规格 | 价格 | 库存 | 数量 |
---|---|---|---|
25mg |
|
||
50mg |
|
||
100mg |
|
||
250mg |
|
||
500mg |
|
||
1g |
|
||
2g |
|
||
Other Sizes |
|
靶点 |
5-HT3 Receptor ( Ki = 0.17 nM )
|
---|---|
体外研究 (In Vitro) |
体外活性:帕洛诺司琼是一种高效、选择性的第二代 5-HT3 受体拮抗剂,其 5-HT3 受体结合亲和力比其他 5-HT3 受体拮抗剂高约 100 倍(pKi 10.5,而格拉司琼为 8.91) ,托烷司琼为 8.81,昂丹司琼为 8.39,多拉司琼为 7.6)。帕洛诺司琼还具有较长的血浆消除半衰期,约为 40 小时,明显长于同类药物(昂丹司琼,4 小时;托烷司琼,7.3 小时;多拉司琼,7.5 小时;雷尼司琼,8.9 小时)。激酶测定:帕洛诺司琼是一种高效、选择性的第二代 5-HT3 受体拮抗剂,其 5-HT3 受体结合亲和力比其他 5-HT3 受体拮抗剂高约 100 倍(pKi 10.5,而格拉司琼为 8.91,托烷司琼为 8.81,昂丹司琼为 8.39,多拉司琼为 7.6)。细胞测定:帕洛诺司琼是一种 5-HT3 拮抗剂,用于预防和治疗化疗引起的恶心和呕吐 (CINV)。 IC50 值: 目标:5-HT3 受体帕洛诺司琼是控制第一个化疗疗程后 24 小时以上出现的迟发性 CINV 恶心和呕吐最有效的 5-HT3 拮抗剂。
|
体内研究 (In Vivo) |
帕洛诺司琼在半衰期和结合亲和力方面都超过了第一代5-HT3受体拮抗剂。当健康人和癌症患者静脉注射帕洛诺司琼时,身体在血浆浓度最初下降后逐渐消除药物。在 0.3 至 90 μg/kg 之间,健康个体和癌症患者的平均最大血浆浓度和浓度-时间曲线下面积通常与剂量成比例。帕洛诺司琼的分布容积为 8.3 ± 2.5 L/kg,62% 与血浆蛋白结合。通过代谢过程和肾脏排泄,它被排出体外。 40 小时大致是平均终末消除半衰期[1]。
|
酶活实验 |
帕洛诺司琼是第二代、高选择性、强效的 5-HT3 受体拮抗剂,与该受体的结合亲和力比其他 5-HT3 受体拮抗剂高约 100 倍(pKi 10.5,而格拉司琼为 8.91) ,托烷司琼为 8.81,昂丹司琼为 8.39,多拉司琼为 7.6)。
|
细胞实验 |
帕洛诺司琼是一种 5-HT3 拮抗剂,用于治疗和预防化疗 (CINV) 引起的恶心和呕吐。 IC50 值:在 5-HT3 拮抗剂中,5-HT3 受体帕洛诺司琼在治疗迟发性 CINV 恶心和呕吐方面最成功,这种恶心和呕吐在化疗方案初始剂量后 24 小时内出现。
|
动物实验 |
Autoradiographical studies[3]
Coronal sections of rat and mouse brains were cut at 20 ,um thickness. Sections were dried and pre-incubated in Tris-HCl buffer (50 mM Tris, 120 mM NaCl, pH 7.4, 22°C) for 30 min. The sections were then covered with the same buffer contain- -4 ing 1.0 nM [3H]-RS 42358-197 or [3H]-RS 25259-197 for 60 min at 22°C. Non-specific binding was defined in the presence of 1.0 tLM (S)-zacopride. The incubations were ter- -n minated by rinsing the slides for two washes of 5 min in ice cold buffer. The sections were dried and apposed, together with 3H polymer standards (Amersham, Inc.) to tritiumsensitive X-ray film for 24 weeks. The autoradiograms were then analysed by digital image analysis with the MCID imaging system (Imaging Research, Inc.). Brain areas were verified on cresyl violet stained sections after autoradiography, using the areas described in the rat brain atlas of Paxinos & Watson (1985). |
药代性质 (ADME/PK) |
Absorption, Distribution and Excretion
Low oral bioavailability. After a single intravenous dose of 10 mcg/kg [14C]-palonosetron, approximately 80% of the dose was recovered within 144 hours in the urine 8.3 ± 2.5 L/kg 160 +/- 35 mL/h/kg Metabolism / Metabolites Hepatic (50%), primarily CYP2D6-mediated, although CYP3A4 and CYP1A2 are also involved. Biological Half-Life Approximately 40 hours |
毒性/毒理 (Toxicokinetics/TK) |
Effects During Pregnancy and Lactation
◉ Summary of Use during Lactation No information is available on the use of palonosetron during breastfeeding. Until more data become available, palonosetron should be used with caution during breastfeeding. An alternate drug may be preferred. ◉ Effects in Breastfed Infants Relevant published information was not found as of the revision date. ◉ Effects on Lactation and Breastmilk Relevant published information was not found as of the revision date. Protein Binding 62% |
参考文献 |
[3]. Br J Pharmacol. 1995 Feb;114(4):851-9.
|
其他信息 |
Pharmacodynamics
Palonosetron is an antinauseant and antiemetic agent indicated for the prevention of nausea and vomiting associated with moderately-emetogenic cancer chemotherapy and for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Palonosetron is a highly specific and selective serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonist that is pharmacologically related to other 5-HT3 receptor antagonists, but differs structurally. Palonosetron has a high affinity for 5-HT3 receptors, but has little to no affinity for other receptors. The serontonin 5-HT3 receptors are located on the nerve terminals of the vagus in the periphery, and centrally in the chemoreceptor trigger zone of the area postrema. It is suggested that chemotherapeutic agents release serotonin from the enterochromaffin cells of the small intestine by causing degenerative changes in the GI tract. The serotonin then stimulates the vagal and splanchnic nerve receptors that project to the medullary vomiting center, as well as the 5-HT3 receptors in the area postrema, thus initiating the vomiting reflex, causing nausea and vomiting. |
分子式 |
C19H24N2O
|
---|---|
分子量 |
296.41
|
精确质量 |
296.188
|
元素分析 |
C, 76.99; H, 8.16; N, 9.45; O, 5.40
|
CAS号 |
135729-61-2
|
相关CAS号 |
Palonosetron hydrochloride; 135729-62-3; (R,R)-Palonosetron Hydrochloride; 135729-75-8
|
PubChem CID |
6337614
|
外观&性状 |
Solid powder
|
密度 |
1.2±0.1 g/cm3
|
沸点 |
470.4±45.0 °C at 760 mmHg
|
闪点 |
209.5±21.1 °C
|
蒸汽压 |
0.0±1.2 mmHg at 25°C
|
折射率 |
1.646
|
LogP |
2.61
|
tPSA |
23.55
|
氢键供体(HBD)数目 |
0
|
氢键受体(HBA)数目 |
2
|
可旋转键数目(RBC) |
1
|
重原子数目 |
22
|
分子复杂度/Complexity |
456
|
定义原子立体中心数目 |
2
|
SMILES |
O=C1N(C[C@@]([H])(CCC2)C3=C2C=CC=C13)[C@@H]4CN5CCC4CC5
|
InChi Key |
CPZBLNMUGSZIPR-NVXWUHKLSA-N
|
InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C19H24N2O/c22-19-16-6-2-4-14-3-1-5-15(18(14)16)11-21(19)17-12-20-9-7-13(17)8-10-20/h2,4,6,13,15,17H,1,3,5,7-12H2/t15-,17-/m1/s1
|
化学名 |
(3aS)-2-[(3S)-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-3-yl]-3a,4,5,6-tetrahydro-3H-benzo[de]isoquinolin-1-one
|
别名 |
RS 25259; RS 25259 197; RS 25233-197; RS25233-197; RS-25233-197; RS25233-198; RS-25233-198; RS 25233-198; RS-25259-197; Palonosetron; US brand name: Aloxi; Akynzeo
|
HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
|
存储方式 |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
运输条件 |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
|
溶解度 (体外实验) |
|
|||
---|---|---|---|---|
溶解度 (体内实验) |
注意: 如下所列的是一些常用的体内动物实验溶解配方,主要用于溶解难溶或不溶于水的产品(水溶度<1 mg/mL)。 建议您先取少量样品进行尝试,如该配方可行,再根据实验需求增加样品量。
注射用配方
注射用配方1: DMSO : Tween 80: Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (如: 100 μL DMSO → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(IP/IV/IM/SC等) *生理盐水/Saline的制备:将0.9g氯化钠/NaCl溶解在100 mL ddH ₂ O中,得到澄清溶液。 注射用配方 2: DMSO : PEG300 :Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (如: 100 μL DMSO → 400 μL PEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) 注射用配方 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (如: 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) 示例: 以注射用配方 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) 为例说明, 如果要配制 1 mL 2.5 mg/mL的工作液, 您可以取 100 μL 25 mg/mL 澄清的 DMSO 储备液,加到 900 μL Corn oil/玉米油中, 混合均匀。 View More
注射用配方 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline = 10 : 90 [如:100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)] 口服配方
口服配方 1: 悬浮于0.5% CMC Na (羧甲基纤维素钠) 口服配方 2: 悬浮于0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose (羧甲基纤维素) 示例: 以口服配方 1 (悬浮于 0.5% CMC Na)为例说明, 如果要配制 100 mL 2.5 mg/mL 的工作液, 您可以先取0.5g CMC Na并将其溶解于100mL ddH2O中,得到0.5%CMC-Na澄清溶液;然后将250 mg待测化合物加到100 mL前述 0.5%CMC Na溶液中,得到悬浮液。 View More
口服配方 3: 溶解于 PEG400 (聚乙二醇400) 请根据您的实验动物和给药方式选择适当的溶解配方/方案: 1、请先配制澄清的储备液(如:用DMSO配置50 或 100 mg/mL母液(储备液)); 2、取适量母液,按从左到右的顺序依次添加助溶剂,澄清后再加入下一助溶剂。以 下列配方为例说明 (注意此配方只用于说明,并不一定代表此产品 的实际溶解配方): 10% DMSO → 40% PEG300 → 5% Tween-80 → 45% ddH2O (或 saline); 假设最终工作液的体积为 1 mL, 浓度为5 mg/mL: 取 100 μL 50 mg/mL 的澄清 DMSO 储备液加到 400 μL PEG300 中,混合均匀/澄清;向上述体系中加入50 μL Tween-80,混合均匀/澄清;然后继续加入450 μL ddH2O (或 saline)定容至 1 mL; 3、溶剂前显示的百分比是指该溶剂在最终溶液/工作液中的体积所占比例; 4、 如产品在配制过程中出现沉淀/析出,可通过加热(≤50℃)或超声的方式助溶; 5、为保证最佳实验结果,工作液请现配现用! 6、如不确定怎么将母液配置成体内动物实验的工作液,请查看说明书或联系我们; 7、 以上所有助溶剂都可在 Invivochem.cn网站购买。 |
制备储备液 | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
1 mM | 3.3737 mL | 16.8685 mL | 33.7371 mL | |
5 mM | 0.6747 mL | 3.3737 mL | 6.7474 mL | |
10 mM | 0.3374 mL | 1.6869 mL | 3.3737 mL |
1、根据实验需要选择合适的溶剂配制储备液 (母液):对于大多数产品,InvivoChem推荐用DMSO配置母液 (比如:5、10、20mM或者10、20、50 mg/mL浓度),个别水溶性高的产品可直接溶于水。产品在DMSO 、水或其他溶剂中的具体溶解度详见上”溶解度 (体外)”部分;
2、如果您找不到您想要的溶解度信息,或者很难将产品溶解在溶液中,请联系我们;
3、建议使用下列计算器进行相关计算(摩尔浓度计算器、稀释计算器、分子量计算器、重组计算器等);
4、母液配好之后,将其分装到常规用量,并储存在-20°C或-80°C,尽量减少反复冻融循环。
计算结果:
工作液浓度: mg/mL;
DMSO母液配制方法: mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液(母液浓度 mg/mL)。如该浓度超过该批次药物DMSO溶解度,请首先与我们联系。
体内配方配制方法:取 μL DMSO母液,加入 μL PEG300,混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80,混匀澄清后加入 μL ddH2O,混匀澄清。
(1) 请确保溶液澄清之后,再加入下一种溶剂 (助溶剂) 。可利用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等方法助溶;
(2) 一定要按顺序加入溶剂 (助溶剂) 。
A Phase II Trial of Neoadjuvant Laparoscopic Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy (HIPEC) With Chemoradiation
CTID: NCT04308837
Phase: Phase 2   Status: Recruiting
Date: 2023-11-14