Echinomycin

别名: Quinomycin A Antibiotic A 654ISK 302BEchinomycin NSC 526417NSC 13502 棘霉素;醌霉素A
目录号: V9769 纯度: ≥98%
Echinomycin (Quinomycin A) 是一种有效的细胞穿透/可渗透小分子抑制剂,可抑制缺氧诱导因子 1 (HIF-1) 的 DNA 结合活性。
Echinomycin CAS号: 512-64-1
产品类别: New1
产品仅用于科学研究,不针对患者销售
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产品描述
Echinomycin (Quinomycin A) 是一种有效的细胞穿透/可渗透小分子抑制剂,可抑制缺氧诱导因子 1 (HIF-1) 的 DNA 结合活性。 Echinomycin 选择性抑制癌症干细胞,IC50 为 29.4 pM。
生物活性&实验参考方法
体外研究 (In Vitro)
用棘霉素(0-10 nM;16 小时;U251 细胞)治疗可显着且剂量依赖性地减少缺氧产生的 VEGF mRNA 的产生。 Echinomycin 的 EC50 为 1.2 nM,可高效且剂量依赖性地抑制 U251-HRE 中荧光素酶表达的缺氧刺激 [1]。
体内研究 (In Vivo)
通过选择性耗竭癌症干细胞 (CSC),棘霉素(10 μg/kg;静脉注射;持续 40 天)治疗可有效根除异种模型中的人类急性髓系恶性肿瘤和小鼠淋巴瘤。 AML,或白血病。 HIF1α 可以阻止 Notch 通路中的负反馈回路,从而使小鼠淋巴瘤 CSC 保持存活 [2]。
细胞实验
RT-PCR[1]
细胞类型: U251 细胞
测试浓度: 0 nM、0.625 nM、1.25 nM、5 nM、10 nM
孵育持续时间:16小时
实验结果:以剂量依赖性方式显着抑制缺氧诱导的VEGF mRNA表达。
动物实验
动物/疾病模型:NOD-SCID(重症联合免疫缺陷)小鼠接受1.8Gy照射,并静脉注射AML-71和AML-150患者的外周血细胞[2]
剂量:10 μg/kg
给药途径:静脉注射。结果持续40天:通过优先清除癌症干细胞,有效根除小鼠淋巴瘤和异种移植模型中可连续移植的人类AML。
参考文献

[1]. Echinomycin, a small-molecule inhibitor of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 DNA-binding activity. Cancer Res. 2005 Oct 1;65(19):9047-55.

[2]. Targeting HIF1α eliminates cancer stem cells in hematological malignancies. Cell Stem Cell. 2011 Apr 8;8(4):399-411.

其他信息
喹诺霉素C是一种环状缩肽。
棘霉素是一种从棘链霉菌(Streptomyces echinatus)中分离得到的细胞毒性多肽喹喔啉类抗生素,它能与DNA结合并抑制RNA合成。
据报道,棘霉素存在于三裂链霉菌(Streptomyces triostinicus)、链霉菌科(Streptomycetaceae)和棘链霉菌(Streptomyces echinatus)中,并有相关数据。
棘霉素是一种从棘链霉菌(Streptomyces echinatus)中分离得到的多肽喹喔啉类抗肿瘤抗生素。棘霉素以序列特异性的方式同时嵌入DNA的两个位点,从而抑制DNA复制和RNA合成。(NCI04)
一种从棘链霉菌(Streptomyces echinatus)中分离得到的细胞毒性多肽喹喔啉类抗生素,它能与DNA结合并抑制RNA合成。
另见:棘霉素(注释已移至)。
*注: 文献方法仅供参考, InvivoChem并未独立验证这些方法的准确性
化学信息 & 存储运输条件
分子式
C51H64N12O12S2
分子量
1101.265
精确质量
1100.42
CAS号
512-64-1
PubChem CID
3197
外观&性状
White to off-white solid powder
密度
1.41 g/cm3
沸点
1427.2ºC at 760 mmHg
闪点
817ºC
折射率
1.536
LogP
1.826
tPSA
352.4
氢键供体(HBD)数目
4
氢键受体(HBA)数目
18
可旋转键数目(RBC)
7
重原子数目
77
分子复杂度/Complexity
2200
定义原子立体中心数目
0
InChi Key
AUJXLBOHYWTPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C51H64N12O12S2/c1-25(2)38-49(72)74-22-36(59-42(65)34-21-53-30-17-13-15-19-32(30)57-34)44(67)55-28(6)46(69)63(10)40-48(71)62(9)39(26(3)4)50(73)75-23-35(58-41(64)33-20-52-29-16-12-14-18-31(29)56-33)43(66)54-27(5)45(68)60(7)37(47(70)61(38)8)24-77-51(40)76-11/h12-21,25-28,35-40,51H,22-24H2,1-11H3,(H,54,66)(H,55,67)(H,58,64)(H,59,65)
化学名
N,N'-((1R,4S,7R,11S,14R,17S,20R,24S)-11,24-diisopropyl-2,4,12,15,17,25-hexamethyl-27-(methylthio)-3,6,10,13,16,19,23,26-octaoxo-9,22-dioxa-28-thia-2,5,12,15,18,25-hexaazabicyclo[12.12.3]nonacosane-7,20-diyl)bis(quinoxaline-2-carboxamide)
别名
Quinomycin A Antibiotic A 654ISK 302BEchinomycin NSC 526417NSC 13502
HS Tariff Code
2934.99.9001
存储方式

Powder      -20°C    3 years

                     4°C     2 years

In solvent   -80°C    6 months

                  -20°C    1 month

注意: 请将本产品存放在密封且受保护的环境中(例如氮气保护),避免吸湿/受潮。
运输条件
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
溶解度数据
溶解度 (体外实验)
DMSO : ~5.3 mg/mL (~4.81 mM)
溶解度 (体内实验)
注意: 如下所列的是一些常用的体内动物实验溶解配方,主要用于溶解难溶或不溶于水的产品(水溶度<1 mg/mL)。 建议您先取少量样品进行尝试,如该配方可行,再根据实验需求增加样品量。

注射用配方
(IP/IV/IM/SC等)
注射用配方1: DMSO : Tween 80: Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (如: 100 μL DMSO 50 μL Tween 80 850 μL Saline)
*生理盐水/Saline的制备:将0.9g氯化钠/NaCl溶解在100 mL ddH ₂ O中,得到澄清溶液。
注射用配方 2: DMSO : PEG300Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (如: 100 μL DMSO 400 μL PEG300 50 μL Tween 80 450 μL Saline)
注射用配方 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (如: 100 μL DMSO 900 μL Corn oil)
示例: 注射用配方 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) 为例说明, 如果要配制 1 mL 2.5 mg/mL的工作液, 您可以取 100 μL 25 mg/mL 澄清的 DMSO 储备液,加到 900 μL Corn oil/玉米油中, 混合均匀。
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注射用配方 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline = 10 : 90 [如:100 μL DMSO 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)]
*20% SBE-β-CD in Saline的制备(4°C,储存1周):将2g SBE-β-CD (磺丁基-β-环糊精) 溶解于10mL生理盐水中,得到澄清溶液。
注射用配方 5: 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin : Saline = 50 : 50 (如: 500 μL 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (羟丙基环胡精) 500 μL Saline)
注射用配方 6: DMSO : PEG300 : Castor oil : Saline = 5 : 10 : 20 : 65 (如: 50 μL DMSO 100 μL PEG300 200 μL Castor oil 650 μL Saline)
注射用配方 7: Ethanol : Cremophor : Saline = 10: 10 : 80 (如: 100 μL Ethanol 100 μL Cremophor 800 μL Saline)
注射用配方 8: 溶解于Cremophor/Ethanol (50 : 50), 然后用生理盐水稀释。
注射用配方 9: EtOH : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (如: 100 μL EtOH 900 μL Corn oil)
注射用配方 10: EtOH : PEG300Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (如: 100 μL EtOH 400 μL PEG300 50 μL Tween 80 450 μL Saline)


口服配方
口服配方 1: 悬浮于0.5% CMC Na (羧甲基纤维素钠)
口服配方 2: 悬浮于0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose (羧甲基纤维素)
示例: 口服配方 1 (悬浮于 0.5% CMC Na)为例说明, 如果要配制 100 mL 2.5 mg/mL 的工作液, 您可以先取0.5g CMC Na并将其溶解于100mL ddH2O中,得到0.5%CMC-Na澄清溶液;然后将250 mg待测化合物加到100 mL前述 0.5%CMC Na溶液中,得到悬浮液。
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口服配方 3: 溶解于 PEG400 (聚乙二醇400)
口服配方 4: 悬浮于0.2% Carboxymethyl cellulose (羧甲基纤维素)
口服配方 5: 溶解于0.25% Tween 80 and 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose (羧甲基纤维素)
口服配方 6: 做成粉末与食物混合


注意: 以上为较为常见方法,仅供参考, InvivoChem并未独立验证这些配方的准确性。具体溶剂的选择首先应参照文献已报道溶解方法、配方或剂型,对于某些尚未有文献报道溶解方法的化合物,需通过前期实验来确定(建议先取少量样品进行尝试),包括产品的溶解情况、梯度设置、动物的耐受性等。

请根据您的实验动物和给药方式选择适当的溶解配方/方案:
1、请先配制澄清的储备液(如:用DMSO配置50 或 100 mg/mL母液(储备液));
2、取适量母液,按从左到右的顺序依次添加助溶剂,澄清后再加入下一助溶剂。以 下列配方为例说明 (注意此配方只用于说明,并不一定代表此产品 的实际溶解配方):
10% DMSO → 40% PEG300 → 5% Tween-80 → 45% ddH2O (或 saline);
假设最终工作液的体积为 1 mL, 浓度为5 mg/mL: 取 100 μL 50 mg/mL 的澄清 DMSO 储备液加到 400 μL PEG300 中,混合均匀/澄清;向上述体系中加入50 μL Tween-80,混合均匀/澄清;然后继续加入450 μL ddH2O (或 saline)定容至 1 mL;

3、溶剂前显示的百分比是指该溶剂在最终溶液/工作液中的体积所占比例;
4、 如产品在配制过程中出现沉淀/析出,可通过加热(≤50℃)或超声的方式助溶;
5、为保证最佳实验结果,工作液请现配现用!
6、如不确定怎么将母液配置成体内动物实验的工作液,请查看说明书或联系我们;
7、 以上所有助溶剂都可在 Invivochem.cn网站购买。
制备储备液 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 0.9080 mL 4.5402 mL 9.0804 mL
5 mM 0.1816 mL 0.9080 mL 1.8161 mL
10 mM 0.0908 mL 0.4540 mL 0.9080 mL

1、根据实验需要选择合适的溶剂配制储备液 (母液):对于大多数产品,InvivoChem推荐用DMSO配置母液 (比如:5、10、20mM或者10、20、50 mg/mL浓度),个别水溶性高的产品可直接溶于水。产品在DMSO 、水或其他溶剂中的具体溶解度详见上”溶解度 (体外)”部分;

2、如果您找不到您想要的溶解度信息,或者很难将产品溶解在溶液中,请联系我们;

3、建议使用下列计算器进行相关计算(摩尔浓度计算器、稀释计算器、分子量计算器、重组计算器等);

4、母液配好之后,将其分装到常规用量,并储存在-20°C或-80°C,尽量减少反复冻融循环。

计算器

摩尔浓度计算器可计算特定溶液所需的质量、体积/浓度,具体如下:

  • 计算制备已知体积和浓度的溶液所需的化合物的质量
  • 计算将已知质量的化合物溶解到所需浓度所需的溶液体积
  • 计算特定体积中已知质量的化合物产生的溶液的浓度
使用摩尔浓度计算器计算摩尔浓度的示例如下所示:
假如化合物的分子量为350.26 g/mol,在5mL DMSO中制备10mM储备液所需的化合物的质量是多少?
  • 在分子量(MW)框中输入350.26
  • 在“浓度”框中输入10,然后选择正确的单位(mM)
  • 在“体积”框中输入5,然后选择正确的单位(mL)
  • 单击“计算”按钮
  • 答案17.513 mg出现在“质量”框中。以类似的方式,您可以计算体积和浓度。

稀释计算器可计算如何稀释已知浓度的储备液。例如,可以输入C1、C2和V2来计算V1,具体如下:

制备25毫升25μM溶液需要多少体积的10 mM储备溶液?
使用方程式C1V1=C2V2,其中C1=10mM,C2=25μM,V2=25 ml,V1未知:
  • 在C1框中输入10,然后选择正确的单位(mM)
  • 在C2框中输入25,然后选择正确的单位(μM)
  • 在V2框中输入25,然后选择正确的单位(mL)
  • 单击“计算”按钮
  • 答案62.5μL(0.1 ml)出现在V1框中
g/mol

分子量计算器可计算化合物的分子量 (摩尔质量)和元素组成,具体如下:

注:化学分子式大小写敏感:C12H18N3O4  c12h18n3o4
计算化合物摩尔质量(分子量)的说明:
  • 要计算化合物的分子量 (摩尔质量),请输入化学/分子式,然后单击“计算”按钮。
分子质量、分子量、摩尔质量和摩尔量的定义:
  • 分子质量(或分子量)是一种物质的一个分子的质量,用统一的原子质量单位(u)表示。(1u等于碳-12中一个原子质量的1/12)
  • 摩尔质量(摩尔重量)是一摩尔物质的质量,以g/mol表示。
/

配液计算器可计算将特定质量的产品配成特定浓度所需的溶剂体积 (配液体积)

  • 输入试剂的质量、所需的配液浓度以及正确的单位
  • 单击“计算”按钮
  • 答案显示在体积框中
动物体内实验配方计算器(澄清溶液)
第一步:请输入基本实验信息(考虑到实验过程中的损耗,建议多配一只动物的药量)
第二步:请输入动物体内配方组成(配方适用于不溶/难溶于水的化合物),不同的产品和批次配方组成不同,如对配方有疑问,可先联系我们提供正确的体内实验配方。此外,请注意这只是一个配方计算器,而不是特定产品的确切配方。
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+
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计算结果:

工作液浓度 mg/mL;

DMSO母液配制方法 mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液(母液浓度 mg/mL)。如该浓度超过该批次药物DMSO溶解度,请首先与我们联系。

体内配方配制方法μL DMSO母液,加入 μL PEG300,混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80,混匀澄清后加入 μL ddH2O,混匀澄清。

(1) 请确保溶液澄清之后,再加入下一种溶剂 (助溶剂) 。可利用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等方法助溶;
            (2) 一定要按顺序加入溶剂 (助溶剂) 。

生物数据图片
  • Lymphoma CSC were abrogated by selectively by an HIF inhibitor. a. Selective ablation of lymphoma CFU by echinomycin. The cultured lymphoma cells were treated with given doses of pharmacologically effective drugs in medium for 24 hours prior to CFU assay. Data shown are means +/−SD of triplicates and have been confirmed by 3 independent experiments. b. Constitutive HIF activity among c-Kit+ cells and its sensitivity to echinomycin. The FACS profiles in the upper and middle panels show the specificity of the GFP reporter by co-expression of GFP expressing cells and c-Kit in WT HRE, but not mutant HRE lentiviral reporters. The dose response to inhibition by echinomycin is shown in the bottom panel. The lymphoma cells transfected with the HRE reporter system were cultured in the presence of different concentration of echinomycin for 12 hours, the % of c-Kit+GFP+ cells was normalized against the untreated group (1.13%, which was defined as 100%). The dose that resulted in 50% reduction of the c-Kit+GFP+ cells is defined as IC50. Detailed description of the reporter and its specificity is presented in supplemental data Fig. S3a. c. Selectivity of HIF inhibitor for CFU of lymphoma CSC over the CFU from hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPC). c-Kit+Sca-1+ cells from either TGB or normal bone marrow were treated with given concentration of echinomycin overnight prior to CFU assay. The data shown were % of untreated controls, and were means +/− S.D. of triplicates. d. ShRNA silencing reduces susceptibility of CFU activity to echinomycin.[2]. Wang Y, et al. Targeting HIF1α eliminates cancer stem cells in hematological malignancies. Cell Stem Cell. 2011 Apr 8;8(4):399-411.
  • HIF1α is a target for therapeutic elimination of human AML in xenogenic mouse model. a. Isolation of 4 subsets of tumor cells in AML samples. Bone marrow cells from AML patient MI-AML-71 were stained for CD34 and CD38 and sorted into 4 subsets for RNA isolation. The presort samples and the gates used for sorting are shown in the left panel and the post-sorted populations are shown in the middle and right panels. The percentages of cells in each gate are provided in the panels. b. Expression of HIF1a (top) and GLUT1 in the subsets. Data shown are means+/−S.D. of transcript levels of the genes, presented as % of βactin from the same samples. Enhanced expression in the CD34+CD38− samples have been observed in all 6 AML samples tested. c. Increased accumulation of HIF1α protein in CD34+CD38− AML cells. CD38+ cells were depleted by negative selection with anti-CD38-conjugated magnetic beads. The remaining cells were further separated into CD38−CD34+ (purity 72–78%) and CD38−CD34− (purity 96–100%) cells by positive selection, Lysates from the two populations were used for Western blot. d. HIF1α activity is essential for AML-CFU. AML-60 and AML-71 were transduced with either scrambled (Sr) or HIF1a shRNA (Sh-2). The CFU of transduced AML cells were counted based on EGFP signal. The transduction efficacy were measured by FACS prior to plating. The % of GFP+ cells for the experiment were: AML60: Sr, 32.6; Sh-2:32.48. AML-71: Sr: 45.70; Sh-2: 40.19. The shRNA used, Sh-2, targets shared sequenced between mouse and human HIF1a genes. Data showing are CFU per 2x105 cells. e. HIF1a silencing increased the resistance to CFU to echinomycin. As in e, except the transduced cells were treated with given concentration of echinomycin. Data shown were % of CFU after normalized to untreated group (defined as 100%). The number of colonies in the control group are shown in Fig. 6d. Data in d and e have been repeated once with the same conclusions. f. AML-CFU in all 7 AML samples are highly sensitive to echinomycin. AML samples (2.5x105/ml) from either peripheral blood (PB) or bone marrow (BM) were pretreated with given concentrations of echinomycin in 2 ml medium for 24 hours. Treated viable cells were then plated at 105/well for CFU assay in triplicates. The colony numbers were counted 7–10 days later. The data shown are % means+/− S.D. of untreated controls. g. Echinomycin selectively eliminates the CD34+CD38− subset of AML cells. Primary AML samples were thawed from liquid nitrogen. After overnight recovery, they were cultured with given doses of echinomycin or vehicle control for 30 hours in RPMI 1640 containing 10% fetal calf serum and human cytokine cocktail consisting of CSF, GM-CSF and IL-3 at a density of 5X105/ml. The cells were stained with antibodies against CD34, CD38 in conjunction with Annexin V and DAPI. Data shown are the % of Annexin V+DAPI+/− cells with the specified markers. The Annexin V+ cells % in vehicle treated group has been subtracted. The filled symbols show the data for the CD34+CD38− subsets, while the open symbols show data for the bulk leukemia cells (CD34+CD38+ for AML9, AML32, AML60 and AML71 and CD34−CD38+ for AML15, AML36 and AML132). These data have been repeated twice. h. Therapeutic effect of human AML in NOD-SCID mice, data shown are % of human CD45 (hCD45)+ cells in the bone marrow of the recipient mice at 40 days after last treatment. The therapeutic effect has been repeated twice.[2]. Wang Y, et al. Targeting HIF1α eliminates cancer stem cells in hematological malignancies. Cell Stem Cell. 2011 Apr 8;8(4):399-411.
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