替罗非班（0.25、1、3 μg/mL；72 小时）可增加 HAEC 细胞的增殖 [1]。 HUVEC 迁移划痕通过替罗非班（24 小时）在 18 小时内闭合[1]。 30 分钟后，替罗非班（0.25，1 μg/mL；1 小时）增加内皮细胞增殖并导致 VEGF 的产生 [1]。

通过提高 HR、LVESP、dp/dtmax 和降低 LVEDP，替罗非班（60 μg/kg；静脉注射；一次）表现出增强收缩力、心室顺应性和心脏功能的活性 [2]。替罗非班（60 μg/kg；静脉注射；一次）可减少急性心肌梗死后再灌注后的无复流区，并增加 eNOS 活性 [2]。在挤压模型中，替罗非班（50 μg/次；冲洗；单剂量）显示出抗凝作用，微血管吻合术后 24 小时通畅率为 59% [3]。

细胞增殖测定[1]
细胞类型： HAEC 细胞
测试浓度： 0.25、1、3 μg/mL
孵育时间：72小时
实验结果：HAEC细胞增殖增加。

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细胞迁移测定 [1]
细胞类型： HUVEC 细胞
测试浓度：
孵育持续时间：24小时
实验结果：刺激内皮细胞的迁移能力。

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蛋白质印迹分析[1]
细胞类型： HAEC 细胞
测试浓度： 0.05、0.12、0.25、1 μg/mL
孵育时间：1小时
实验结果：诱导产生VEGF，刺激内皮细胞增殖。

Animal/Disease Models: Male SD (Sprague-Dawley) rats (10 to 15-week-age; 270-330 g)[2].
Doses: 60 μg/kg
Route of Administration: intravenous (iv) injection; once.
Experimental Results: Increased contraction force, ventricular compliance, and improved heart function. decreased the size of no-reflow and infarct.

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Animal/Disease Models: SD (Sprague-Dawley) rats (350-400 g; crush injury model)[3]
Doses: 50 µg/per (50 µg/mL, 1 mL for each)
Route of Administration: Irrigate 1 mL within the vessel lumen (before placement of the last suture); once.
Experimental Results: demonstrated anticoagulant effect with patency rates of 59%.

[1]. Giordano A, et al. Tirofiban induces VEGF production and stimulates migration and proliferation of endothelial cells. Vascul Pharmacol. 2014 May-Jun;61(2-3):63-71.
[2]. Liu X, et al. Effects of tirofiban on the reperfusion-related no-reflow in rats with acute myocardial infarction. J Geriatr Cardiol. 2013 Mar;10(1):52-8.
[3]. Yates YJ, et al. The effect of tirofiban on microvascular thrombosis: crush model. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2005 Jul;116(1):205-8.

C22H36N2O5S

440.6

144494-65-5

Tirofiban hydrochloride monohydrate;150915-40-5;Tirofiban hydrochloride;142373-60-2;Tirofiban-d9;1332075-40-7

O=C(O)[ C@H](CC1=CC=C(OCCCCC2CCNCC2)C=C1)NS(=O)(CCCC)=O

Powder      -20°C    3 years

                     4°C     2 years

In solvent   -80°C    6 months

                  -20°C    1 month

Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.

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Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)
*Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution.
Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline)
Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil)
Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals).

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Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)]
*Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution.
Injection Formulation 5: 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin : Saline = 50 : 50 (i.e. 500 μL 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin → 500 μL Saline)
Injection Formulation 6: DMSO : PEG300 : castor oil : Saline = 5 : 10 : 20 : 65 (i.e. 50 μL DMSO → 100 μLPEG300 → 200 μL castor oil → 650 μL Saline)
Injection Formulation 7: Ethanol : Cremophor : Saline = 10： 10 : 80 (i.e. 100 μL Ethanol → 100 μL Cremophor → 800 μL Saline)
Injection Formulation 8: Dissolve in Cremophor/Ethanol (50 : 50), then diluted by Saline
Injection Formulation 9: EtOH : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 900 μL Corn oil)
Injection Formulation 10: EtOH : PEG300：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline)

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Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium)
Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose
Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals).

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Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400
Oral Formulation 4: Suspend in 0.2% Carboxymethyl cellulose
Oral Formulation 5: Dissolve in 0.25% Tween 80 and 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose
Oral Formulation 6: Mixing with food powders

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Note: Please be aware that the above formulations are for reference only. InvivoChem strongly recommends customers to read literature methods/protocols carefully before determining which formulation you should use for in vivo studies, as different compounds have different solubility properties and have to be formulated differently.

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请根据您的实验动物和给药方式选择适当的溶解配方/方案：
1、请先配制澄清的储备液(如：用DMSO配置50 或 100 mg/mL母液(储备液));
2、取适量母液，按从左到右的顺序依次添加助溶剂，澄清后再加入下一助溶剂。以 下列配方为例说明 (注意此配方只用于说明，并不一定代表此产品 的实际溶解配方):
10% DMSO → 40% PEG300 → 5% Tween-80 → 45% ddH2O (或 saline);
假设最终工作液的体积为 1 mL, 浓度为5 mg/mL: 取 100 μL 50 mg/mL 的澄清 DMSO 储备液加到 400 μL PEG300 中，混合均匀/澄清；向上述体系中加入50 μL Tween-80，混合均匀/澄清；然后继续加入450 μL ddH2O (或 saline)定容至 1 mL；
3、溶剂前显示的百分比是指该溶剂在最终溶液/工作液中的体积所占比例;
4、 如产品在配制过程中出现沉淀/析出，可通过加热(≤50℃)或超声的方式助溶;
5、为保证最佳实验结果，工作液请现配现用！
6、如不确定怎么将母液配置成体内动物实验的工作液，请查看说明书或联系我们;
7、 以上所有助溶剂都可在 Invivochem.cn网站购买。