规格 | 价格 | ||
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500mg | |||
1g | |||
Other Sizes |
靶点 |
- Mitofusin 2 (MFN2)
- MFN2 agonist-1 (B-A/l) is a direct allosteric activator of MFN2, targeting its GTPase domain and promoting mitochondrial fusion. It specifically binds to MFN2 residues Ser378 and adjacent regions, disrupting autoinhibitory interactions and enhancing GTP hydrolysis activity [1]
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体外研究 (In Vitro) |
- 线粒体融合恢复:
1. 患者来源成纤维细胞:用MFN2激动剂-1 (B-A/l)(10–20 μM)处理CMT2A患者成纤维细胞,挽救了线粒体碎片化,使线粒体网络连接性较未处理细胞增加约50%(线粒体纵横比>3.0) [1] 2. 神经元细胞模型:在表达突变MFN2T105M的原代小鼠背根神经节(DRG)神经元中,B-A/l(5–15 μM)恢复线粒体运动,减少约60%的静态线粒体聚集,顺向运输速度从0.2 ± 0.05 μm/s(对照)提升至0.5 ± 0.1 μm/s [1] - 功能恢复: 1. ATP生成:B-A/l(10 μM)使MFN2缺陷的HEK293细胞ATP水平增加约40%(荧光素-荧光素酶法),逆转线粒体功能障碍引起的生物能量缺陷 [1] 2. 线粒体膜电位(ΔΨm):在CMT2A成纤维细胞中,B-A/l(15 μM)使ΔΨm正常化(JC-1染色),去极化线粒体比例从约70%降至约30% [1] - 作用机制: 1. 磷酸化动态:B-A/l(10 μM)使MFN2的Ser378磷酸化水平增加约2倍(磷酸化特异性Western blot),模拟PINK1激酶激活并稳定MFN2同源二聚体 [1] 2. 蛋白质相互作用:免疫共沉淀显示,B-A/l增强MFN2与线粒体外膜蛋白(如Tom20)的结合,促进线粒体栓系 [1] |
体内研究 (In Vivo) |
- CMT2A小鼠模型矫正:
1. 运动功能改善:表达MFN2T105M的小鼠接受B-A/l(50 mg/kg,腹腔注射,每日1次,持续14天)后,转棒试验表现显著恢复,跌落潜伏期从8.2 ± 1.5秒(溶媒组)延长至15.6 ± 2.1秒 [1] 2. 轴突线粒体运输:在处理组小鼠坐骨神经轴突中,B-A/l使线粒体顺向运输频率恢复约70%,减少轴突肿胀和碎片化线粒体 [1] 3. 组织学挽救:B-A/l治疗减少肌纤维萎缩(横截面积从180 ± 30 μm²增加至250 ± 40 μm²),并保留CMT2A小鼠神经肌肉接头(α-银环蛇毒素染色) [1] |
酶活实验 |
- MFN2 GTP酶活性测定 [1]:
1. 重组蛋白制备:在大肠杆菌中表达His标签的人MFN2(残基1–650),通过镍亲和层析纯化。反应缓冲液含50 mM Tris-HCl(pH 7.5)、10 mM MgCl₂和1 mM DTT。 2. 反应体系:50 μL反应包含MFN2(2 μM)、GTP(1 mM)和B-A/l(0.1–50 μM)。37°C孵育30分钟,用孔雀石绿法检测GTP水解。 3. 结果:B-A/l剂量依赖性增强MFN2 GTP酶活性,10 μM时激活达峰值(2.5倍),EC₅₀为3.2 μM [1] - 构象变化检测(FRET) [1]: 1. FRET对标记:将MFN2的半胱氨酸突变体(Cys102和Cys589)分别标记供体(Alexa Fluor 488)和受体(Alexa Fluor 594)染料。 2. 结合实验:B-A/l(10 μM)使FRET效率降低20%,表明MFN2 GTP酶结构域构象松弛 [1] |
细胞实验 |
- 线粒体形态分析 [1]:
1. 细胞培养:将CMT2A患者成纤维细胞或MFN2T105M DRG神经元接种于玻璃盖玻片,用B-A/l(0–20 μM)处理24小时。 2. 染色:4%多聚甲醛固定细胞,0.1% Triton X-100通透,用MitoTracker Red(50 nM)和DAPI(1 μg/mL)染色。 3. 成像:共聚焦显微镜(63×油镜)定量线粒体纵横比(长/宽)和连接性。10 μM时,B-A/l使纵横比从1.2 ± 0.2增至3.5 ± 0.5 [1] - ATP生成测定 [1]: 1. 细胞处理:用针对MFN2的siRNA转染HEK293细胞,再用B-A/l(0–20 μM)处理48小时。 2. ATP检测:使用ATP生物发光检测试剂盒分析细胞裂解物。10 μM B-A/l使ATP水平恢复至对照(非靶向siRNA)的85% [1] |
动物实验 |
- CMT2A mouse treatment [1]:
1. Animal model: MFN2T105M knock-in mice (8–10 weeks old, male) were randomized into treatment (n=8) and vehicle (n=8) groups. 2. Drug formulation: B-A/l was dissolved in DMSO (100 mM stock) and diluted in 0.9% saline containing 5% Tween 80 to a final concentration of 10 mg/mL. 3. Administration: Mice received intraperitoneal injections of B-A/l (50 mg/kg) or vehicle daily for 14 days. 4. Assessment: Rotarod performance, grip strength, and sciatic nerve morphology were evaluated weekly. Mice were euthanized on day 15 for tissue harvest [1] |
药代性质 (ADME/PK) |
- Mouse pharmacokinetics [1]:
1. Plasma exposure: After a single intraperitoneal dose of B-A/l (50 mg/kg), peak plasma concentration (Cmax) was 25.3 μM at 1 hour, with a terminal half-life (t₁/₂) of 3.8 hours. 2. Tissue distribution: At 2 hours post-dose, B-A/l concentrations in sciatic nerve (18.7 μM) and spinal cord (12.5 μM) were ~75% and 50% of plasma levels, respectively. 3. Excretion: ~60% of the dose was excreted unchanged in urine within 24 hours, with minimal hepatic metabolism detected (<10% metabolites) [1] |
毒性/毒理 (Toxicokinetics/TK) |
- In vitro cytotoxicity:
1. Normal cell viability: B-A/l (up to 50 μM) showed no significant cytotoxicity in wild-type mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MTT assay, viability >90%) [1] 2. Genotoxicity: B-A/l (20 μM) did not induce micronuclei in human peripheral blood lymphocytes (cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay) [1] - In vivo safety: 1. General toxicity: Daily intraperitoneal administration of B-A/l (100 mg/kg) for 28 days caused no significant weight loss or histological abnormalities in liver, kidney, or heart tissues of mice [1] 2. Hematological parameters: Complete blood counts and serum chemistry (ALT, AST, creatinine) remained within normal ranges in treated mice [1] |
参考文献 |
[1]. MFN2 agonists reverse mitochondrial defects in preclinical models of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2A. Science. 2018 Apr 20;360(6386):336-341.
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其他信息 |
- Mechanism of action: B-A/l disrupts the autoinhibitory interaction between MFN2's GTPase domain and helical bundle 2 (HB2), promoting homodimerization and mitochondrial tethering. This effect is dependent on phosphorylation of Ser378 by PINK1 kinase [1]
- Therapeutic potential: B-A/l represents a first-in-class MFN2 agonist with preclinical efficacy in CMT2A, targeting mitochondrial dysdynamism. Its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier and accumulate in peripheral nerves makes it suitable for neurodegenerative disorders [1] - Development rationale: B-A/l was identified through high-throughput screening of a 50,000-compound library, prioritizing compounds that restored mitochondrial network integrity in MFN2-deficient cells [1] |
分子式 |
C21H29N5OS
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分子量 |
399.552862882614
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精确质量 |
399.209
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CAS号 |
2230047-87-5
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PubChem CID |
134817254
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外观&性状 |
White to off-white solid powder
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LogP |
3.9
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tPSA |
97.1
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氢键供体(HBD)数目 |
2
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氢键受体(HBA)数目 |
4
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可旋转键数目(RBC) |
7
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重原子数目 |
28
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分子复杂度/Complexity |
511
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定义原子立体中心数目 |
0
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SMILES |
S(CCNC(NC1CCCCC1C)=O)C1=NN=C(C2CC2)N1C1C=CC=CC=1
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InChi Key |
IDILCELZAIAPSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C21H29N5OS/c1-15-7-5-6-10-18(15)23-20(27)22-13-14-28-21-25-24-19(16-11-12-16)26(21)17-8-3-2-4-9-17/h2-4,8-9,15-16,18H,5-7,10-14H2,1H3,(H2,22,23,27)
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化学名 |
1-[2-[(5-cyclopropyl-4-phenyl-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)sulfanyl]ethyl]-3-(2-methylcyclohexyl)urea
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别名 |
2230047-87-5; 3-(2-((5-cyclopropyl-4-phenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)sulfanyl)ethyl)-1-(2-methylcyclohexyl)urea; 3-{2-[(5-cyclopropyl-4-phenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)sulfanyl]ethyl}-1-(2-methylcyclohexyl)urea; RefChem:490284; 845-220-5; MFN2 agonist-1; MFN2 agonist B-A l; orb1942962; .
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HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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存储方式 |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
运输条件 |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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溶解度 (体外实验) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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溶解度 (体内实验) |
注意: 如下所列的是一些常用的体内动物实验溶解配方,主要用于溶解难溶或不溶于水的产品(水溶度<1 mg/mL)。 建议您先取少量样品进行尝试,如该配方可行,再根据实验需求增加样品量。
注射用配方
注射用配方1: DMSO : Tween 80: Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (如: 100 μL DMSO → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(IP/IV/IM/SC等) *生理盐水/Saline的制备:将0.9g氯化钠/NaCl溶解在100 mL ddH ₂ O中,得到澄清溶液。 注射用配方 2: DMSO : PEG300 :Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (如: 100 μL DMSO → 400 μL PEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) 注射用配方 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (如: 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) 示例: 以注射用配方 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) 为例说明, 如果要配制 1 mL 2.5 mg/mL的工作液, 您可以取 100 μL 25 mg/mL 澄清的 DMSO 储备液,加到 900 μL Corn oil/玉米油中, 混合均匀。 View More
注射用配方 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline = 10 : 90 [如:100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)] 口服配方
口服配方 1: 悬浮于0.5% CMC Na (羧甲基纤维素钠) 口服配方 2: 悬浮于0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose (羧甲基纤维素) 示例: 以口服配方 1 (悬浮于 0.5% CMC Na)为例说明, 如果要配制 100 mL 2.5 mg/mL 的工作液, 您可以先取0.5g CMC Na并将其溶解于100mL ddH2O中,得到0.5%CMC-Na澄清溶液;然后将250 mg待测化合物加到100 mL前述 0.5%CMC Na溶液中,得到悬浮液。 View More
口服配方 3: 溶解于 PEG400 (聚乙二醇400) 请根据您的实验动物和给药方式选择适当的溶解配方/方案: 1、请先配制澄清的储备液(如:用DMSO配置50 或 100 mg/mL母液(储备液)); 2、取适量母液,按从左到右的顺序依次添加助溶剂,澄清后再加入下一助溶剂。以 下列配方为例说明 (注意此配方只用于说明,并不一定代表此产品 的实际溶解配方): 10% DMSO → 40% PEG300 → 5% Tween-80 → 45% ddH2O (或 saline); 假设最终工作液的体积为 1 mL, 浓度为5 mg/mL: 取 100 μL 50 mg/mL 的澄清 DMSO 储备液加到 400 μL PEG300 中,混合均匀/澄清;向上述体系中加入50 μL Tween-80,混合均匀/澄清;然后继续加入450 μL ddH2O (或 saline)定容至 1 mL; 3、溶剂前显示的百分比是指该溶剂在最终溶液/工作液中的体积所占比例; 4、 如产品在配制过程中出现沉淀/析出,可通过加热(≤50℃)或超声的方式助溶; 5、为保证最佳实验结果,工作液请现配现用! 6、如不确定怎么将母液配置成体内动物实验的工作液,请查看说明书或联系我们; 7、 以上所有助溶剂都可在 Invivochem.cn网站购买。 |
制备储备液 | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
1 mM | 2.5028 mL | 12.5141 mL | 25.0282 mL | |
5 mM | 0.5006 mL | 2.5028 mL | 5.0056 mL | |
10 mM | 0.2503 mL | 1.2514 mL | 2.5028 mL |
1、根据实验需要选择合适的溶剂配制储备液 (母液):对于大多数产品,InvivoChem推荐用DMSO配置母液 (比如:5、10、20mM或者10、20、50 mg/mL浓度),个别水溶性高的产品可直接溶于水。产品在DMSO 、水或其他溶剂中的具体溶解度详见上”溶解度 (体外)”部分;
2、如果您找不到您想要的溶解度信息,或者很难将产品溶解在溶液中,请联系我们;
3、建议使用下列计算器进行相关计算(摩尔浓度计算器、稀释计算器、分子量计算器、重组计算器等);
4、母液配好之后,将其分装到常规用量,并储存在-20°C或-80°C,尽量减少反复冻融循环。
计算结果:
工作液浓度: mg/mL;
DMSO母液配制方法: mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液(母液浓度 mg/mL)。如该浓度超过该批次药物DMSO溶解度,请首先与我们联系。
体内配方配制方法:取 μL DMSO母液,加入 μL PEG300,混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80,混匀澄清后加入 μL ddH2O,混匀澄清。
(1) 请确保溶液澄清之后,再加入下一种溶剂 (助溶剂) 。可利用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等方法助溶;
(2) 一定要按顺序加入溶剂 (助溶剂) 。