cyclen-based Gd³⁺ complexes act by shortening the relaxation time of water protons for MRI contrast enhancement) [1]
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|---|---|
| 体外研究 (In Vitro) |
- 环糊精（Cyclen）基Gd³⁺配合物的纵向弛豫率（r1）优于临床常用MRI造影剂（如Gd-DTPA）。在1.5 T磁场、37℃条件下，r1值范围为3.0–10.5 mM⁻¹s⁻¹，具体数值取决于环糊精配体的结构修饰（如引入亲水基团、刚性片段或靶向配体）[1]
- 细胞毒性实验显示，多数环糊精基Gd³⁺配合物对哺乳动物细胞系（如HeLa、HepG2、L929）毒性较低，孵育24–72 h后的IC50值均大于100 μM[1] - 细胞摄取实验表明，经细胞穿透肽或受体靶向配体修饰的环糊精配合物对特定细胞类型的内化作用增强，通过ICP-MS检测细胞内Gd含量可验证这一结果[1] - 环糊精-Gd³⁺配合物的水交换速率（kex）测定值为10⁶–10⁷ s⁻¹，该范围适用于高效T1弛豫增强[1] |
| 体内研究 (In Vivo) |
- 在Balb/c小鼠中，尾静脉注射环糊精基Gd³⁺配合物（0.1 mmol Gd/kg体重）后，5–30 min内肾脏、肝脏和血管的T1加权MRI信号显著增强，信号增强持续时间为2–4 h（取决于配体结构）[1]
- 荷瘤裸鼠（异种移植模型）注射靶向环糊精基Gd³⁺配合物（经RGD肽或叶酸修饰）后，肿瘤组织的MRI造影增强效果优于非靶向环糊精配合物，肿瘤与肌肉的信号比提高2–3倍[1] - 生物分布研究显示，环糊精基Gd³⁺配合物主要在肾脏积累，并通过肾脏途径快速清除，在肝脏和其他器官的滞留量极低[1] |
| 细胞实验 |
- 细胞毒性实验：将哺乳动物细胞以每孔5×10³个的密度接种到96孔板中，过夜孵育。向孔中加入系列浓度的环糊精基Gd³⁺配合物（0.1–500 μM Gd），培养24、48或72 h。加入细胞活力检测试剂，通过测定吸光度计算细胞存活率和IC50值[1]
- 细胞摄取实验：将细胞接种到6孔板中，与环糊精基Gd³⁺配合物（50 μM Gd）孵育1–4 h。用PBS洗涤去除未结合的配合物后裂解细胞，通过ICP-MS定量细胞内Gd浓度，以确定摄取效率[1] - 荧光成像实验：将偶联荧光染料的环糊精配体与Gd³⁺螯合形成配合物，与细胞共孵育后，通过荧光显微镜观察配合物的细胞定位和内化情况[1] |
| 动物实验 |
- MRI imaging in normal mice: Balb/c mice (20–25 g) were anesthetized and injected intravenously via the tail vein with Cyclen-based Gd³⁺ complexes (0.1 mmol Gd/kg body weight). T1-weighted MRI scans were performed at 0, 5, 15, 30, 60, 120, and 240 min post-injection to monitor signal enhancement in various organs [1]
- Tumor imaging in nude mice: Nude mice bearing subcutaneous xenograft tumors (50–100 mm³) were injected intravenously with targeted or non-targeted Cyclen-Gd³⁺ complexes (0.1 mmol Gd/kg body weight). MRI scans were conducted at different time points to evaluate tumor contrast enhancement [1] - Biodistribution study: Mice were sacrificed 24 h after injection of Cyclen-Gd³⁺ complexes. Major organs (kidneys, liver, spleen, heart, lungs, tumor) were collected, weighed, and digested. The Gd concentration in each organ was measured by ICP-MS to calculate the tissue distribution profile [1] - Acute toxicity study: Mice were injected intravenously with a high dose of Cyclen-Gd³⁺ complexes (0.5 mmol Gd/kg body weight) and monitored for 14 days. Body weight changes, clinical signs of toxicity, and organ histopathology were evaluated [1] |
| 药代性质 (ADME/PK) |
- The blood clearance half-life (t1/2β) of Cyclen-based Gd³⁺ complexes ranged from 0.8 to 2.5 h, with renal clearance as the major elimination pathway [1]
- Biodistribution data showed that the highest Gd accumulation was in the kidneys (15–30 μg Gd/g tissue at 1 h post-injection), followed by the liver (2–5 μg Gd/g tissue), and minimal accumulation in other organs (heart, lungs, spleen < 2 μg Gd/g tissue) [1] - Urinary excretion of Gd was 60–85% within 24 h post-injection, indicating efficient renal clearance of Cyclen-Gd³⁺ complexes [1] - Plasma protein binding rate of Cyclen-Gd³⁺ complexes was low (5–15%), as determined by ultrafiltration assays [1] |
| 毒性/毒理 (Toxicokinetics/TK) |
- In vitro cytotoxicity: Cyclen-based Gd³⁺ complexes showed low toxicity to HeLa, HepG2, and L929 cells, with IC50 values > 100 μM (24 h incubation) and > 200 μM (72 h incubation) [1]
- In vivo acute toxicity: No mortality or obvious clinical signs of toxicity (e.g., lethargy, loss of appetite) were observed in mice treated with Cyclen-Gd³⁺ complexes at doses up to 0.5 mmol Gd/kg body weight over 14 days [1] - Liver and kidney function tests (ALT, AST, BUN, creatinine) in treated mice showed no significant abnormalities compared to control groups [1] - Histopathological examination of kidneys, liver, and other organs revealed no obvious tissue damage or inflammation induced by Cyclen-Gd³⁺ complexes [1] |
| 参考文献 | |
| 其他信息 |
1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane is an azacycloalkane that is cyclododecane in which the carbon atoms at positions 1, 4, 7 and 10 are replaced by nitrogen atoms. It is a saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent, a crown amine and an azacycloalkane.
- Cyclen (1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane) is a macrocyclic ligand that forms stable octadentate complexes with Gd³⁺ ions [1] - The mechanism of MRI contrast enhancement by Cyclen-based Gd³⁺ complexes involves the exchange of water molecules between the complex and the bulk solution, which shortens the longitudinal (T1) and transverse (T2) relaxation times of water protons [1] - Ligand design strategies for Cyclen include introducing hydrophilic groups (e.g., carboxylates, hydroxyls) to improve water solubility, rigidifying the macrocycle to optimize water exchange rate, and conjugating targeting moieties (e.g., RGD peptide, folate) to enhance tissue-specific accumulation [1] - Cyclen-based Gd³⁺ complexes have advantages over clinical contrast agents such as higher relaxation rates, better stability, and lower toxicity, making them promising candidates for diagnostic MRI applications [1] |
| 分子式 |
C8H20N4
|
|---|---|
| 分子量 |
172.2712
|
| 精确质量 |
172.168
|
| CAS号 |
294-90-6
|
| PubChem CID |
64963
|
| 外观&性状 |
White to off-white solid powder
|
| 密度 |
0.9±0.1 g/cm3
|
| 沸点 |
283.8±8.0 °C at 760 mmHg
|
| 熔点 |
110-113 °C(lit.)
|
| 闪点 |
129.5±13.5 °C
|
| 蒸汽压 |
0.0±0.6 mmHg at 25°C
|
| 折射率 |
1.424
|
| LogP |
-2.34
|
| tPSA |
48.12
|
| 氢键供体(HBD)数目 |
4
|
| 氢键受体(HBA)数目 |
4
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| 可旋转键数目(RBC) |
0
|
| 重原子数目 |
12
|
| 分子复杂度/Complexity |
65.1
|
| 定义原子立体中心数目 |
0
|
| InChi Key |
QBPPRVHXOZRESW-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C8H20N4/c1-2-10-5-6-12-8-7-11-4-3-9-1/h9-12H,1-8H2
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| 化学名 |
1,4,7,10-tetrazacyclododecane
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| 存储方式 |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month 注意： (1). 本产品在运输和储存过程中需避光。 (2). 请将本产品存放在密封且受保护的环境中（例如氮气保护），避免吸湿/受潮。 |
| 运输条件 |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| 溶解度 (体外实验) |
H2O : ~50 mg/mL (~290.24 mM)
DMSO : ~1.85 mg/mL (~10.74 mM) |
|---|---|
| 溶解度 (体内实验) |
注意: 如下所列的是一些常用的体内动物实验溶解配方，主要用于溶解难溶或不溶于水的产品（水溶度<1 mg/mL）。 建议您先取少量样品进行尝试，如该配方可行，再根据实验需求增加样品量。
注射用配方
注射用配方1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (如： 100 μL DMSO → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(IP/IV/IM/SC等) *生理盐水/Saline的制备：将0.9g氯化钠/NaCl溶解在100 mL ddH ₂ O中，得到澄清溶液。 注射用配方 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (如： 100 μL DMSO → 400 μL PEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) 注射用配方 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (如： 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) 示例: 以注射用配方 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) 为例说明, 如果要配制 1 mL 2.5 mg/mL的工作液, 您可以取 100 μL 25 mg/mL 澄清的 DMSO 储备液，加到 900 μL Corn oil/玉米油中, 混合均匀。 View More
注射用配方 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline = 10 : 90 [如：100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)] 口服配方
口服配方 1: 悬浮于0.5% CMC Na (羧甲基纤维素钠) 口服配方 2: 悬浮于0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose (羧甲基纤维素) 示例: 以口服配方 1 (悬浮于 0.5% CMC Na)为例说明, 如果要配制 100 mL 2.5 mg/mL 的工作液, 您可以先取0.5g CMC Na并将其溶解于100mL ddH2O中，得到0.5%CMC-Na澄清溶液；然后将250 mg待测化合物加到100 mL前述 0.5%CMC Na溶液中，得到悬浮液。 View More
口服配方 3: 溶解于 PEG400 (聚乙二醇400) 请根据您的实验动物和给药方式选择适当的溶解配方/方案： 1、请先配制澄清的储备液(如：用DMSO配置50 或 100 mg/mL母液(储备液)); 2、取适量母液，按从左到右的顺序依次添加助溶剂，澄清后再加入下一助溶剂。以 下列配方为例说明 (注意此配方只用于说明，并不一定代表此产品 的实际溶解配方): 10% DMSO → 40% PEG300 → 5% Tween-80 → 45% ddH2O (或 saline); 假设最终工作液的体积为 1 mL, 浓度为5 mg/mL: 取 100 μL 50 mg/mL 的澄清 DMSO 储备液加到 400 μL PEG300 中，混合均匀/澄清；向上述体系中加入50 μL Tween-80，混合均匀/澄清；然后继续加入450 μL ddH2O (或 saline)定容至 1 mL； 3、溶剂前显示的百分比是指该溶剂在最终溶液/工作液中的体积所占比例; 4、 如产品在配制过程中出现沉淀/析出，可通过加热(≤50℃)或超声的方式助溶; 5、为保证最佳实验结果，工作液请现配现用！ 6、如不确定怎么将母液配置成体内动物实验的工作液，请查看说明书或联系我们; 7、 以上所有助溶剂都可在 Invivochem.cn网站购买。 |
| 制备储备液 | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 5.8048 mL | 29.0242 mL | 58.0484 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.1610 mL | 5.8048 mL | 11.6097 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.5805 mL | 2.9024 mL | 5.8048 mL |
1、根据实验需要选择合适的溶剂配制储备液 (母液)：对于大多数产品，InvivoChem推荐用DMSO配置母液 (比如：5、10、20mM或者10、20、50 mg/mL浓度），个别水溶性高的产品可直接溶于水。产品在DMSO 、水或其他溶剂中的具体溶解度详见上”溶解度 (体外)”部分;
2、如果您找不到您想要的溶解度信息，或者很难将产品溶解在溶液中，请联系我们;
3、建议使用下列计算器进行相关计算（摩尔浓度计算器、稀释计算器、分子量计算器、重组计算器等）;
4、母液配好之后，将其分装到常规用量，并储存在-20°C或-80°C，尽量减少反复冻融循环。
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/mL；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL)。如该浓度超过该批次药物DMSO溶解度，请首先与我们联系。
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL ddH2O，混匀澄清。
(1) 请确保溶液澄清之后，再加入下一种溶剂 (助溶剂) 。可利用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等方法助溶；
(2) 一定要按顺序加入溶剂 (助溶剂) 。
E55888 HCL
FITC-Dextran (MW 110000)
FITC-Dextran (MW 2000000)
FITC-Dextran (MW 150000)
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